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บทนำ พระวินัยปิฎก พระสุตตันตปิฎก พระอภิธรรมปิฎก ค้นพระไตรปิฎก ชาดก หนังสือธรรมะ
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Atthakatha Book 47 : PALI ROMAN Paṭisaṃ.A.1 (saddhamma.1)

                        Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā
     [36] Maggasaccaniddese ayamevāti aññamaggappaṭikkhepanatthaṃ 1- niyamanaṃ.
Ariyoti taṃtaṃmaggavajjhakilesehi ārakattā, ariyabhāvakarattā, ariyaphalappaṭilābhakarattā
ca ariyo. Aṭṭha aṅgāni assāti aṭṭhaṅgiko. Svāyaṃ caturaṅgikā viya senā,
pañcaṅgikaṃ viya tūriyaṃ aṅgamattameva hoti, aṅgavinimutto natthi.
     Idāni aṅgamattameva maggo aṅgavinimutto natthīti dassento sammādiṭṭhi
.pe. Sammāsamādhītiādimāha. Tattha sammā dassanalakkhaṇā sammādiṭṭhi, sammā
abhiniropanalakkhaṇo sammāsaṅkappo, sammā pariggahalakkhaṇā sammāvācā, sammā
samuṭṭhāpanalakkhaṇo sammākammanto, sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sammāsati, sammā
paggahalakkhaṇo sammāvāyāmo, sammā upaṭṭhānalakkhaṇā sammāsati, sammā
samādhānalakkhaṇo sammāsamādhi. Tesu ekekassa tīṇi tīṇi kiccāni honti. Seyyathidaṃ,
sammādiṭṭhi tāva aññehipi attano paccanīkakilesehi saddhiṃ micchādiṭṭhiṃ pajahati,
nirodhañca ārammaṇaṃ karoti, sampayuttadhamme ca passati tappaṭicchādakamohavidhamanavasena
asammohato. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi tatheva micchāsaṅkappādīni ca pajahanti, nibbānañca
ārammaṇaṃ karonti. Visesato panettha sammāsaṅkappo sahajātadhamme sammā
abhiniropeti, sammāvācā sammā pariggaṇhāti, sammākammanto sammā samuṭṭhāpeti,
sammāājīvo sammā vodāpeti, sammāvāyāmo sammā paggaṇhāti, sammāsati
sammā upaṭṭhāpeti, sammāsamādhi sammā samādahati.
     Apicesā sammādiṭṭhi nāma pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā hoti,
maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Kiccato pana "dukkhe ñāṇan"tiādīni cattāri
nāmāni labhati. Sammāsaṅkappādayopi pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇā nānārammaṇā honti,
@Footnote: 1 abhi.A. 2/105/122
Maggakāle ekakkhaṇā ekārammaṇā. Tesu sammāsaṅkappo kiccato nekkhamma-
saṅkappotiādīni tīṇi nāmāni labhati. Sammāvācādayo tayo pubbabhāge viratiyopi
honti cetanāyopi, maggakkhaṇe pana viratiyoyeva. Sammāvāyāmo sammāsatīti idampi
dvayaṃ kiccato sammappadhānasatipaṭṭhānavasena cattāri nāmāni labhati. Sammāsamādhi
pana pubbabhāgepi maggakkhaṇepi sammāsamādhiyeva.
     Iti imesu aṭṭhasu dhammesu bhagavatā nibbānādhigamāya paṭipannassa yogino
bahūpakārattā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā. Ayaṃ hi "paññāpajjoto paññāsatthan"ti 1-
ca vuttā. Tasmā etāya pubbabhāge vipassanāñāṇasaṅkhātāya sammādiṭṭhiyā
avijjandhakāraṃ vidhamitvā kilesacore ghātento khemena yogāvacaro nibbānaṃ
pāpuṇāti. Tasmā paṭhamaṃ sammādiṭṭhi desitā.
     Sammāsaṅkappo pana tassā bahūpakāro. Tasmā tadanantaraṃ vutto. Yathā
hi heraññiko hatthena parivattetvā parivattetvā cakkhunā kahāpaṇaṃ olokento
"ayaṃ kūṭo ayaṃ cheko"ti jānāti, evaṃ yogāvacaropi pubbabhāge vitakkena vitakketvā
vitakketvā vipassanāpaññāya olokayamāno "ime dhammā kāmāvacarā, ime
rūpāvacarādayo"ti jānāti. Yathā vā pana purisena koṭiyaṃ gahetvā parivattetvā
parivattetvā dinnaṃ mahārukkhaṃ tacchako vāsiyā tacchetvā kamme upaneti,
evaṃ vitakkena vitakketvā vitakketvā dinnadhamme yogāvacaro paññāya "ime
kāmāvacarā, ime rūpāvacarā"tiādinā nayena paricchinditvā kamme upaneti. Tasmā
sammāsaṅkappo sammādiṭṭhānantaraṃ vutto.
     Svāyaṃ yathā sammādiṭṭhiyā, evaṃ sammāvācāyapi upakārako. Yathāha "pubbe
kho gahapati vitakketvā vicāretvā pacchā vācaṃ bhindatī"ti. 2- Tasmā tadanantaraṃ
sammāvācā vuttā.
@Footnote: 1 abhi.saṅ. 34/24 2 Ma.mū. 12/463/413
     Yasmā pana "idañcidañca karissāmā"ti paṭhamaṃ vācāya saṃvidahitvā loke
kammante payojenti. Tasmā vācā kāyakammassa upakārikāti sammāvācāya anantaraṃ
sammākammanto vutto.
     Catubbidhaṃ pana vacīduccaritaṃ, tividhaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ pahāya ubhayaṃ sucaritaṃ
pūrentasseva yasmā ājīvaṭṭhamakasīlaṃ pūrati, na itarassa, tasmā tadubhayānantaraṃ
sammāājīvo vutto.
     Evaṃ visuddhājīvena pana "parisuddho me ājīvo"ti ettāvatā paritosaṃ
katvā suttappamattena viharituṃ na yuttaṃ, atha kho sabbairiyāpathesu idaṃ
vīriyamārabhitabbanti dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāvāyāmo vutto.
     Tato āraddhavīriyenāpi kāyādīsu catūsu vatthūsu sati sūpaṭṭhitā kātabbāti
dassetuṃ tadanantaraṃ sammāsati vuttā.
     Yasmā pana evaṃ sūpaṭṭhitāya satiyā samādhissa upakārānupakārānaṃ dhammānaṃ
gatiyo samanvesitvā 1- pahoti ekattārammaṇe cittaṃ samādhātuṃ, tasmā
sammāsatianantaraṃ sammāsamādhi vuttoti veditabboti.
     Sammādiṭṭhiniddese "dukkhe ñāṇan"tiādinā catusaccakammaṭṭhānaṃ dassitaṃ.
Tattha purimāni dve saccāni vaṭṭaṃ, pacchimāni dve vivaṭṭaṃ, tesu bhikkhuno vaṭṭe
kammaṭṭhānābhiniveso hoti, vivaṭṭe natthi abhiniveso. Purimāni hi dve saccāni
"pañcakkhandhā dukkhaṃ, taṇhā samudayo"ti evaṃ saṅkhepena ca, "katame pañcakkhandhā,
rūpakkhandho"tiādinā nayena vitthārena ca ācariyasantike uggaṇhitvā vācāya
punappunaṃ parivattento yogāvacaro kammaṃ karoti. Itaresu pana dvīsu saccesu
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. samannesitvā
"nirodhasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpaṃ, maggasaccaṃ iṭṭhaṃ kantaṃ manāpan"ti evaṃ savaneneva
kammaṃ karoti. So evaṃ kammaṃ karonto cattāri saccāni ekapaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati,
ekābhisamayena abhisameti. Dukkhaṃ pariññāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, samudayaṃ pahānap-
paṭivedhena paṭivijjhati. Nirodhaṃ sacchikiriyāpaṭivedhena paṭivijjhati, maggaṃ bhāvanā-
paṭivedhena paṭivijjhati. Dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena .pe. Maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisameti.
     Evamassa pubbabhāge dvīsu saccesu uggahaparipucchāsavanadhāraṇasammasanappaṭivedho
hoti, dvīsu savanappaṭivedhoyeva. Aparabhāge tīsu kiccato paṭivedho hoti nirodhe
ārammaṇappaṭivedho. Tattha sabbampi paṭivedhañāṇaṃ lokuttaraṃ, savanadhāraṇasammasanañāṇaṃ
lokiyaṃ kāmāvacaraṃ. Paccavekkhaṇā pana pattasaccassa hoti, ayañca ādikammiko.
