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8. Kalyanasilasuttavannana
[97] Atthame kalyanasiloti sundarasilo pasatthasilo 1- paripunnasilo.
Tattha silaparipuri dvihi karanehi hoti sammadeva silavipattiya adinavadassanena,
silasampattiya ca anisamsadassanena. Idha pana sabbaparibandhavippamuttassa
sabbakaraparipunnassa maggasilassa ca phalasilassa ca vasena kalyanata
veditabba. Kalyanadhammoti sabbe bodhipakkhiyadhamma adhippeta, tasma
kalyana satipatthanadibodhipakkhiyadhamma etassati kalyanadhammo.
Kalyanapannoti ca maggaphalapannavaseneva kalyanapanno. Lokuttara eva hi
siladidhamma ekantakalyana nama akuppasabhavatta. Keci pana
"catuparisuddhisilavasena kalyanasilo, vipassanamaggadhammavasena kalyanadhammo,
maggaphalapannavasena kalyanapanno"ti vadanti. Asekkha eva te siladhammapannati eke.
Apare pana bhananti:- sotapannasakadagaminam maggaphalasilam kalyanasilam nama,
tasma "kalyanasilo"ti imina sotapanno sakadagami ca gahita honti.
Te hi silesu paripurakarino nama. Anagamimaggaphaladhamma aggamaggadhamma
ca kalyanadhamma nama. Tattha hi bodhipakkhiyadhamma bhavanaparipurim gacchanti.
@Footnote: 1 Si.,ka. sampannasilo
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page345.
Tasma "kalyanadhammo"ti imina tatiyamaggatthato patthaya tayo ariya gahita
honti. Pannakiccassa matthakappattiya aggaphale panna kalyanapanna
nama, tasma pannavepullappatto araha "kalyanapanno"ti vutto. Evameva
puggala gahita hontiti. Kim imina papancena, aggamaggaphaladhamma idha
kalyanasiladayo vuttati ayamamhakam khanti. Dhammavibhagena hi ayam puggalavibhago,
na dhammavibhagoti.
Kevaliti ettha kevalam vuccati kenaci avomissakataya sabbasankhatavivittam
nibbanam, tassa adhigatatta araha kevali. Atha va pahanabhavanaparipuriya
pariyosanaanavajjadhammaparipuriya ca kalyanakatthena abyasekasukhataya ca kevalam
arahattam, tadadhigamena kevali khinasavo. Maggabrahmacariyavasam vasitva pariyosapetva
thitoti vasitava. Uttamehi aggabhutehi va asekkhadhammehi samannagatatta
"uttamapuriso"ti vuccati.
Silavati ettha kenatthena silam? silanatthena silam. Kimidam silanam nama?
Samadhanam, susilyavasena kayakammadinam avippakinnatati attho. Atha va
upadharanam, jhanadikusaladhammanam patitthanavasena adharabhavoti attho. Tasma
silati, siletiti va silam. Ayam tava saddalakkhananayena silattho. Apare pana
"sirattho silattho, sitalattho silattho, sivattho silattho"ti niruttinayena
attham vannenti. Tayidam paripurito atisayato va silam assa atthiti
silava, catuparisuddhisilavasena silasampannoti attho. Tattha yam jetthakasilam, tam
vittharetva dassetum "patimokkhasamvarasamvuto"tiadi vuttanti ekaccanam acariyanam
adhippayo.
Apare pana bhananti:- ubhayathapi patimokkhasamvaro bhagavata vutto.
Patimokkhasamvaro eva hi silam, itaresu indriyasamvaro chadvararakkhanamattakameva,
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page346.
Ajivaparisuddhi dhammena paccayuppadanamattameva, paccayasannissitam patiladdhappaccaye
"idamatthan"ti paccavekkhitva paribhunjanamattameva. Nippariyayena patimokkhasamvarova
silam. Yassa so bhinno, so chinnasiso 1- puriso viya hatthapade "sesani
rakkhissati"ti na vattabbo. Yassa pana so arogo, acchinnasiso viya puriso
tani puna pakatikani katva rakkhitum sakkoti. Tasma silavati imina
patimokkhasilameva uddisitva tam vittharetum "patimokkhasamvarasamvuto"tiadi
vuttanti.
Tattha patimokkhanti sikkhapadam. Tam hi yo nam pati rakkhati, tam mokkheti
mocayati apayikadihi dukkhehiti patimokkham. Samvaranam samvaro, kayavacahi avitikkamo.
Patimokkhameva samvaro patimokkhasamvaro, tena samvuto pihitakayavacoti
patimokkhasamvarasamvuto, idamassa tasmim sile patitthitabhavaparidipanam. Viharatiti
tadanurupaviharasamangibhavaparidipanam. Acaragocarasampannoti hettha patimokkhasamvarassa,
upari visesanuyogassa ca upakarakadhammaparidipanam. Anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassaviti
patimokkhasilato acavanadhammataparidipanam. Samadayati sikkhapadanam anavasesato
adanaparidipanam. Sikkhatiti sikkhaya samangibhavaparidipanam. Sikkhapadesuti
sikkhitabbadhammaparidipanam.
