AtthaPali Vol.15

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2. Adhikaranavaggavannana [11] Dutiyassa pathame balaniti kenatthena balani. Akampaniyatthena ^1- balani nama, tatha durabhisambhavanatthena anajjhomaddanatthena ca. Patisankhanabalanti paccavekkhanabalam. Bhavanabalanti bruhanabalam vaddhanabalam. Suddham attananti idam hettha vuttanayeneva veditabbam. Tatrati tesu dvisu balesu. Yadidanti yam idam. Sekhanametam balanti sattannam sekhanam nanabalametam. Sekham hi so bhikkhave balam agammati sattannam sekhanam nanabalam arabbha sandhaya paticca. Pajahatiti maggena pajahati. Pahayati imina pana phalam kathitam. Yam papanti yam papakam lamakam. Yasma panetani dvepi vaddhetva arahattam papunati, tasma ettha etadaggam nagatanti veditabbam. [12] Dutiye satisambojjhangam bhavetitiadisu ayam hettha anagatanam padanam vasena atthavannana:- vivekanissitanti vivekam nissitam. ^2- Vivekoti vivittata. Svayam tadangaviveko vikkhambhanasamucchedapatippassaddhinissaranavivekoti pancavidho. Tasmim pancavidhe viveke. Vivekanissitanti tadangavivekanissitam samucchedavivekanissitam nissaranavivekanissitanca satisambojjhangam bhavetiti ayamattho veditabbo. Tatha hi satisambojjhangabhavananuyutto yogi vipassanakkhane kiccato tadangavivekanissitam, ajjhasayato nissaranavivekanissitam, maggakale pana kiccato samucchedavivekanissitam, arammanato nissaranavivekanissitam satisambojjhangam bhaveti. Pancavidhaviveka- nissitampiti eke. Te hi na kevalam balavavipassanamaggaphalakkhanesuyeva bojjhange ^3- uddharanti, vipassanapadakakasinajjhanaanapanasubhabrahmaviharajjhanesupi ^4- uddharanti, na ca patisiddha atthakathacariyehi. Tasma tesam matena etesam jhananam pavattikkhane @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. akampiyatthena, Si. akampaniyatthena ² pa.su. 1/27/93 @³ Ma. sambojjhange ⁴ Si.,i. vipassanajhana...

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Kiccatoyeva vikkhambhanavivekanissitam. Yatha ca "vipassanakkhane ajjhasayato nissarana- vivekanissitan"ti vuttam, evam "patippassaddhivivekanissitampi bhaveti"ti vattum vattati. Eseva nayo viraganissitantiadisupi. Vivekatthaeva hi viragadayo. Kevalanhettha vossaggo duvidho pariccagavossaggo ca pakkhandanavossaggo cati. Tattha pariccagavossaggoti vipassanakkhane ca tadangavasena maggakkhane ca samucchedavasena kilesappahanam. Pakkhandanavossaggoti vipassanakkhane tanninnabhavena, maggakkhane pana arammanakaranena nibbanapakkhandanam. Tadubhayampi imasmim lokiya- lokuttaramissake atthavannananaye vattati. Tatha hi ayam satisambojjhango yathavuttena pakarena kilese pariccajati, nibbanam ca pakkhandati. Vossaggaparinaminti imina pana sakalena vacanena vossaggattham parinamantam parinatam ca, paripaccantam paripakkam cati idam vuttam hoti. Ayanhi bojjhangabhavanamanuyutto bhikkhu yatha satisambojjhango kilesapariccagavossaggattham nibbanapakkhandanavossaggattham ca paripaccati, yatha ca paripakko hoti, tatha nam bhavetiti. Eseva nayo sesabojjhangesupi. Idam pana nibbanamyeva sabbasankhatehi vivittatta viveko, sabbesam viragabhavato virago, nirodhabhavato nirodhoti vuttam. Maggoeva ca vossagge parinami, tasma satisambojjhangam bhaveti vivekam arammanam katva pavattiya vivekanissitam, tatha viraganissitam nirodhanissitam. Tanca kho ariyamaggakkhanuppattiya ^1- kilesanam samucchedato pariccagabhavena ca nibbanapakkhandanabhavena ca parinatam paripakkanti ayameva attho datthabbo. Eseva nayo sesabojjhangesupi. Iti ime satta bojjhanga lokiyalokuttaramissaka kathita. Imesupi dvisu balesu etadaggabhavo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. @Footnote: ¹ Si. maggakkhanapavattiya, i. maggakkhanappavattiya