Tasmā sā idha na vuttā. Imassa ca bhikkhuno pubbe pariggahato "dukkhaṃ parijānāmi,
samudayaṃ pajahāmi, nirodhaṃ sacchikaromi, maggaṃ bhāvemī"ti ābhogasamannāhāramanasikāra-
paccavekkhaṇā natthi, pariggahato paṭṭhāya hoti. Aparabhāge pana dukkhaṃ pariññātameva
hoti .pe. Maggo bhāvitova hoti.
     Tattha dve saccāni duddasattā gambhīrāni, dve gambhīrattā duddasāni.
Dukkhasaccaṃ hi uppattito pākaṭaṃ, khāṇukaṇṭakappahārādīsu "aho dukkhan"ti
vattabbatampi āpajjati. Samudayasaccaṃ khāditukāmatābhuñjitukāmatādivasena uppattito
pākaṭaṃ. Lakkhaṇappaṭivedhato pana ubhayampi gambhīraṃ. Iti tāni duddasattā gambhīrāni.
Itaresaṃ pana dvinnaṃ dassanatthāya payogo bhavaggaggahaṇatthaṃ hatthappasāraṇaṃ viya,
avīciphusanatthaṃ pādappasāraṇaṃ viya, satadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭipaṭipādanaṃ
viya ca hoti. Iti tāni gambhīrattā duddasāni. Evaṃ duddasattā gambhīresu
gambhīrattā ca duddasesu catūsu saccesu uggahādivasena pubbabhāgañāṇuppattiṃ sandhāya
idaṃ "dukkhe ñāṇan"tiādi vuttaṃ. Paṭivedhakkhaṇe pana ekameva taṃ ñāṇaṃ hoti.
     Apare panāhu:- catubbidhaṃ saccesu ñāṇaṃ sutamayañāṇaṃ vavatthānañāṇaṃ
sammasanañāṇaṃ abhisamayañāṇanti. Tattha katamaṃ sutamayañāṇaṃ? saṅkhittena vā vitthārena
vā cattāri saccāni sutvā jānāti "idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ayaṃ samudayo, ayaṃ nirodho,
ayaṃ maggo"ti idaṃ sutamayañāṇaṃ. Katamaṃ vavatthānañāṇaṃ? so sutānaṃ atthaṃ
upaparikkhati dhammato ca lakkhaṇato ca "ime dhammā imasmiṃ sacce pariyāpannā,
imassa saccassa idaṃ lakkhaṇan"ti sanniṭṭhānaṃ karoti. Idaṃ vavatthānañāṇaṃ. Katamaṃ
sammasanañāṇaṃ? so evaṃ yathānupabbaṃ cattāri saccāni vavatthāpetvā atha dukkhameva
gahetvā yāva gotrabhuñāṇaṃ aniccato dukkhato anattato sammasati, idaṃ sammasanañāṇaṃ.
Katamaṃ abhisamayañāṇaṃ? lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe ekena ñāṇena cattāri saccāni
Apubbaṃ acarimaṃ abhisameti "dukkhaṃ pariññābhisamayena, samudayaṃ pahānābhisamayena, nirodhaṃ
sacchikiriyābhisamayena maggaṃ bhāvanābhisamayena abhisametī"ti, idaṃ abhisamayañāṇanti.
     Sammāsaṅkappaniddese kāmato nissaṭoti nekkhammasaṅkapPo. Byāpādato
nissaṭoti abyāpādasaṅkapPo. Vihiṃsāya nissaṭoti avihiṃsāsaṅkapPo. Tattha
nekkhammavitakko kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati,
abyāpādavitakko byāpādavitakkassa, avihiṃsāvitakko vihiṃsāvitakkassa. Tathā
nekkhammaabyāpādaavihiṃsāvitakkā kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakkānaṃ paccanīkā hutvā
uppajjanti.
     Tattha yogāvacaro kāmavitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ vā sammasati aññaṃ
vā pana kiñci saṅkhāraṃ. Athassa vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayuttasaṅkappo
tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padacchedaṃ. Karonto uppajjati, vipassanaṃ
ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpeti. Athassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayutto saṅkappo
samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa padaghātaṃ padapacchedaṃ karonto uppajjati.
Byāpādavitakkassapi padaghātanatthaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ
Vihiṃsāvitakkassa padaghātanatthaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ vā aññaṃ vā saṅkhāraṃ sammasati. Athassa
vipassanākkhaṇeti sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ.
     Kāmavitakkādīnaṃ tiṇṇampi pāḷiyaṃ vibhattesu aṭṭhattiṃsārammaṇesu eka-
kammaṭṭhānampi apaccanīkaṃ nāma natthi. Ekantato pana kāmavitakkassa tāva asubhesu
paṭhamajjhānameva paccanīkaṃ, byāpādavitakkassa mettāya tikacatukkajjhānāni,
vihiṃsāvitakkassa karuṇāya tikacatukkajjhānāni. Tasmā asubhaparikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ
samāpannassa samāpattikkhaṇe jhānasampayutto vitakko vikhambhanavasena kāmavitakkassa
paccanīko hutvā uppajjati, jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapentassa
vipassanākkhaṇe vipassanāsampayutto saṅkappo tadaṅgavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko
hutvā uppajjati, vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā maggaṃ pāpentassa maggakkhaṇe
maggasampayutto saṅkappo samucchedavasena kāmavitakkassa paccanīko hutvā uppajjati.
Evaṃ uppanno nekkhammasaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo.
     Mettāya pana parikammaṃ katvā, karuṇāya parikammaṃ katvā jhānaṃ samāpannassāti
sabbaṃ purimanayeneva yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ uppanno abyāpādasaṅkappoti vuccati,
avihiṃsāsaṅkappoti vuccatīti veditabbo. Evamete nekkhammasaṅkappādayo
vipassanājhānavasena uppattīnaṃ nānattā pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana imesu tīsu
ṭhānesu uppannassa akusalasaṅkappassa padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ
pūrayamāno ekova kusalasaṅkappo uppajjati, ayaṃ sammāsaṅkappo nāma.
     Sammāvācāniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena musāvādā viramati, aññena
aññena pisuṇāvācādīhi, tasmā catassopetā veramaṇiyo pubbabhāge nānā,
maggakkhaṇe pana micchāvācāsaṅkhātāya catubbidhāya akusaladussīlyacetanāya padacchedato
anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāvācāsaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇī
uppajjati, ayaṃ sammāvācā nāma.
     Sammākammantaniddesepi yasmā aññeneva cittena pāṇātipātā viramati,
aññena adinnādānā, aññena micchācārā, tasmā tissopetā veramaṇiyo
pubbabhāge nānā, maggakkhaṇe pana micchākammantasaṅkhātāya tividhāya akusala-
dussīlyacetanāya padacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ purayamānā ekāva
sammākammantasaṅkhātā kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati, ayaṃ sammākammanto nāma.
     Sammāājīvaniddese idhāti imasmiṃ sāsane. Ariyasāvakoti ariyassa
buddhassa sāvako. Micchāājīvaṃ pahāyāti pāpakaṃ ājīvaṃ pajahitvā. Sammā-
ājīvenāti buddhappasaṭṭhena kusalaājīvena. Jīvikaṃ kappetīti jīvitappavattiṃ pavatti.
Idhāpi yasmā aññeneva cittena kāyadvāravītikkamā vinamati, aññeneva vacīdvāra-
vītikkamā, tasmā pubbabhāge nānākkhaṇesu uppajjati, maggakkhaṇe pana dvīsu
dvāresu sattannaṃ kammapathānaṃ vasena uppannāya micchāājīvadussīlyacetanā
padapacchedato anuppattisādhanavasena maggaṅgaṃ pūrayamānā ekāva sammāājīvasaṅkhātā
kusalaveramaṇī uppajjati, ayaṃ sammāājīvo nāma.
     Sammāvāyāmaniddese idha bhikkhūti imasmiṃ sāsane paṭipannako bhikkhu.