Aparo nayo:- kilesanam balavabhavato papakiriyaya sukarabhavato punnakiriyaya
ca dukkarabhavato bahukkhattum apayesu patanasiloti pati, puthujjano. Aniccataya
va bhavadisu kammavegakkhitto ghatiyantam viya anavatthanena paribbhamanato
gamanasiloti pati, maranavasena va tamhi tamhi sattanikaye attabhavassa
patanasiloti pati, sattasantano, cittameva va. Tam patinam samsaradukkhato
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sisacchinno
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page347.
Mokkhetiti patimokkho. 1- Cittassa hi vimokkhena satto vimutto. "cittavodana
visujjhanti"ti 2- "anupadaya asavehi cittam vimuttan"ti 3- ca vuttam. Atha va
avijjanidanahetuna 4- samsare patati gacchati pavattatiti pati. "avijjanivarananam
sattanam tanhasamyojananam sandhavatam samsaratan"ti 5- hi vuttam. Tassa patino
sattassa tanhadisankilesattayato mokkho etenati patimokkho.
"kanthekalo"tiadinam 6- viyassa samasasiddhi veditabba.
Atha va pateti vinipateti dukkheti pati, cittam. Vuttanhi "cittena
niyati loko, cittena parikassati"ti. 7- Tassa patino mokkho etenati
patimokkho, patati va etena apayadukkhe samsaradukkhe vati pati,
tanhadisankileso. Vuttanhi "tanha janeti purisam, 8- tanhadutiyo puriso"ti 9- ca
adi. Tato patito mokkhoti patimokkho. Atha va patati etthati pati, cha
ajjhattikani bahirani ca ayatanani. Vuttanhi "../../bdpicture/chasu loko samuppanno, chasu
kubbati santhavan"ti. 10- Tato chaajjhattikabahirayatanasankhatato patito mokkhoti
patimokkho. Atha va pato vinipato assa atthiti pati, samsaro. Tato
mokkhoti patimokkho. Atha va sabbalokadhipatibhavato dhammissaro bhagava patiti
vuccati, muccati etenati mokkho, patino mokkho tena pannattattati
patimokkho. Patimokkho eva patimokkho. Sabbagunanam va mulabhavato uttamatthena
pati ca so yathavuttatthena mokkho cati patimokkho, patimokkho eva
patimokkho. Tatha hi vuttam "patimokkhanti mukhametam pamukhametan"ti 11- vittharo.
@Footnote: 1 Si. patimokkham 2 sam.kha. 17/159/144
@3 Ma.Ma. 13/206/182 4 cha.Ma. avijjadina
@5 sam.ni. 16/124/172, sammaha. 19/520/198
@6 ka. tanhakalotiadinam 7 sam.sa. 15/62/44
@8 sam.sa. 15/56/42 9 khu.iti. 25/15/241, 25/105/324,
@khu.cula. 30/667/320 (sya)
@10 sam.sa. 15/70/46 11 vi.maha. 4/135/148
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page348.
Atha va paiti pakare, atiti accantatthe nipato. Tasma pakarehi
accantam mokkhetiti patimokkho. Idam hi silam sayam tadangavasena, samadhisahitam
pannasahitanca vikkhambhanavasena samucchedavasena ca accantam mokkheti mocetiti
patimokkham. Pati pati mokkhoti va patimokkho, tamha tamha vitikkamitabbadosato
pati paccekam mokkhoti attho. Patimokkho eva patimokkho. Mokkhoti va
nibbanam, tassa mokkhassa patibimbabhutanti patimokkham. Patimokkhasilasamvaro hi
suriyassa arunuggamanam viya nibbanassa udayabhuto tappatibhago viya hoti yatharaham
kilesanibbapanatoti patimokkham, patimokkham eva patimokkham. Atha va mokakham
pativattati mokkhabhimukhanti patimokkham, patimokkhameva patimokkhanti evam tavettha
patimokkhasaddassa attho veditabbo.
Samvarati pidahati etenati samvaro, patimokkhameva samvaroti patimokkhasamvaro.
Atthato pana tato tato vitikkamitabbato viratiyo cetana va, tena patimokkhasamvarena
upeto samannagato patimokkhasamvarasamvutoti vutto. Vuttanhetam
vibhange:-
"imina patimokkhasamvarena upeto hoti samupeto
upagato samupagato sampanno samannagato, tena vuccati
patimokkhasamvarasamvuto"ti. 1-
Viharatiti iriyapathaviharena viharati iriyati vattati. Acaragocarasampannoti
veludanadimicchajivassa kayapagabbhiyadinanca akaranena sabbaso anacaram
vajjetva "kayiko avitikkamo vacasiko avitikkamo"ti evam vuttabhikkhusaruppa-
acarasampattiya vesiyadiagocaram vajjetva pindapatadiattham upasankamitum
@Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/511/296
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page349.