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[13] Tatiye vivicceva kamehitiadinam catunnam jhananam paliattho ca bhavananayo ca sabbakarena visuddhimagge ^1- vittharitoyeva. Imani pana cattari jhanani eko bhikkhu cittekaggatthaya bhaveti, eko vipassanapadakatthaya, eko abhinnapadakatthaya, eko nirodhapadakatthaya, eko bhavavisesatthaya. Idha pana tanipi vipassanapadakani adhippetani. Ayam hi bhikkhu imani jhanani samapajjitva samapattito vutthaya sankhare sammasitva hetupaccayapariggaham katva sapaccayam namarupam ca vavatthapetva indriyabalabojjhangani samodhanetva arahattam papunati. Evametani jhanani lokiyalokuttaramissakaneva kathitani. Imasmim vapi ^2- baladvaye etadaggabhavo vuttanayeneva veditabbo. [14] Catutthe sankhittena ca vittharena cati sankhittadhammadesana vittharadhammadesana cati dveyeva dhammadesanati dasseti. Tattha matikam uddisitva kathita desana sankhittadesana nama, tameva matikam vittharato vibhajitva kathita vittharadesana nama. Matikam va thapetvapi atthapetvapi vittharato vibhajitva kathita vittharadesana nama. Tasu sankhittadesana nama mahapannassa puggalassa vasena kathita, vittharadesana nama mandapannassa. Mahapannassa hi vittharadesana atipapanco viya hoti. Mandapannassa sankhepadesana sasakassa uppatanam viya hoti, neva antam na kotim papunitum sakkoti. Sankhepadesana ca ugghatitannuno vasena kathita, vittharadesana itaresam tinnam vasena. Sakalampi hi tepitakam sankhepadesana vittharadesanati ettheva sankham gacchati. [15] Pancame yasmim bhikkhave adhikaraneti vivadadhikaranam anuvadadhikaranam apattadhikaranam kiccadhikarananti imesam catunnam adhikarananam yasmim adhikarane. Apanno ca bhikkhuti apattim apanno bhikkhu ca. Tasmetanti tasmim etam. ^3- Dighattayati @Footnote: ¹ visuddhi. 1/175 ² cha.Ma. imasmimpi, i. imasmincapi @³ Ma. etam vivadadhikaranam

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Digham addhanam titthanatthaya. Kharattayati dasakondacandalavenati evam kharavacapavattanatthaya. Valattayati pasanaleddudandadippaharanakakkhalabhavatthaya. ^1- Bhikkhu ca na phasum viharissantiti annamannam vivadapanne bhikkhusamghe yepi uddesam va paripuccham va gahetukama padhanam va anuyunjitukama, te phasum ^2- na viharissanti. Bhikkhusamghasmim hi uposathapavaranaya thitaya uddesadihi atthika uddesadini gahetum na sakkonti, vipassakanam cittuppado na ekaggo hoti, tato visesam nibbattetum na sakkonti. Evam bhikkhu ca na phasum viharissantiti. Na dighattayatiadisu vuttapatipakkhanayena attho veditabbo. Idhati imasmim sasane. Iti patisancikkhatiti evam paccavekkhati. Akusalam apannoti ettha akusalanti apatti adhippeta, apattim apannoti attho. Kincideva desanti na sabbameva apattim, apattiya pana kincieva desam annataram apattinti attho. Kayenati karajakayena. Anattamanoti atutthacitto. Anattamanavacanti atutthavacam. Mamevati mam eva. Tatthati tasmim adhikarane. Accayo accaggamati aparadho atikkamitva madditva gato, ahamevettha aparadhiko. Sunkadayakamva ^3- bhandasminti yatha sunkatthanam pariharitva nite bhandasmim sunkadayakam aparadho abhibhavati, so ca tattha aparadhiko hoti, na rajano na rajapurisati attho. Idam vuttam hoti:- yo hi ranna thapitam sunkatthanam pariharitva bhandam harati, tam saha bhandasakatena anetva ranno dassenti. Tattha neva sunkatthanassa doso atthi, na ranno na rajapurisanam, pariharitva agatasseva ^4- pana doso, evameva yam so bhikkhu apattim apanno, tattha neva apattiya doso, na codakassa. Tihi pana karanehi tasseva bhikkhuno doso. Tassa hi apattiapannabhavenapi doso, codakaanattamanatayapi doso, anattamanassa sato paresam arocanenapi @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. panileddudandadihi paharanavasena kakkhalabhavatthaya ² Si.,i. phasukam @³ Si.,i. sunkadayikamva ⁴ cha.Ma.,i. gatasseva