Anuppannānanti anibbattānaṃ. Pāpakānanti lāmakānaṃ. Akusalalānaṃ dhammānanti
akosallasambhūtānaṃ dhammānaṃ. Anuppādāyāti na uppādanatthāya. Chandaṃ janetīti
kattukamyatāsaṅkhātaṃ kusalacchandaṃ janeti uppādeti. Vāyamatīti payogaṃ janeti parakkamaṃ
karoti. Vīriyaṃ ārabhatīti kāyikacetasikaṃ vīriyaṃ karoti. Cittaṃ paggaṇhātīti teneva
sahajātavīriyena cittaṃ ukkhipati. Padahatīti padhānavīriyaṃ karoti. Paṭipāṭiyā panetāni
cattāri padāni āsevanābhāvanābahulīkammasātaccakiriyāhi yojetabbāni.
     Uppannānanti anuppannānanti avattabbataṃ āpannānaṃ. Pahānāyāti
pajahanatthāya. Anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānanti anibbattānaṃ kosallasambhūtānaṃ
dhammānaṃ. Uppādāyāti uppādanatthāya. Uppannānanti nibbattānaṃ. Ṭhitiyāti
Ṭhitatthāya. Asammosāyāti anassanatthaṃ. Bhiyyobhāvāyāti punappunaṃ bhāvāya.
Vepullāyāti vipulabhāvāya. Bhāvanāyāti vaḍḍhiyā. Pāripūriyāti paripūraṇatthāya.
     Ete pana sammāvāyāmasaṅkhātā cattāro sammappadhānā pubbabhāge lokiyā,
maggakkhaṇe lokuttaRā. Maggakkhaṇe pana ekameva vīriyaṃ catukiccasādhanavasena cattāri
nāmāni labhati. Tattha lokiyā kassapasaṃyutte vuttanayeneva veditabbā. Vuttaṃ hi
tattha.
          ("cattārome āvuso sammappadhānā, katame cattāro.) 1-
       idhāvuso bhikkhu anuppannā me pāpakā akusalā dhammā uppajjamānā
       anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti, uppannā me pāpakā
       akusalā dhammā appahīyamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karoti,
       anuppannā me kusalā dhammā anuppajjamānā anatthāya saṃvatteyyunti
       ātappaṃ karoti, uppannā me kusalā dhammā nirujjhamānā anatthāya
       saṃvatteyyunti ātappaṃ karotī"ti. 2-
     Tattha ca anuppannāti asamudācāravasena vā ananubhūtārammaṇavasena vā
anuppannā. Aññathā hi anamatagge saṃsāre anuppannā pāpakā akusalā dhammā
nāma natthi, anuppannā pana uppajjamānāpi eteyeva uppajjanti, pahīyamānāpi
eteyeva pahīyanti.
     Tattha ekaccassa vattaganthadhutaṅgasamādhivipassanānavakammabhavānaṃ aññataravasena
kilesā na samudācaranti. Kathaṃ? ekacco hi vattasampanno hoti. Asīti khandhakavattāni 3-
cuddasa mahāvattāni 4- cetiyaṅgaṇabodhiyaṅgaṇapānīyamāḷakauposathāgāraāgantukagamikavattāni
@Footnote: 1 pāḷiyaṃ. ime pāṭhā na dissanti 2 saṃ.ni. 16/145/189
@3 vi.cūḷa. 7/243/1 4 vi.cūḷa. 7/356/153
Ca karontasseva kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa vattāni
vissajjetvā bhinnavattassa carato ayonisomanasikāraṃ sativossaggañca āgamma
uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.
     Ekacco ganthayutto hoti, ekampi nikāyaṃ gaṇhāti dvepi tayopi
cattāropi pañcapi. Tassa tepiṭakaṃ buddhavacanaṃ atthavasena pāḷivasena anusandhivasena
pubbāparavasena gaṇhantassa sajjhāyantassa cintentassa vācentassa desentassa
pakāsentassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa ganthakammaṃ pahāya
kusītassa carato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi
asamudācāravasena anuppajjanti nāma.
     Ekacco pana dhutaṅgadharo hoti, terasa dhutaṅgaguṇe samādāya vattati, tassa
dhutaṅgaguṇe pariharantassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa dhutaṅgāni
vissajjetvā bāhullāya āvattassa carato ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma
uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.
     Ekacco aṭṭhasu samāpattīsu ciṇṇavasī hoti, tassa paṭhamajjhānādīsu
āvajjanavasīādivasena viharantassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa
parihīnajjhānassa vā vissaṭṭhajjhānassa vā bhassādīsu anuyuttassa viharato
ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena
anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.
     Ekacco pana vipassako hoti, sattasu vā anupassanāsu 1- aṭṭhārasasu vā
mahāvipassanāsu 2- kammaṃ karonti viharanti, tassa evaṃ viharato kilesā okāsaṃ
na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa vipassanākammaṃ pahāya kāyadaḷhībahulassa viharato
@Footnote: 1 khu.paṭi. 31/726/622 2 khu.paṭi. 31/60(22)/34
Ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena
anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.
     Ekacco navakammiko hoti, uposathāgārabhojanasālādīni karoti, tassa tesaṃ
upakaraṇāni cintentassa kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti. Aparabhāge panassa navakamme
niṭṭhite vā vissaṭṭhe vā ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma uppajjanti.
Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma
     ekacco pana brahmalokato āgato suddhasatto hoti, tassa anāsevanāya
kilesā okāsaṃ na labhanti aparabhāge panassa laddhāsevanassa ayonisomanasikāra-
sativossagge āgamma uppajjanti. Evampi asamudācāravasena anuppannā uppaj-
janti nāma. Evaṃ tāva asamudācāravasena anuppannatā veditabbā.
     Kathaṃ ananubhūtārammaṇavasena? idhekacco ananubhūtapubbaṃ manāpikādibhedaṃ
Ārammaṇaṃ labhati, tassa tattha ayonisomanasikārasativossagge āgamma rāgādayo
kilesā uppajjanti. Evaṃ ananubhūtārammaṇavasena anuppannā uppajjanti nāma.
Evaṃ anuppannānaṃ akusalānaṃ uppāde sati attano anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ
anuppādāya satipaṭṭhānabhāvanānuyogena paṭhamaṃ sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti, uppannesu
pana tesu tesaṃ appahānato attano anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ pahānāya dutiyaṃ
tatheva sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti.
     Anuppannā kusalā dhammāti samathavipassanā ceva maggo ca. Tesaṃ
anuppāde attano anatthaṃ passitvā tesaṃ uppādanatthāya tatheva tatiyaṃ
sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti. Uppannā kusalā dhammāti samathavipassanāva. Maggo pana
sakiṃ uppajjitvā nirujjhamāno anatthāya saṃvattanako nāma natthi. So hi
phalassa paccayaṃ datvāva nirujjhati. Tāsaṃ samathavipassanānaṃ nirodhato attano
Anatthaṃ passitvā tāsaṃ ṭhitiyā catutthaṃ sammappadhānaṃ bhāveti. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe
pana ekameva vīriyaṃ.
     Ye evaṃ anuppannā uppajjeyyuṃ, te yathā neva uppajjanti, evaṃ tesaṃ
anuppannānaṃ anuppādakiccaṃ, uppannānañca pahānakiccaṃ sādheti. Uppannāti
cettha catubbidhaṃ uppannaṃ vattamānuppannaṃ bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ 1- okāsakatuppannaṃ
bhūmiladdhuppannanti. Tattha sabbampi uppādajarābhaṅgasamaṅgīsaṅkhātaṃ vattamānuppannaṃ
nāma. Ārammaṇarasaṃ anubhavitvā niruddhaṃ anubhūtāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ kusalākusalaṃ
uppādādittayamanuppatvā niruddhaṃ bhutvā pagatasaṅkhātaṃ sesasaṅkhatañca
bhūtāpagatuppannaṃ nāma. "yānissa tāni pubbe katāni kammānī"ti evamādinā 2- nayena
vuttaṃ kammaṃ atītampi samānaṃ aññaṃ vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ
katvā ṭhitattā tathā katokāsañca vipākaṃ anuppannampi samānaṃ evaṃ kate okāse
ekantena uppajjanato okāsakatuppannaṃ nāma. Tāsu tāsu bhūmīsu asamūhataṃ akusalaṃ
bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ nāma.