Yuttatthanasankhatagocarena ca sampannatta acaragocarasampanno. Apica yo
bhikkhu satthari sagaravo sappatisso sabrahmacarisu sagaravo sappatisso
hirottappasampanno sunivattho suparuto pasadikena abhikkantena patikkantena
alokitena vilokitena saminjitena pasaritena okkhittacakkhu iriyapathasampanno
indriyesu guttadvaro bhojane mattannu jagariyanuyutto satisampajannena
samannagato appiccho santuttho pavivitto asamsattho abhisamacarikesu
sakkaccakari garucittikarabahulo viharati, ayam vuccati acarasampanno.
Gocaro pana upanissayagocaro arakkhagocaro upanibandhagocaroti tividho.
Tattha dasakathavatthugunasamannagato vuttalakkhano kalyanamitto yam nissaya asutam
sunati, sutam pariyodapeti, kankham vinodeti, 1- ditthim ujukam karoti, cittam
pasadeti, yassa ca anusikkhanto saddhaya vaddhati, silena, sutena, cagena,
pannaya vaddhati, ayam upanissayagocaro. Yo bhikkhu antaragharam pavittho vithim
patipanno okkhittacakkhu yugamattadassavi samvuto gacchati, na hatthim olokento,
na assam, na ratham, na pattim, na itthim, na purisam olokento, na uddham
olokento, na adho olokento, na disavidisa pekkhamano gacchati, ayam
arakkhagocaro. Upanibandhagocaro pana cattaro satipatthana, yattha bhikkhu
attano cittam upanibandhati. Vuttanhetam bhagavata:-
"koci bhikkhave bhikkhuno gocaro sako pettiko visayo,
yadidam cattaro satipatthana"ti. 2-
Iti yathavuttaya acarasampattiya imaya ca gocarasampattiya samannagatatta
acaragocarasampanno.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vitarati 2 sam.maha. 19/372/129
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page350.
Anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassaviti appamattakesu anuppamanesu asancicca
apannasekhiyaakusalacittuppadadibhedesu vajjesu bhayadassanasilo. Yo hi bhikkhu
paramanumattam vajjam atthasatthiyojanasatasahassubbedhasinerupabbatarajasadisam katva
passati, yopi bhikkhu sabbalahukam dubbhasitamattam parajikasadisam katva passati,
ayam anumattesu vajjesu bhayadassavi nama. Samadaya sikkhati sikkhapadesuti
yankinci sikkhapadesu sikkhitabbam, tam sabbena sabbam sabbatha sabbam anavasesam
samadiyitva sikkhati vattati, puretiti attho. Iti kalyanasiloti imina pakarena
kalyanasilo samano. 1- Puggaladhitthanavasena hi niddittham silam "evam kho
bhikkhave bhikkhu kalyanasilo hoti"ti vuttapuggaladhitthanavaseneva nigametva
"kalyanadhammo"ti ettha vuttadhamme niddisitukamena "tesam dhammanam idam
silam adhitthanan"ti dassetum puna "iti kalyanasilo"ti vuttam. Sattannam
bodhipakkhiyanantiadi sabbam hettha vuttatthameva. Puna kalyanasilotiadi
nigamanam.
Gathasu dukkatanti dutthu katam, duccaritanti attho. Hirimananti hirimantam
hirisahitacittam hirisampannam, sabbaso papapavattiya jigucchanasabhavanti attho.
Hirimananti va hirisahitacittam hiriggahaneneva cettha ottappampi gahitanti
veditabbam. Hirottappaggahanena ca sabbaso duccaritabhavassa hetum dassento
kalyanasilatam hetuto vibhaveti. Sambodhiti ariyananam, tam gacchanti bhajantiti
sambodhigamino, bodhipakkhikati attho. Anussadanti ragussadadirahitam.
"tathavidhan"tipi pathanti. "bodhipakkhikanam dhammanam bhavananuyogamanuyutto"ti yatha yatha
pubbe vuttam, tathavidham tadisanti attho. Dukkhassati vattadukkhassa,
vattadukkhahetuno va. Idheva khayamattanoti
@Footnote: 1 Ma. kalyanasilasampanno
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page351.
Asavakkhayadhigamena attano vattadukkhahetuno samudayapakkhiyassa kilesagganassa
idheva imasmimyeva attabhave khayam anuppadam pajanati, vattadukkhasseva va
idheva carimakacittanirodhena khayam khinabhavam pajanati. Tehi dhammehi sampannanti
tehi yathavuttasiladidhammehi samannagatam. Asitanti tanhaditthinissayanam pahinatta
asitam, katthaci anissitam. Sabbalokassati sabbasmim sattaloke. Sesam vuttanayameva.
Atthamasuttavannana nitthita.
--------------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 27 page 344-351.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=27&A=7620&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=27&A=7620&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=277
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=6423
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=6286
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=6286
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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