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Doso. Codakassa pana so tam apattim apajjantam addasa, tattha doso natthi. Anattamanataya codanaya ^1- pana doso. Tampi amanasikaritva ayam bhikkhu attano ca dosam paccavekkhanto ^2- "iti mameva ettha accayo accaggama sunkadayakamva bhandasmin"ti evam patisancikkhatiti attho. Dutiyavare codakassa anattamanata ca anattamanataya coditabhavo cati dve dosa, tesam vasena "accayo accaggama"ti ettha yojana katabba. Sesamettha uttanamevati. [16] Chatthe annataroti eko apakatanamo brahmano. Yena bhagava tenupasankamiti yenati bhummatthe ^3- karanavacanam. Tasma yattha bhagava, tattha upasankamiti evamettha attho veditabbo. Yena va karanena bhagava devamanussehi upasankamitabbo, tena karanena upasankamiti evamettha attho veditabbo. ^4- Kena ca karanena bhagava upasankamitabbo? nanappakaragunavisesadhigamadhippayena, sadhuphalupabhogadhippayena dijaganehi niccaphalitamaharukkho viya. Upasankamiti gatoti vuttam hoti. Upasankamitvati upasankamanapariyosanaparidipanam. ^5- Athava evam gato tato asannataram thanam bhagavato atisamipasankhatam ^6- gantvatipi vuttam hoti. Bhagavata saddhim sammoditi yatha ca khamaniyadini pucchanto bhagava tena, evam sopi bhagavata saddhim samappavattappamodo ahosi, sitodakam viya unhodakena sammoditam ekibhavam agamasi. Yaya ca "kacci bho gotama khamaniyam, kacci yapaniyam, kacci bhoto gotamassa ca savakanam ca appabadham appatankam lahutthanam balam phasuviharo"tiadikaya kathaya sammodi, tam pitipamojjasankhatasammodajananato sammoditum yuttabhavato ca sammodaniyam, atthabyanjanamadhurataya sucirampi kalam saretum nirantaram pavattetum araharupato ca saritabbabhavato ca saraniyam. Suyyamanasukhato va @Footnote: ¹ Si.,i. codana pana ² ka. paccavekkhati ³ i. bhumatthe @⁴ cha.Ma. datthabbo ⁵ cha.Ma.....pariyosanadipanam ⁶ cha.Ma.,i. samipasankhata

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Sammodaniyam, anussariyamanasukhato saraniyam, tatha byanjanaparisuddhataya sammodaniyam, atthaparisuddhataya saraniyanti evam anekehi pariyayehi sammodaniyam saraniyam katham vitisaretva pariyosapetva nitthapetva yenatthena agato, tam pucchitukamo ekamantam nisidi. Ekamantanti bhavanapumsakaniddeso "visamam candimasuriya parivattanti"tiadisu ^1- viya. Tasma yatha nisinno ekamante ^2- nisinno hoti, tatha nisiditi evamettha attho datthabbo. Bhummatthe va etam upayogavacanam. Nisiditi upavisi. Pandita hi purisa garutthaniyam upasankamitva asanakusalataya ekamantam nisidanti. Ayam ca nesam annataro, tasma ekamantam nisidi. Katham nisinno pana ekamantam nisinno hotiti? cha nisajjadose vajjetva. Seyyathidam? atiduram accasannam uparivatam unnatappadesam atisammukham atipacchati. Atidure nisinno hi sace kathetukamo hoti, uccasaddena kathetabbam hoti. Accasanne nisinno sanghattanam karoti. Uparivate nisinno sariragandhena badhati. Unnatappadese nisinno agaravam pakaseti. Atisammukha nisinno sace datthukamo hoti, cakkhuna cakkhum ahacca datthabbam hoti. Atipaccha nisinno sace datthukamo hoti, givam pasaretva datthabbam hoti. Tasma ayampi ete cha nisajjadose vajjetva nisidi. Tena vuttam "ekamantam nisidi"ti. Etadavocati duvidha hi puccha agarikapuccha ca anagarikapuccha ca. Tattha "kim bhante kusalam kim akusalan"ti ^3- imina nayena agarikapuccha agata. "ime nu kho bhante pancupadanakkhandha"ti ^4- imina nayena anagarikapuccha. Ayam pana attano anurupam agarikapuccham ^5- pucchanto etam "ko nu kho bho gotama hetu @Footnote: ¹ an.catukka. 21/70/85 adhammikasutta ² cha.Ma. ekamantam @³ Ma.u. 14/296/267 culakammavibhangasutta @⁴ Ma.u. 14/86/67 mahapunnamasutta ⁵ Ma. agariyam