     Ettha ca bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Bhūmīti hi
vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā. Bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma tesu khandhesu
uppattirahaṃ kilesajātaṃ. Tena hi sā bhūmiladdhā nāma hotīti tasmā bhūmiladdhanti
vuccati. Sā ca kho na ārammaṇavasena. Ārammaṇavasena hi sabbepi atītānāgate
pariññātepi ca khīṇāsavānaṃ khandhe ārabbha kilesā uppajjanti. Yadi ca taṃ
bhūmiladdhannāma siyā, tassa appaheyyato na koci bhavamūlaṃ pajaheyya. Vatthuvasena
pana bhūmiladdhaṃ veditabbaṃ. Yattha yattha hi vipassanāya apariññātā khandhā uppajjanti,
tattha tattha uppādato pabhuti tesu vaṭṭamūlaṃ kilesajātaṃ anuseti. Taṃ appahīnaṭṭhena
bhūmiladdhanti veditabbaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 Sī. bhutvā vigatuppannaṃ (abhi.A. 2/390/319, Ma.A. 3/183 piṭṭhe)
@2 Ma.u. 14/284/215
     Tattha ca yassa yesu khandhesu appahīnaṭṭhena anusayitā kilesā, tassa te
eva khandhā tesaṃ kilesānaṃ vatthu, na aññesaṃ santakā khandhā. Atītakkhandhesu
ca appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ atītakkhandhāva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo
anāgatādīsu. Tathā kāmāvacarakkhandhesu appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ kāmāvacarak-
khandhā eva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo rūpārūpāvacararesu. Sotāpannādīsu pana
yassa ariyapuggalassa khandhesu taṃ taṃ vaṭṭamūlakaṃ kilesajātaṃ tena tena maggena
pahīnaṃ, tassa tassa te te khandhā pahīnānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ vaṭṭamūlakānaṃ kilesānaṃ
avatthuto bhūmīti saṅkhaṃ na labhanti. Puthujjanassa sabbaso vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ appahīnattā
yaṃ kiñci kariyamānaṃ kammaṃ kusalamakusalaṃ vā hoti, iccassa kammakilesappaccayāva
vaṭṭaṃ vaṭṭati, tasseva taṃ vaṭṭamūlaṃ rūpakkhandheyeva, na vedanādīsu. Viññāṇakkhandheyeva
vā, na rūpakkhandhādīsūti na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? avisesena pañcasupi khandhesu
anusayitattā. Kathaṃ? paṭhavīrasādi viya rukkhe. Yathā hi mahārukkhe paṭhavītalaṃ adhiṭṭhāya
paṭhavīrasañca nissāya tappaccayā mūlakhandhasākhāpasākhāpallavapalāsapupphaphalehi
vaḍḍhitvā nabhaṃ pūretvā yāva kappāvasānā bījaparamparāya rukkhapaveṇiṃ santānayamāne 1-
ṭhite taṃ paṭhavīrasādimūleyeva, na khandhādīsu. Phaleyeva vā, na mūlādīsūti
na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā?  avasesena sabbesu mūlādīsu anugatattāti. Yathā pana tasseva
rukkhassa pupphaphalādīsu nibbinno koci puriso catūsu disāsu maṇḍūkakaṇṭakaṃ nāma
visakaṇṭakaṃ ākoṭeyya, atha so rukkho tena visasamphassena phuṭṭho paṭhavīrasaāporasānaṃ
pariyādinnattā appasavadhammataṃ āgamma puna santānaṃ nibbattetuṃ na sakkuṇeyya,
evameva khandhappavattiyaṃ nibbinno kulaputto tassa purisassa catūsu disāsu rukkhe
vīsayojanaṃ viya attano santāne catumaggabhāvanaṃ ārabhati. Athassa so khandhasantāno
tena catumaggavisasamphassena phuṭṭho sabbaso vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ pariyādinnattā kiriyā
bhāvamattaṃ upagatakāyakammādisabbakammappabhedo hutvā āyatiṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī.,Ma. rukkhapaveṇiṃ sandhārayamāne
Punabbhavānabhinibbattanadhammataṃ āgamma bhavantarasantānaṃ nibbattetuṃ na sakkoti, kevalaṃ
carimaviññāṇanirodhena nirindhano viya jātavedo anupādāno parinibbāyati. Evaṃ bhūmiyā
bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ.
     Aparampi catubbidhaṃ uppannaṃ samudācāruppannaṃ ārammaṇādhiggahituppannaṃ
avikkhambhituppannaṃ asamūhatuppannanti. Tattha vattamānuppannameva samudācārup-
pannaṃ. Cakkhādīnaṃ pana āpāthagate ārammaṇe pubbabhāge anuppajjamānampi
kilesajātaṃ ārammaṇassa adhiggahitattā eva aparabhāge ekantena uppattito
ārammaṇādhiggahituppannanti vuccati. Samathavipassanānaṃ aññataravasena avikkhambhitaṃ
kilesajātaṃ cittasantatimanāruḷhampi uppattinivārakassa hetuno abhāvā
avikkhambhituppannaṃ nāma. Samathavipassanāvasena pana vikkhambhitampi ariyamaggena
asamūhatattā uppattidhammataṃ anatītattā asamūhatuppannanti vuccati. Tividhampicetaṃ
ārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatuppannaṃ bhūmiladdheneva saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti
veditabbaṃ.
     Iccetasmiṃ vuttappabhede uppanne yadetaṃ vattamānabhūtāpagatokāsakata-
samudācārasaṅkhātaṃ uppannaṃ, taṃ amaggavajjhattā kenaci maggañāṇena pahātabbaṃ
na hoti. Yaṃ panetaṃ bhūmiladdhārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatasaṅkhātaṃ uppannaṃ,
tassa taṃ uppannabhāvaṃ nāsayamānaṃ yasmā taṃ taṃ lokiyalokuttarañāṇaṃ uppajjati,
tasmā taṃ sabbampi pahātabbaṃ hotīti. Evaṃ ye maggo kilese pajahati, te
sandhāya "uppannānan"tiādi vuttaṃ.
     Atha maggakkhaṇe kathaṃ anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ uppādāya bhāvanā hoti,
kathañca uppannānaṃ ṭhitiyāti? maggappavattiyā eva. Maggo hi pavattamāno pubbe
anuppannapubbattā anuppanno nāma vuccati. Anāgatapubbaṃ hi ṭhānaṃ āgantvā
ananubhūtapubbaṃ vā ārammaṇaṃ anubhavitvā vattāro bhavanti "anāgataṭṭhānaṃ āgatamha,
Ananubhūtaṃ ārammaṇaṃ anubhavāmā"ti. Yāvassa pavatti, ayameva ṭhiti nāmāti ṭhitiyā
bhāvetī"tipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Evametassa bhikkhuno idaṃ lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe ekameva
vīriyaṃ "anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāyā"tiādīni cattāri
nāmāni labhati. Ayaṃ lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe sammappadhānakathā. Evamettha lokuttaramissakā
sammappadhānā niddiṭṭhā.
     Sammāsatiniddese kāyeti rūpakāye. Rūpakāyo hi idha aṅgapaccaṅgānaṃ
kesādīnañca dhammānaṃ samūhaṭṭhena hatthikāyarathakāyādayo viya kāyoti adhippeto.
Yathā ca samūhaṭṭhena, evaṃ kucchitānaṃ āyaṭṭhena. Kucchitānaṃ hi paramajegucchānaṃ
so āyotipi kāyo. Āyoti uppattideso. Tatrāyaṃ vacanattho:- āyanti
tatoti āyo. Ke āyanti? kucchitā kesādayo. Iti kucchitānaṃ āyoti kāyo.