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Ko paccayo"tiadivacanam avoca. Tattha hetu paccayoti ^1- ubhayametam ^2- karanavevacanameva. Adhammacariyavisamacariyahetuti adhammacariyasankhataya visamacariyaya hetu, tamkarana tappaccayati attho. Tatrayam padattho:- adhammassa cariya adhammacariya, adhammakarananti attho. Visama ^3- cariya, visamassa va kammassa cariyati visamacariya. Adhammacariya ca sa visamacariya cati adhammacariyavisamacariya. Etenupayena sukkapakkhepi attho veditabbo. Atthato panettha adhammacariyavisamacariya nama dasa akusalakammapatha, dhammacariyasamacariya nama dasa kusalakammapathati veditabba. Abhikkantam bho gotamati ettha ayam abhikkantasaddo khayasundarabhirupa- abbhanumodanesu dissati. "abhikkanta bhante ratti, nikkhanto pathamo yamo, ciranisinno bhikkhusamgho"tiadisu ^4- hi khaye dissati. "ayam imesam catunnam puggalanam abhikkantataro ca panitataro ca"tiadisu ^5- sundare. "ko me vandati padani iddhiya yasasa jalam abhikkantena vannena sabba obhasayam disa"ti- adisu ^6- abhirupe. "abhikkantam bhante"tiadisu ^7- abbhanumodane. Idhapi abbhanumodaneyeva. Yasma ca abbhanumodane, tasma sadhu sadhu bho gotamati vuttam hotiti veditabbam. "bhaye kodhe pasamsayam turite kotuhalacchare hase soke pasade ca kare amenditam ^8- budho"ti imina ca lakkhanena idha pasadavasena pasamsavasena cayam dvikkhattum vuttoti veditabbo. Athava abhikkantanti abhikkantam ^9- atiittham atimanapam, atisundaranti vuttam hoti. @Footnote: ¹ Ma. ko hetu ko paccayoti ² cha.Ma. ubhayampetam ³ cha.Ma. visamam @⁴ an.atthaka. 23/110(20)/207 uposathasutta (sya), khu.u. 25/45/164 @uposathasutta, vi.cu. 7/383/204 patimokkhuddesayacana @⁵ an.catukka. 21/100/113 potaliyasutta ⁶ khu.vimana. 26/857/87 @mandukadevaputtavimana ⁷ di.Si. 9/250/85 ajatasattuupasakattapativedana, @vi.maha. 1/15/7 veranjakanda ⁸ cha.Ma. ameditam ⁹ Si. atikantam

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Tattha ekena abhikkantasaddena desanam thometi, ekena attano pasadam. Ayanhettha adhippayo:- abhikkantam bho gotama yadidam bhoto gotamassa dhammadesana, abhikkantam yadidam bhoto gotamassa dhammadesanam agamma mama pasadoti. Bhagavatoyeva vacanam ^1- dve dve atthe sandhaya thometi:- bhoto gotamassa vacanam abhikkantam dosanasanato, abhikkantam gunadhigamanato, tatha saddhajananato, pannajananato, satthato, byanjanato, uttanapadato, gambhiratthato, kannasukhato, hadayangamato, anattukkamsanato, aparavambhanato, karunasitalato, pannavadatato, apatharamaniyato, vimaddakkhamato, suyyamanasukhato, vimamsiyamanato hitato cati ^2- evamadihi yojetabbam. Tato parampi catuhi upamahi desanamyeva thometi. Tattha nikkujjitanti adhomukhathapitam hetthamukhajatam va. Ukkujjeyyati uparimukham kareyya. Paticchannanti tinadihi paticchaditam. ^3- Vivareyyati ugghateyya. Mulhassati disamulhassa. Maggam acikkheyyati hatthe gahetva "esa maggo"ti vadeyya. Andhakareti kalapakkhacatuddasi addharattaghanavanasandameghapatalehi caturange tame. Ayam tava anuttanapadattho. Ayam pana adhippayo 4-:- yatha koci nikkujjitam ukkujjeyya, evam saddhamma- vimukham asaddhamme patitam ^5- mam asaddhamma vutthapentena, yatha paticchannam vivareyya, evam kassapassa bhagavato sasanantaradhanato pabhuti micchaditthigahanapaticchannasasanam vivarantena, yatha mulhassa maggam acikkheyya, evam kummaggamicchamaggapatipannassa me saggamokkhamaggam avikarontena, yatha andhakare telapajjotam dhareyya, evam mohandhakaranimuggassa me buddhadiratanarupani apassato tappaticchadakamohandhakara- viddhamsakadesanapajjotadharanena mayham bhota gotamena etehi pariyayehi pakasitatta anekapariyayena dhammo pakasito. ^6- @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. va vacanam ² cha.Ma.,i. vimamsiyamanahitatoti ³ cha.Ma.,i. tinapannadichaditam @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. adhippayayojana ⁵ Ma. patitthitam ⁶ cha.Ma. pakasitoti