     Kāyānupassīti kāyaṃ anupassanasīlo, kāyaṃ vā anupassamāno. Kāyeti ca
vatvāpi puna kāyānupassīti dutiyaṃ kāyaggahaṇaṃ asammissato vavatthānaghana-
vinibbhogādidassanatthaṃ katanti veditabbaṃ. Tena na kāye 1- vedanānupassī
cittadhammānupassī vā, atha kho kāyānupassīyevāti kāyasaṅkhāte vatthusmiṃ
kāyānupassanākārasseva dassanena asammissato vavatthānaṃ dassitaṃ hoti. Tathā
na kāye aṅgapaccaṅgavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, nāpi kesalomādivinimuttaitthi-
purisānuppasSī. Yopi cettha kesalomādiko bhūtupādāyasamūhasaṅkhāto kāyo,
tatthāpi na bhūtupādāyavinimuttaekadhammānupassī, atha kho rathasambhārānupassako viya
aṅgapaccaṅgasamūhānupassī, nagarāvayavānupassako viya kesalomādisamūhānupassī,
kadalikkhandhapattavaṭṭivinibhujjako viya rittamuṭṭhiviniveṭhako viya ca bhūtupādāya-
samūhānupassīyevāti samūhavaseneva kāyasaṅkhātassa vatthuno nānappakārato dassanena
ghanavinibbhogo dassito hoti. Na hettha yathāvuttasamūhavinimutto kāyo vā itthī
@Footnote: 1 Sī. kāyeyeva
Vā puriso vā añño vā koci dhammo dissati, yathāvuttadhammasamūhamatteyeva
pana tathā tathā sattā micchābhinivesaṃ karonti. Tenāhu porāṇā:-
           "yaṃ passati na taṃ diṭṭhaṃ     yaṃ diṭṭhaṃ taṃ na passati
            apassaṃ bajjhate mūḷho    bajjhamāno na muccatī"ti.
     Ghanavinibbhogādidassanatthanti vuttaṃ. Ādisaddena cettha ayampi attho
veditabbo. Ayaṃ hi etasmiṃ kāye kāyānupassīyeva, na aññadhammānupasSī. Kiṃ
vuttaṃ hoti? yathā anudakabhūtāyapi marīciyā udakānupassino honti, na evaṃ
aniccadukkhānattāsubhabhūteyeva imasmiṃ kāye niccasukhattasubhabhāvānupassī, atha kho
kāyānupassī aniccadukkhānattāsubhākārasamūhānupassīyevāti vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā
yvāyaṃ mahāsatipaṭṭhāne "idha bhikkhave bhikkhu araññagato vā rukkhamūlagato vā
.pe. So satova assasatī"tiādinā 1- nayena assāsapassāsādicuṇṇakajātaaṭṭhika-
pariyosāno kāyo vutto, yo ca parato satipaṭṭhānakathāyaṃ "idhekacco paṭhavīkāyaṃ
aniccato anupassati, āpokāyaṃ tejokāyaṃ, vāyokāyaṃ, kesakāyaṃ, lomakāyaṃ, chavikāyaṃ,
cammakāyaṃ, maṃsakāyaṃ, ruhirakāyaṃ, nhārukāyaṃ, aṭṭhikāyaṃ, aṭṭhimiñjakāyan"ti 2-
kāyo vutto, tassa sabbassa imasmiṃyeva kāye anupassanato kāye kāyānupassatīti
evampi attho daṭṭhabbo.
     Atha vā kāye ahanti vā mamanti vā evaṃ gahetabbassa kassaci ananupassanato
tassa tasseva pana kesalomādikassa nānādhammasamūhassa anupassanato kāye
kesādidhammasamūhasaṅkhātakāyānupassīti evamattho daṭṭhabbo. Apica "imasmiṃ kāye
aniccato anupassati, no niccato"tiādinā 3- anukkamena parato āgatanayassa
@Footnote: 1 dī.mahā. 10/374/248 Ma.mū.. 12/107/77
@2 khu.paṭi. 31/35/441 3 khu.paṭi. 31/35/441
Sabbasseva aniccalakkhaṇādino ākārasamūhasaṅkhātassa kāyassa anupassanatopi kāye
kāyānupassīti evampi attho daṭṭhabbo. Ayaṃ pana catusatipaṭṭhānasādhāraṇo attho.
     Kāye kāyānupassīti assāsapassāsakāyādike bahudhā vutte kāye ekeka-
kāyānupasSī. Viharatīti catūsu iriyāpathavihāresu aññataravihārasamāyogaparidīpanametaṃ,
ekaṃ iriyāpathabādhanaṃ aññena iriyāpathena vicchinditvā apatamānaṃ attānaṃ harati
pavattetīti attho. Ātāpīti kāyapariggāhakavīriyasamāyogaparidīpanametaṃ. So hi yasmā
tasmiṃ samaye yaṃ taṃ vīriyaṃ tīsu bhavesu kilesānaṃ ātāpanato ātāpoti vuccati,
tena samannāgato hoti, tasmā "ātāpī"ti vuccati. Sampajānoti kāyapariggāhakena
sampajaññasaṅkhātena ñāṇena samannāgato. Satimāti kāyapariggāhikāya satiyā
samannāgato. Ayaṃ pana yasmā satiyā ārammaṇaṃ pariggahetvā paññāya anupassati.
Na hi sativirahitassa anupassanā nāma atthi. Tenevāha "satiñca khvāhaṃ bhikkhave
sabbatthikaṃ vadāmī"ti 1- tasmā ettha "kāye kāyānupassī viharatī"ti ettāvatā
kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānakammaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Atha vā yasmā anātāpino
antosaṅkhepo antarāyakaro hoti, asampajāno upāyapariggahe anupāyaparivajjane
ca sammuyhati, muṭṭhassati upāyapariccāge anupāyapariggahe ca asamattho hoti,
tenassa taṃ kammaṭṭhānaṃ na sampajjati, tasmā yesaṃ dhammānaṃ ānubhāvena taṃ
sampajjati, tesaṃ dassanatthaṃ "ātāpī sampajāno satimā"ti idaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.
     Iti kāyānupassanāsatipaṭṭhānaṃ sampayogaṅgañca sandassetvā idāni
pahānaṅgaṃ dassetuṃ vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassanti vuttaṃ. Tattha vineyyāti
tadaṅgavinayena vā vikkhambhanavinayena vā vinayitvā. Loketi yvāyaṃ kāyo
pubbe pariggahito, sveva idha lujjanapalujjanaṭṭhena loko nāma. Tasmiṃ loke
abhijjhaṃ domanassañca pajahitvāti attho. Yasmā panassa na kāyamatteyeva
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.mahā. 19/234/102
Abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīyati, vedanādīsupi pahīyatiyeva, tasmā "pañcapi upādānakkhandhā
loko"ti 1- vibhaṅge vuttaṃ. Lokasaṅkhātattāyeva tesaṃ dhammānaṃ atthuddhāravasenetaṃ
vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Yaṃ panāha "tattha katamo loko, sveva kāyo loko"ti 2-
ayamevettha attho. Abhijjhādomanassanti ca samāsetvā vuttaṃ. Saṃyuttaṅguttara-
pāṭhantaresu 3- pana visuṃ katvā paṭhanti. Sā pana abhijjhāyanti patthayanti etāya, sayaṃ vā
abhijjhāyati, abhijjhāyanamattameva vā esāti abhijjhā. Yasmā panettha abhijjhāgahaṇena
kāmacchando, domanassaggahaṇena byāpādo saṅgahaṃ gacchati, tasmā nīvaraṇa-
pariyāpannabalavadhammadvayadassanena nīvaraṇappahānaṃ vuttaṃ hotīti veditabbaṃ.
     Visesena panettha abhijjhāvinayena kāyasampattimūlakassa anurodhassa, domanassa-
vinayena kāyavipattimūlakassa virodhassa, abhijjhāvinayena ca kāye abhiratiyā,
domanassavinayena kāyabhāvanāya anabhiratiyā, abhijjhāvinayena kāye abhūtānaṃ
subhasukhabhāvādīnaṃ pakkhepassa, domanassavinayena kāye bhūtānaṃ asubhāsukhabhāvādīnaṃ
apanayanassa pahānaṃ vuttaṃ. Tena yogāvacarassa yogānubhāvo yogasamatthatā ca dīpitā
hoti. Yogānubhāvo hi esa, yadayaṃ anurodhavirodhavippamutto aratiratisaho abhūta-
pakkhepabhūtāpanayanavirahito ca hoti. Anurodhavirodhavippamutto cesa aratiratisaho abhūtaṃ
apakkhipanto bhūtañca anapanento yogasamattho hotīti.
     Aparo nayo:- "kāye kāyānupassī"ti ettha anupassīti ettha anupassanāya
kammaṭṭhānaṃ vuttaṃ "viharatī"ti ettha vuttavihārena kammaṭṭhānikassa kāyapariharaṇaṃ.
"ātāpī"tiādīsu ātāpanena sammappadhānaṃ, satisampajaññena sabbatthakakammaṭṭhānaṃ,
kammaṭṭhānapariharaṇūpāyo vā. Satiyā vā kāyānupassanāvasena paṭiladdhasamabho,
sampajaññena vipassanā, abhijjhādomanassavinayena bhāvanāphalaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.
@Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/362/231 2 abhi.vi. 35/538/304 3 Sī. saṃyuttaṅguttaresu
     Vedanāsu vedanānupassīti ādīsu ca vedanādīnaṃ puna vacane payojanaṃ
kāyānupassanāyaṃ vuttanayeneva yathāyogaṃ yojetvā veditabbaṃ. Ayaṃ pana
asādhāraṇattho:- sukhādīsu anekappabhedāsu vedanāsu visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito
ekekavedanānupassīti, sarāgādike soḷasappabhede citte visuṃ visuṃ aniccādito
ekekacittānupassīti, kāyavedanācittāni ṭhapetvā sesatibhūmakadhammesu visuṃ visuṃ
aniccādito ekekadhammānupassīti, satipaṭṭhānasuttante vuttanayena nīvaraṇādi-
dhammānupassīti vā. Ettha ca "kāye"ti ekavacanaṃ sarīrassa ekattā, "citte"ti
ekavacanaṃ cittassa sabhāvabhedābhāvato jātiggahaṇena katanti veditabbaṃ. Yathā ca
vedanādayo anupassitabbā, tathā anupassanto vedanāsu vedanānupassī, citte
cittānupassī, dhammesu dhammānupassīti veditabbo. Kathaṃ tāva vedanā anupassitabbā?
sukhā tāva vedanā dukkhato, dukkhā vedanā sallato, adukkhamasukhā vedanā aniccato
anupassitabbā. Yathāha:-
            "yo sukhaṃ dukkhato adda        dukkhamaddakkhi sallato
             adukkhamasukhaṃ santaṃ            addakkhi naṃ aniccato
             sa ve sammaddaso bhikkhu       parijānāti vedanā"ti.
Sabbā eva cetā dukkhatopi anupassitabbā. Vuttañhetaṃ "yaṃ kiñci vedayitaṃ,
sabbantaṃ dukkhasminti vadāmī"ti. Sukhadukkhatopi ca anupassitabbā. Yathāha "sukhā
vedanā ṭhitisukhā vipariṇāmadukkhā, dukkhā vedanā ṭhitidukkhā vipariṇāmasukhā,
adukkhamasukhā vedanā ñāṇasukhā aññāṇadukkhā"ti apica aniccādisattaanupassanāvasenāpi
anupassitabbā.
@Footnote: 1 dī.mahā. 10/382/255, Ma.mū. 12/114-5/83-4
@2 saṃ.saḷā. 18/368/257 (syā)
@3 saṃ.saḷā. 18/391/268 (syā) 4 Ma.mū. 12/465/414
     Cittadhammesupi cittaṃ tāva ārammaṇādhipatisahajātabhūmikammavipākakiriyādi-
nānattabhedānaṃ aniccādisattaanupassanānaṃ sarāgādisoḷasabhedānaṃ ca vasena
anupassitabbaṃ, dhammā salakkhaṇasāmaññalakkhaṇānaṃ suññatādhammassa aniccādisatta-
anupassanānaṃ santāsantādīnaṃ ca vasena anupassitabbā. Kāmañcettha yassa
kāyasaṅkhāte loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ pahīnaṃ, tassa vedanādilokesupi taṃ pahīnameva,
nānāpuggalavasena pana nānākkhaṇikasatipaṭṭhānabhāvanāvasena ca sabbattha vuttaṃ.
Yato vā ekattha pahīnaṃ, sesesupi pahīnaṃ hoti. Tenevassa tattha pahānadassanatthampi
evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ.
     Iti ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā pubbabhāge nānācittesu labbhanti. Aññeneva
hi cittena kāyaṃ pariggaṇhāti, aññena vedanaṃ, aññena cittaṃ, aññena dhamme
pariggaṇhāti. Lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhanti. Ādito hi kāyaṃ
pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya
satiyā samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā ariyamaggaṃ
pattassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati kāyānupassanā nāma, tāya satiyā
samannāgato puggalo kāyānupassī nāma. Vedanaṃ pariggaṇhitvā cittaṃ pariggaṇhitvā
dhamme pariggaṇhitvā āgatassa vipassanāsampayuttā sati dhammānupassanā nāma,
tāya satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma. Vipassanaṃ ussukkāpetvā
ariyamaggaṃ pattassa maggakkhaṇe maggasampayuttā sati dhammānupassanā nāma, tāya
satiyā samannāgato puggalo dhammānupassī nāma. Evaṃ tāva desanā puggale
tiṭṭhati. Kāye pana "subhan"ti vipallāsappahānā kāyapariggāhikā sati maggena
samijjhatīti kāyānupassanā nāma. Vedanāya "sukhā"ti vipallāsappahānā vedanā-
pariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti vedanānupassanā nāma. Citte "niccan"ti
vipallāsappahānā cittapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti cittānupassanā nāma.
Dhammesu "attā"ti vipallāsappahānā dhammapariggāhikā sati maggena samijjhatīti
dhammānupassanā nāma. Iti ekāva maggasampayuttā sati catukiccasādhakattena cattāri
nāmāni labhati. Tena vuttaṃ "lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe pana ekacitteyeva labbhantī"ti.
     Sammāsamādhiniddese vivicceva kāmehīti kāmehi viviccitvā vinā hutvā
apakkamitvā. Yo panāyamettha evakāro, so niyamatthoti veditabbo. Yasmā ca
niyamattho, tasmā paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharaṇasamaye avijjamānānampi kāmānaṃ
tassa paṭhamajjhānassa paṭipakkhabhāvaṃ kāmapariccāgeneva cassa adhigamaṃ dīpeti.
Kathaṃ? "vivicceva kāmehī"ti evaṃ hi niyame kariyamāne idaṃ paññāyati, nūnimassa 1-
Jhānassa kāmā paṭipakkhabhūtā, yesu sati idaṃ nappavattati, andhakāre sati padīpobhāso
viya, tesaṃ pariccāgeneva cassa adhigamo hoti orimatīrapariccāgena pārimatīrassa
viya. Tasmā niyamaṃ karotīti.
     Tattha siyā, kasmā panesa pubbapadeyeva vutto, na uttarapade, kiṃ akusalehi
dhammehi aviviccāpi jhānaṃ upasampajja vihareyyāti? na kho panetaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ.
Taṃnissaraṇato hi pubbapade esa vutto. Kāmadhātusamatikkamanato hi kāmarāgap-
paṭipakkhato ca idaṃ jhānaṃ kāmānameva nissaraṇaṃ. Yathāha "kāmānametaṃ nissaraṇaṃ
yadidaṃ nekkhamman"ti 2- uttarapadepi ca yathāha "idheva bhikkhave samaṇo, idha dutiyo
samaṇo"ti 3- ettha evakāro ānetvā vuccati, evaṃ vattabbova. Na hi sakkā ito
aññehipi nīvaraṇasaṅkhātehi akusalehi dhammehi avivicca jhānaṃ upasampajja viharituṃ.
Tasmā "vivicceva kāmehi vivicceva akusalehi dhammehī"ti evaṃ padadvayehi esa
daṭṭhabbo. Padadvayepi ca kiñcāpi viviccāti iminā sādhāraṇavacanena tadaṅgavikkhambhana-
samucchedapaṭippassaddhinissaraṇavivekā cittakāyaupadhivivekā ca saṅgahaṃ gacchanti,
@Footnote: 1 Sī. nanvimassa       2 khu.iti. 25/72/286
@3 Ma.mū. 12/140/98 aṅ.catukka. 21/241/266
Tathāpi pubbabhāge kāyavivekacittavivekavikkhambhanavivekā daṭṭhabbā, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe
kāyavivekacittavivekasamucchedavivekapaṭippassaddhivivekanissaraṇavivekā.
     Kāmehīti iminā pana padena ye ca mahāniddese "katame vatthukāmā
manāpikā rūpā"tiādinā 1- nayena vatthukāmā vuttā. Ye ca tattheva vibhaṅge ca
"../../bdpicture/chando kāmo, rāgo kāmo, chandarāgo kāmo, saṅkappo kāmo, rāgo, kāmo,
saṅkapparāgo kāmo"ti 2- evaṃ kilesakāmā vuttā, te sabbepi saṅgahitā icceva
daṭṭhabbā. Evaṃ hi sati vivicceva kāmehīti vatthukāmehipi viviccevāti attho
yujjati. Tena kāyaviveko vutto hoti.