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Evam desanam thometva imaya desanaya ratanattaye pasannacitto pasannakaram karonto esahantiadimaha. Tattha esahanti eso aham. Bhavantam gotamam saranam gacchamiti bhavam me gotamo saranam parayanam aghassa data ^1- hitassa ca vidatati ^2- imina adhippayena bhavantam gotamam gacchami bhajami sevami payirupasami, evam va janami bujjhamiti. Yesanhi dhatunam gati attho, buddhipi tesam attho. Tasma gacchamiti imassa janami bujjhamiti ayamattho vutto. Dhammanca bhikkhusamghancati ettha pana ^3- adhigatamagge ceva sacchikatanirodhe ca yathanusittham patipajjamane catusu ^3- apayesu apatamane dharetiti dhammo. So atthato ariyamaggo ceva nibbanam ca. Vuttanhetam "yavata bhikkhave dhamma sankhata, ariyo atthangiko maggo tesam aggamakkhayati"ti ^4- vittharo. Na kevalam ca ariyamaggo ceva nibbanam ca, apica kho ariyaphalehi saddhim pariyattidhammopi. Vuttanhetam chattamanavakavimane:- "ragaviragamanejamasokam dhammamasankhatamappatikulam madhuramimam pagunam suvibhattam dhammamimam saranatthamupehi"ti. ^5- Ettha ragaviragoti maggo kathito. Anejamasokanti phalam. Dhammamasankhatanti nibbanam. Appatikulam madhuramimam pagunam suvibhattanti pitakattayena vibhattam sabbadhammakkhandham. ^6- Ditthisilasanghatena samhatoti ^7- samgho. So atthato atthaariyapuggalasamuho. Vuttanhetam tasminneva vimane:- "yattha ca dinnamahapphalamahu catusu sucisu purisayugesu @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. tata, Ma. sukhassadata ² cha.Ma.,i. vidhatati @^3-3 cha.Ma. adhigatamagge sacchikatanirodhe yathanusittham patipajjamane ca catusu @⁴ an.catukka. 21/34/38 aggappasadasutta ⁵ khu.vimana. 26/887/91 chattamanavakavimana @⁶ cha.Ma.,i. vibhatta sabbadhammakkhandhati ⁷ ka. samghatatoti

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Attha ca puggaladhammadasa te samghamimam saranatthamupehi"ti. ^1- Bhikkhunam samgho bhikkhusamgho. Ettavata brahmano tini saranagamanani pativedesi. Idani tesu saranagamanesu kosallattham saranam, saranagamanam, yo ca saranam gacchati, saranagamanappabhedo, saranagamanaphalam, sankileso, bhedoti ayam vidhi veditabbo. Seyyathidam:- padatthato tava himsatiti saranam, saranam gatanam teneva saranagamanena bhayasantasadukkhaduggatiparikkilesam hanati vinasetiti attho, ratanattayassevetam adhivacanam. Athava hite pavattanena ahita ca nivattanena sattanam bhayam himsatiti buddho, bhavakantara uttaranena lokassa assasadanena ca dhammo, appakanampi karanam vipulaphalapatilabhakaranena samgho. Tasma iminapi pariyayena ratanattayam saranam. Tappasadataggarutahi vihatakileso tapparayanatakarappavatto cittuppado saranagamanam. Tamsamangisatto saranam gacchati, vuttappakarena cittuppadena "etani tini ratanani saranam, etani parayanan"ti evam upetiti attho. Evam tava saranam saranagamanam yo ca saranam gacchati idam tayam veditabbam. Saranagamanappabhede pana duvidham saranagamanam lokuttaram lokiyanca. ^2- Tattha lokuttaram ditthasaccanam maggakkhane saranagamanupakkilesasamucchedena arammanato nibbanarammanam hutva kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyam puthujjananam saranagamanupakkilesa- vikkhambhanena arammanato buddhadigunarammanam hutva ijjhati. Tam atthato buddhadisu tisu vatthusu saddhapatilabho, saddhamulika ca sammaditthi dasasu punnakiriyavatthusu ditthujukammanti ^3- vuccati. @Footnote: ¹ khu.vimana. 26/888/92 chattamanavakavimana ² cha.Ma. lokiyancati @³ cha.Ma. ditthijukammanti

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Tayidam catudha pavattati attasanniyyatanena tapparayanataya sissabhavupagamanena panipatenati. Tattha attasanniyyatanam nama "ajja adim katva aham attanam buddhassa niyyademi, dhammassa, samghassa"ti evam buddhadinam attapariccajanam. Tapparayanata nama "ajja adim katva aham buddhaparayano, dhammaparayano, samghaparayano iti mam dharetha"ti evam tapparayanabhavo. Sissabhavupagamanam nama "ajja adim katva aham buddhassa antevasiko, dhammassa, samghassa iti mam dharetha"ti evam sissabhavupagamo. Panipato nama "ajja adim katva aham abhivadanam paccupatthanam anjalikammam samicikammam buddhadinamyeva tinnam vatthunam karomi iti mam dharetha"ti evam buddhadisu paramanipaccakaro. Imesanhi catunnam akaranam annatarampi karontena gahitamyeva hoti saranagamanam. Apica "bhagavato attanam pariccajami, dhammassa, samghassa attanam pariccajami, jivitam pariccajami, pariccattoyeva me atta, pariccattameva me jivitam, jivitapariyantikam buddham saranam gacchami, buddho me saranam lenam tanan"ti evampi attasanniyyatanam veditabbam. "sattharanca vataham passeyyam, bhagavantameva passeyyam, sugatanca vataham passeyyam, bhagavantameva passeyyam, sammasambuddham ca vataham passeyyam, bhagavantameva passeyyan"ti ^1- evampi mahakassapassa saranagamanam ^2- viya sissabhavupagamanam datthabbam. "so aham vicarissami gama gamam pura puram namassamano sambuddham dhammassa ca sudhammatan"ti. ^3- Evampi alavakadinam saranagamanam viya tapparayanata veditabbati. ^4- "athakho brahmayu brahmano utthayasana ekamsam uttarasangam karitva bhagavato padesu @Footnote: ¹ sam.ni. 16/154/210 civarasutta ² cha.Ma. saranagamane @³ khu.su. 25/194/371, sam. sa. 15/246/259 alavakasutta ⁴ cha.Ma.,i. veditabba