     Vivicca akusalehi dhammehīti kilesakāmehi sabbākusalehi vā viviccāti
attho yujjati. Tena cittaviveko vutto hoti. Purimena cettha vatthukāmehi
vivekavacanato eva kāmasukhapariccāgo, dutiyena kilesakāmehi vivekacanato nekkhamma-
sukhapariggaho vibhāvito hoti. Evaṃ vatthukāmakilesakāmavivekavacanatoyeva ca etesaṃ
paṭhamena saṅkilesavatthuppahānaṃ, dutiyena saṅkilesappahānaṃ. Paṭhamena lolabhāvassa
hetupariccāgo, dutiyena bālabhāvassa. Paṭhamena ca payogasuddhi, dutiyena āsayaposanaṃ
vibhāvitaṃ hotītipi viññātabbaṃ. Esa tāva nayo kāmehīti ettha vuttakāmesu
vatthukāmapakkhe.
     Kilesakāmapakkhe pana chandoti ca rāgoti ca evamādīhi anekabhedo
kāmacchandova kāmoti adhippeto. So ca akusalapariyāpannopi samāno "tattha katame
kāmā, chando kāmo"tiādinā 3- nayena vibhaṅge uparijjhānappaṭipakkhato visuṃ vutto,
kilesakāmattā vā purimapade vutto, akusalapariyāpannattā dutiyapade. Anekabhedato
cassa kāmatoti avatvā kāmehīti vuttaṃ. Aññesampi ca dhammānaṃ akusalabhāve vijjamāne
@Footnote: 1 khu.mahā. 29/2/1      2 khu.mahā. 29/2/2, abhi.vi. 35/564/310
@3 abhi.vi. 35/564/310
"tattha katame akusalā dhammā kāmacchando"tiādinā 1- nayena vibhaṅge
uparijjhānaṅgapaccanīkapaṭipakkhabhāvadassanato nīvaraṇāneva vuttānīti. Nīvaraṇāni hi
jhānaṅgapaccanīkāni, tesaṃ jhānaṅgāneva paṭipakkhāni viddhaṃsakāni vināsakānīti
vuttaṃ hoti. Tathāhi "samādhi kāmacchandassa paṭipakkho, pīti byāpādassa, vitakko
thīnamiddhassa, sukhaṃ uddhaccakukkuccassa, vicāro vicikicchāyā"ti peṭake vuttaṃ.
     Evamettha "vivicceva kāmehī"ti iminā kāmacchandassa vikkhambhanaviveko vutto
hoti, "vivicca akusalehi dhammehī"ti iminā pañcannampi nīvaraṇānaṃ. Aggahitaggahaṇena
pana paṭhamena kāmacchandassa, dutiyena sesanīvaraṇānaṃ. Tathā paṭhamena tīsu akusalamūlesu
pañcakāmaguṇabhedavisayassa lobhassa, dutiyena āghātavatthubhedādivisayānaṃ dosamohānaṃ.
Oghādīsu vā dhammesu paṭhamena kāmoghakāmayogakāmāsavakāmupādānaabhijjhākāyagantha-
kāmarāgasaññojanānaṃ, dutiyena avasesaoghayogāsavaupādānaganthasaṃyojanānaṃ. Paṭhamena
taṇhāya taṃsampayuttakānañca, dutiyena avijjāya taṃsampayuttakānañca. Apica paṭhamena
lobhasampayuttaaṭṭhacittuppādānaṃ, dutiyena sesānaṃ catunnaṃ akusalacittatuppādānaṃ
vikkhambhanaviveko vutto hotīti veditabbo.
     Ettāvatā ca paṭhamassa jhānassa pahānaṅgaṃ dassetvā idāni sampayogaṅgaṃ
dassetuṃ savitakkaṃ savicāranti ādivuttaṃ. Tattha ārammaṇe cittassa abhiniropana-
lakkhaṇo vitakko. Ārammaṇānumajjanalakkhaṇo vicāro. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci
avippayoge oḷārikaṭṭhena pubbaṅgamaṭṭhena ca ghaṇḍābhighāto viya cetaso
paṭhamābhinipāto vitakko, sukhumaṭṭhena anumajjanasabhāvena ca ghaṇḍānuravo viya
anuppabandho vicāro. Vipphāravā cettha vitakko paṭhamuppattikāle paripphandanabhūto
cittassa, ākāse uppatitukāmassa pakkhino pakkhavikkhepo viya, padumābhimukhapāto
viya ca gandhānubandhacetaso bhamarassa. Santavutti vicāro nātiparipphandanabhūto cittassa
@Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/564/310
Ākāse uppatitassa pakkhino pakkhappasāraṇaṃ viya paribbhamanaṃ viya ca
padumābhimukhapatitassa bhamarassa padumassa uparibhāge.
     Dukanipātaṭṭhakathāyaṃ pana "ākāsena gacchato mahāsakuṇassa ubhohi pakkhehi
vātaṃ gahetvā 1- pakkhe sannisīdāpetvā gamanaṃ viya ārammaṇe cetaso
abhiropanabhāvena pavatto vitakko, vātaggahaṇatthaṃ pakkhe phandāpayamānassa gamanaṃ viya
anumajjanabhāvena pavatto vicāro"ti vuttaṃ. Taṃ anuppabandhena pavattiyaṃ yujjati.
So pana tesaṃ viseso paṭhamadutiyajjhānesu pākaṭo hoti. Apica malaggahitaṃ kaṃsabhājanaṃ
ekena hatthana daḷhaṃ gahetvā itarena hatthena cuṇṇatelavālaṇḍupakena
parimajjantassa daḷhaggahaṇahattho viya vitakko, parimajjanahattho viya vicāro. Tathā
kumbhakārassa daṇḍappahārena cakkaṃ bhamayitvā bhājanaṃ karontassa uppīḷanahattho
viya vitakko, ito cito ca saṃsaraṇahattho viya vicāro. Tathā maṇḍalaṃ karontassa
majjhe sannirujjhitvā ṭhitakaṇṭako viya abhiniropano vitakko, bahi paribbhamanakaṇṭako
viya anumajjano vicāro. Iti iminā ca vitakkena iminā ca vicārena saha
vattati rukkho viya pupphena phalena cāti idaṃ jhānaṃ "savitakkaṃ savicāran"ti vuccati.
     Vivekajanti ettha vivitti viveko, nīvaraṇaviggamoti attho. Vivittoti vā
viveko, nīvaraṇavivitto jhānasampayuttadhammarāsīti attho. Tasmā vivekā, tasmiṃ vā
viveke jātanti vivekajaṃ. Pītisukhanti ettha pīṇayatīti pīti, sā sampiyāyanalakkhaṇā.
Sā panesā khuddakāpīti okkantikāpīti khaṇikāpīti ubbeṅgāpīti pharaṇāpītīti
pañcavidhā pīti.
     Tattha khuddakāpīti sarīre lomahaṃsanamattameva kātuṃ sakkoti. Khaṇikāpīti khaṇe
khaṇe vijjuppādasadisā 2- hoti. Okkantikāpīti samuddatīraṃ vīci viya kāyaṃ
@Footnote: 1 Sī. gāhāpetvā 2 Sī. vijjupātasadisā
Okkamitvā okkamitvā bhijjati. Ubbeṅgāpīti balavatī hoti kāyaṃ uddhaggaṃ
katvā ākāse laṅghāpanappamāṇappattā. Pharaṇāpīti atibalavatī hoti. Tāya hi
uppannāya sakalasarīraṃ dhamitvā pūritavatthi viya mahatā udakoghena pakkhandapabbatakucchi
viya ca anupariphuṭaṃ hoti. Sā panesā pañcavidhā pīti gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ
gacchantī duvidhaṃ passaddhiṃ paripūreti kāyapassaddhiñca cittapassaddhiñca. Passaddhi-
gabbhaṃ gaṇhantī paripākaṃ gacchantī duvidhampi sukhaṃ paripūreti kāyikañca cetasikañca.
Sukhaṃ gabbhaṃ gaṇhantaṃ paripākaṃ gacchantaṃ tividhaṃ samādhiṃ paripūreti khaṇikasamādhiñca
upacārasamādhiñca appanāsamādhiñcāti. Tāsu ca yā appanāsamādhissa mūlaṃ hutvā
vaḍḍhamānā samādhisampayogaṃ gatā pharaṇāpīti, ayaṃ imasmiṃ atthe adhippetā pītīti.