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Sirasa nipatitva bhagavato padani mukhena ca paricumbati, panihi ca sambahati, ^1- namanca saveti brahmayu aham bho gotama brahmano, brahmayu aham bho gotama brahmano"ti ^2- evampi panipato datthabbo. So panesa natibhayacariyadakkhineyyavasena catubbidho hoti. Tattha dakkhineyya- panipatena saranagamanam hoti, na itarehi. Setthavaseneva hi saranam ganhati, setthavasena ca bhijjati. Tasma yo sakiyo va koliyo va "buddho amhakam natako"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saranam. Yo va "samano gotamo rajapujito mahanubhavo avandiyamano anatthampi kareyya"ti bhayena vandati, agahitameva hoti saranam. Yo va bodhisattakale bhagavato santike kinci uggahitam saramano buddhakale va:- "ekena bhoge bhunjeyya dvihi kammam payojaye catutthanca nidhapeyya apadasu bhavissati"ti ^3- evarupam anusasanim ^4- uggahetva "acariyo me"ti vandati, agahitameva hoti saranam. Yo pana "ayam loke aggadakkhineyyo"ti vandati, teneva gahitam hoti saranam. Evam gahitasaranasseva ^5- upasakassa va upasikaya va annatitthiyesu pabbajitampi natim "natako me ayan"ti vandato saranagamanam na bhijjati, pageva apabbajitam. Tatha rajanam bhayavasena vandato. So hi ratthapujitatta avandiyamano anatthampi kareyyati. Tatha yankinci sippam sikkhapakam titthiyampi "acariyo me ayan"ti vandatopi na bhijjatiti. Evam saranagamanappabhedo veditabbo. Ettha ca lokuttarassa saranagamanassa cattari samannaphalani vipakaphalam, @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. parisambahati ² Ma.Ma. 13/394/377 brahmayusutta @³ di.pa. 11/265/164 suhadamitta @⁴ Ma. anusasanam ⁵ cha.Ma.,i. gahitasaranassa ca

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Sabbadukkhakkhayo anisamsaphalam. Vuttanhetam:- "yo ca buddhanca dhammanca samghanca saranam gato cattari ariyasaccani sammappannaya passati. Dukkham dukkhasamuppadam dukkhassa ca atikkamam ariyancatthangikam maggam dukkhupasamagaminam. Etam kho saranam khemam etam saranamuttamam etam saranamagamma sabbadukkha pamuccati"ti. ^1- Apica niccato anupagamanadivasenapetassa anisamsaphalam veditabbam. Vuttanhetam:- "atthanametam bhikkhave anavakaso, yam ditthisampanno puggalo kanci sankharam niccato upagaccheyya, sukhato upagaccheyya, kanci dhammam attato upagaccheyya, mataram jivita voropeyya, pitaram jivita voropeyya, arahantam jivita voropeyya, padutthacitto tathagatassa lohitam uppadeyya, samgham bhindeyya, annam sattharam uddiseyya, netam thanam vijjati"ti. ^2- Lokiyassa pana saranagamanassa bhavasampadapi bhogasampadapi phalameva. Vuttanhetam:- "ye keci buddham saranam gatase na te gamissanti apayabhumim ^3- pahaya manusam deham devakayam paripuressanti"ti. ^4- @Footnote: ¹ khu.dha. 25/190-2/50-1 aggidattapurohitavatthu @² Ma.u. 14/128/114 bahudhatukasutta, @an.ekaka. 20/268-276/28-9 atthanapali: pathamavagga @³ Si.,i. apayam ⁴ sam.sa. 15/37/30 samayasutta

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Aparampi vuttam:- "athakho sakko devanamindo asitiya devatasahassehi saddhim yenayasma mahamoggallano tenupasankami .pe. Ekamantam thitam kho sakkam devanamindam ayasma mahamoggallano etadavoca `sadhu kho devanaminda buddhasaranagamanam hoti, buddhasaranagamanahetu kho devanaminda evamidhekacce satta kayassa bheda parammarana sugatim saggam lokam upapajjanti, te anne deve dasahi thanehi adhiganhanti dibbena ayuna dibbena vannena sukhena yasena adhipateyyena dibbehi rupehi saddehi gandhehi rasehi photthabbehi"ti. ^1- Esa nayo dhamme ca samghe ca. Apica velamasuttadivasenapi ^2- saranagamanassa phalaviseso veditabbo. Evam saranagamanaphalam veditabbam. Tattha ca lokiyasaranagamanam tisu vatthusu annanasamsayamicchananadihi sankilissati, na mahajutikam hoti na mahavippharam. Lokuttarassa natthi sankileso. Lokiyassa ca saranagamanassa duvidho bhedo savajjo ca anavajjo ca. Tattha savajjo annasattharadisu attasanniyyatanadihi hoti, so anitthaphalo. Anavajjo kalakiriyaya, so avipakatta aphalo. Lokuttarassa pana nevatthi bhedo. Bhavantarepi hi ariyasavako annam sattharam na uddisatiti evam saranagamanassa sankileso ca bhedo ca veditabbo. Upasakam mam bhavam gotamo dharetuti mam bhavam gotamo "upasako ayan"ti evam dharetu, janatuti attho. Upasakavidhikosallattham panettha ko upasako, kasma upasakoti vuccati, kimassa silam, ko ajivo, ka vipatti, ka sampattiti idam pakinnakam veditabbam. @Footnote: ¹ sam.sala. 18/530/337 moggallanasamyutta (sya) @² an.navaka. 23/224(20)/405 velamasutta (sya)

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Tattha ko upasakoti yokoci tisaranam gato gahattho. Vuttanhetam:- "yato kho mahanama upasako buddham saranam gato hoti, dhammam saranam gato hoti, samgham saranam gato hoti, ettavata kho mahanama upasako hoti"ti. ^1- Kasma upasakoti ratanattayassa upasanato. So hi buddham upasatiti upasako. Dhammam, samgham upasatiti upasakoti. Kimassa silanti panca veramaniyo. Yathaha:- "yato kho mahanama upasako panatipata pativirato hoti, adinnadana, kamesumicchacara, musavada, suramerayamajja- pamadatthana pativirato hoti. Ettavata kho mahanama upasako silava hoti"ti. ^1- Ko ajivoti panca micchavanijja pahaya dhammena samena jivikakappanam. Vuttanhetam:- "pancima bhikkhave vanijja upasakena akaraniya. Katama panca. Satthavanijja sattavanijja mamsavanijja majjavanijja visavanijja. Ima kho bhikkhave panca vanijja upasakena akaraniya"ti. ^2- Ka vipattiti ya tasseva silassa ca ajivassa ca vipatti, ayamassa vipatti. Apica yaya esa candalo ceva hoti malanca patikittho ^3- ca, sapi tassa vipattiti @Footnote: ¹ sam.Ma. 19/1033/343 mahanamasutta ² an.pancaka. 22/177/232 upasakavagga (sya) @³ cha.Ma. patikuttho. evamuparipi

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Veditabba. Te ca atthato assaddhiyadayo panca dhamma honti. Yathaha:- "pancahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannagato upasako upasaka- candalo ca hoti upasakamalanca upasakapatikittho ca. Katamehi pancahi. Assaddho hoti, dussilo hoti, kotuhalamangaliko hoti, mangalam pacceti no kammam, ito ca bahiddha dakkhineyyam pariyesati, tattha ca pubbakaram karoti"ti. ^1- Ka sampattiti ya cassa silasampada ca ajivasampada ca, sa sampatti. Ye cassa ratanabhavadikara saddhadayo panca dhamma yathaha:- "pancahi bhikkhave dhammehi samannagato upasako upasakaratanam ca hoti upasakapadumam ca upasakapundarikam ca. Katamehi pancahi. Saddho hoti, silava hoti, na kotuhalamangaliko hoti, kammam pacceti no mangalam, na ito bahiddha dakkhineyyam gavesati, idha ca pubbakaram karoti"ti. ^1- Ajjataggeti ettha ayam aggasaddo adikotikotthasasetthesu dissati. "ajjatagge samma dovarika avarami dvaram nigganthanam nigganthinan"tiadisu ^2- hi adimhi dissati. "teneva angulaggena tam angulaggam paramaseyya. ^3- Ucchuggam veluggan"tiadisu kotiyam. "ambilaggam va madhuraggam va tittakaggam va, ^4- anujanami bhikkhave viharaggena va parivenaggena va bhajetun"tiadisu ^5- kotthase. "yavata bhikkhave satta apada va .pe. Tathagato tesam aggamakkhayati"tiadisu ^6- setthe. @Footnote: ¹ an. pancaka. 22/175/230 upasakavagga (sya) ² Ma.Ma. 13/70/47 upalivadasutta @³ abhi. ka. 37/441/267 paccuppannananakatha ⁴ sam.Ma. 19/374/131 sudasutta @⁵ vi.cu. 7/318/89 senasanaggahapakasammati ⁶ an.catukka. 21/34/39 aggappasadasutta

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Idha panayam adimhi datthabbo. Tasma ajjataggeti ajjatam adim katvati evamettha attho datthabbo. ^1- Ajjatanti ajjabhavam. ^2- Ajjadaggetipi va patho, dakaro padasandhikaro, ajja aggam katvati attho. Panupetanti panehi upetam, yava me jivitam pavattati, tava upetam, anannasatthukam tihi saranagamanehi saranagatam upasakam kappiyakarakam mam bhavam gotamo dharetu janatu. Ahanhi sacepi me tikhinena asina sisam chindeyyum, neva buddham "na buddho"ti va dhammam "na dhammo"ti va samgham "na samgho"ti va vadeyyanti evam attasanniyyatanena saranam gantva catuhi paccayehi pavaretva utthayasana bhagavantam abhivadetva tikkhattum padakkhinam katva pakkamiti. [17] Sattame janussoniti janussoniti thanantaram kira nametam ^3- thanantaram, tam yena kulena laddham, tam janussonikulanti vuccati. Ayam hi ^4- tasmim kule jatatta ranno santika ^5- ca laddhajanussonisakkaratta janussoniti vuccati. Tenupasankamiti "samano kira gotamo pandito byatto bahussuto"ti sutva "sace so lingavibhattikarakadibhedam janissati, amhehi natameva janissati, annatam kim janissati. Natameva kathessati, annatam kim kathessati"ti cintetva manaddhajam paggayha sigham ukkhipitva mahaparivarehi parivuto yena bhagava tenupasankami. Katatta ca brahmana akatatta cati sattha tassa vacanam sutva "ayam brahmano idha agacchanto na janitukamo atthagavesi hutva agato, manaddhajam ^6- paggayha sigham ukkhipitva agato. Kinnu khvassa yatha panhaya attham ajanati, ^7- evam kathite vuddhi bhavissati, udahu yatha na janati"ti cintetva "yatha na janati, evam kathite vuddhi bhavissati"ti natva "katatta ca brahmana akatatta ca"ti aha. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. veditabbo ² Si. ajjabhavam ³ cha.Ma.,i. janussonithanantaram kira namekam @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. ayam saddo na dissati ⁵ cha.Ma.,i. santike ⁶ cha.Ma.,i. manam pana @⁷ cha.Ma.,i. janati

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Brahmano tam sutva "samano gotamo katattapi akatattapi niraye nibbattim vadati, idam ubhayakaranenapi ekatthane nibbattiya kathitatta dujjanam mahandhakaram, natthi mayham ettha patittha. Sace panaham ekanteneva ^1- tunhi bhaveyyam, brahmananam majjhe kathanakalepi mam evam vadeyyum `tvam samanassa gotamassa santike ^2- manam paggayha sigham ^3- ukkhipitva agatosi, ekavacaneneva tunhi hutva kinci vattum nasakkhi, imasmim thane kasma kathesi'ti. Tasma parajitopi aparajitasadiso hutva puna saggagamanapanham pucchissami"ti cintetva ko nu kho bho gotamati imam dutiyapanham arabhi. Evampi cassa ahosi "uparipanhena hetthapanham janissami, hetthapanhena uparipanhan"ti. Tasmapi imam panham pucchi. Sattha purimanayeneva cintetva yatha na janati, evameva kathento punapi "katatta ca brahmana akatatta ca"ti aha. Brahmano tasmim patitthatum asakkonto "alam kho pana ^4- idisassa purisassa santikam agatena janitva ^5- gantum vattati, sakavadam pahaya samanam gotamam anuvattitva mayham attham gavesissami, paralokamaggam sodhessami"ti sannitthanam katva sattharam ayacanto na kho ahantiadimaha. Athassa nihatamanatam natva sattha upari desanam vaddhento tenahi brahmanatiadimaha. Tattha tenahiti karananiddeso. Yasma sankhittena bhasitassa attham ajananto vittharadesanam yacasi, tasmati attho. Sesamettha uttanamevati. [18] Atthame ayasmati piyavacanametam. Anandoti tassa therassa namam. Ekamsenati ekantena. Anuviccati anupavisitva. Vinnuti pandita. Garahantiti nindanti, avannam bhasanti. Sesamettha uttanameva. Navame sabbam uttanameva. @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma.,i. ettakeneva ² cha.Ma.,i. santikam ³ cha.Ma. singam @⁴ cha.Ma.,i. na ⁵ cha.Ma. ajanitva

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[20] Dasame dunnikkhittanca padabyanjananti uppatipatiya gahitapalipadameva hi atthassa byanjanatta byanjananti vuccati. Ubhayametam paliyava namam. Attho ca dunnitoti parivattetva uppatipatiya gahita atthakatha. Dunnikkhittassa bhikkhave padabyanjanassa atthopi dunnayo hotiti parivattetva uppatipatiya gahitaya paliya atthakatha nama dunnaya ^1- dunnihara dukkatha nama hoti. Ekadasame vuttapatipakkhanayena attho veditabbo. Adhikaranavaggo dutiyo. --------------

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 15 page 10-28. http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_rm.php?B=15&A=209&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/pitaka_item/read_th.php?B=15&A=209&modeTY=2&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=20&i=257 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=20&A=1374 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=20&A=1350 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=20&A=1350 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 20 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_20