     Itaraṃ pana sukhayatīti sukhaṃ, yassuppajjati, taṃ sukhitaṃ karotīti attho. Sukhanaṃ
vā sukhaṃ, suṭṭhu vā khādati, khanati ca kāyacittābādhanti sukhaṃ, somanassavedanāyetaṃ
nāmaṃ. Taṃ sātalakkhaṇaṃ. Santepi ca nesaṃ katthaci avippayoge iṭṭhārammaṇappaṭilābha-
tuṭṭhi pīti, paṭiladdharasānubhavanaṃ sukhaṃ, yattha pīti, tattha sukhaṃ. Yattha sukhaṃ, tattha
na niyamato pīti. Saṅkhārakkhandhasaṅgahitā pīti, vedanākkhandhasaṅgahitaṃ sukhaṃ kantāra-
khinnassa vanantudakantadassanasavanesu viya pīti, vanacchāyāpavesanaudakaparibhogesu viya
sukhaṃ. Tasmiṃ tasmiṃ samaye pākaṭabhāvato cetaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Iti ayañca
pīti idañca sukhaṃ assa jhānassa, tasmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti idaṃ jhānaṃ "pītisukhan"ti
vuccati. Atha vā pīti ca sukhañca pītisukhaṃ dhammavinayādayo viya. Vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ
assa jhānassa, asmiṃ vā jhāne atthīti evampi vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ. Yatheva hi
jhānaṃ, evaṃ pītisukhampettha vivekajameva hoti. Tañcassa atthīti tasmā alopasamāsaṃ
katvā ekapadeneva "vivekajaṃ pītisukhan"tipi vattuṃ yujjati.
     Paṭhamanti gaṇanānupubbatā paṭhamaṃ, paṭhamaṃ uppannantipi paṭhamaṃ. Jhānanti
duvidhaṃ jhānaṃ ārammaṇūpanijjhānañca lakkhaṇūpanijjhānañca. Tattha aṭṭhasamāpattiyo
Paṭhavīkasiṇādiārammaṇaṃ upanijjhāyantīti "ārammaṇūpanijjhānan"ti saṅkhyaṃ gatā.
Vipassanāmaggaphalāni pana lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ nāma tattha vipassanā aniccādilakkhaṇassa
upanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, vipassanāya katakiccassa maggena ijjhanato maggo
lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, phalaṃ pana nirodhasaccaṃ tathalakkhaṇaṃ upanijjhāyatīti lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ.
Tesu idha pubbabhāge ārammaṇūpanijjhānaṃ, lokuttaramaggakkhaṇe lakkhaṇūpanijjhānaṃ
adhippetaṃ, tasmā ārammaṇūpanijjhānato lakkhaṇūpanijjhānato ca paccanīkajjhāpanato
ca "jhānan"ti veditabbaṃ. Upasampajjāti upagantvā, pāpuṇitvāti vuttaṃ hoti.
Upasampādayitvā vā, nipphādetvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Viharatīti tadanurūpena iriyāpatha-
vihārena iriyati, vuttappakārena jhānasamaṅgī hutvā attabhāvassa vuttiṃ
abhinipphādeti.
     Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti ettha vitakkassa ca vicārassa cāti imesaṃ dvinnaṃ
vūpasamā samatikkamā, dutiyajjhānakkhaṇe apātubhāvāti vuttaṃ hoti. Tattha kiñcāpi
dutiyajjhāne sabbepi paṭhamajjhānadhammā na santi, aññeyeva hi paṭhamajjhāne
phassādayo, aññe idhāti. Oḷārikassa pana oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā
paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhiggamo hotīti dassanatthaṃ "vitakkavicārānaṃ
vūpasamā"ti evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Ajjhattanti idha niyakajjhattaṃ adhippetaṃ,
tasmā attani jātaṃ, attasantāne nibbattanti attho.
     Sampasādananti sampasādanaṃ vuccati saddhā. Sampasādanayogato jhānampi
sampasādanaṃ nīlavaṇṇayogato nīlavatthaṃ viya. Yasmā vā taṃ jhānaṃ sampasādana-
samannāgatattā vitakkavicārakkhobhavūpasamanena ca ceto sampasādayati, tasmāpi
sampasādananti vuttaṃ. Imasmiñca atthavikappe sampasādanaṃ cetasoti evaṃ padasambandho
veditabbo, purimasmiṃ pana atthavikappe cetasoti etaṃ ekodibhāvena saddhiṃ yojetabbaṃ.
     Tatrāyaṃ atthayojanā. Eko udetīti ekodi, vitakkavicārehi anajjhārūḷhattā
aggo seṭṭho hutvā udetīti attho. Seṭṭhopi hi loke ekoti vuccati.
Vitakkavicāravirahito vā eko asahāyo hutvā itipi vattuṃ vaṭṭati. Atha vā
sampayuttadhamme udāyatīti udi, uṭṭhapetīti attho. Seṭṭhaṭṭhena eko ca so
udi cāti ekodi. Samādhissetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Iti imaṃ ekodiṃ bhāveti vaḍḍhetīti
idaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ ekodibhāvaṃ. So panāyaṃ ekodi yasmā cetaso, na sattassa
na jīvassa. Tasmā etaṃ "cetaso ekodibhāvan"ti vuttaṃ.
     Nanu cāyaṃ saddhā paṭhamajjhānepi atthi, ayañca ekodināmako samādhi, atha
kasmā idameva "sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvan"ti ca vuttanti. Vuccate:- aduṃ
hi paṭhamajjhānaṃ vitakkavicārakkhobhena vīcitaraṅgasamākulamiva jalaṃ na suppasannaṃ hoti,
tasmā satiyāpi saddhāya "sampasādanan"ti na vuttaṃ. Na suppasannattāyeva cettha
samādhipi na suṭṭhu pākaṭo, tasmā "ekodibhāvan"tipi na vuttaṃ. Imasmiṃ pana
jhāne vitakkavicārapalibodhābhāvena laddhokāsā balavatī saddhā, balavasaddhāsahāya-
paṭilābheneva ca samādhipi pākaṭo, tasmā idameva evaṃ vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Avitakkaṃ
avicāranti bhāvanāya pahīnattā etasmiṃ etassa vā vitakko natthīti avitakkaṃ.
Imināva nayena āvicāraṃ. Etthāha "nanu ca vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā"ti imināpi
ayamattho siddho, atha kasmā puna vuttaṃ "avitakkaṃ avicāran"ti. Vuccate:- evametaṃ,
siddhovāyamattho, na panetaṃ tadatthadīpakaṃ, nanu avocumha "oḷārikassa pana
oḷārikassa aṅgassa samatikkamā paṭhamajjhānato paresaṃ dutiyajjhānādīnaṃ adhiggamo
hotīti dassanatthaṃ vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti evaṃ vuttan"ti.
     Apica vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ sampasādanaṃ, na kilesakāḷussiyassa.
Vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā ekodibhāvaṃ, na upacārajjhānamiva nīvaraṇappahānā,
na paṭhamajjhānamiva ca aṅgapātubhāvāti evaṃ sampasādanaekodibhāvānaṃ
Hetuparidīpakamidaṃ vacanaṃ. Tathā vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā idaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ, na
tatiyacatutthajjhānāni viya cakkhuviññāṇādīni viya ca abhāvāti evaṃ avitakka-
avicārabhāvassa hetuparidīpakañca vacanaṃ. Na vitakkavicārabhāvamattaparidīpakaṃ, vitakka-
vicārābhāvamattaparidīpakameva pana "avitakkaṃ avicāran"ti idaṃ vacanaṃ. Tasmā purimaṃ
vatvāpi puna vattabbamevāti.
     Samādhijanti paṭhamajjhānasamādhito, sampayuttasamādhito vā jātanti attho. Tattha
kiñcāpi paṭhamajjhānampi sampayuttasamādhito jātaṃ, atha kho ayameva samādhi "samādhī"ti
vattabbataṃ arahati vitakkavicārakkhobhavirahena ativiya acalattā suppasannattā ca.
Tasmā imassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ idameva "samādhijan"ti vuttaṃ. Pītisukhanti idaṃ
vuttanayameva. Dutiyanti gaṇanānupubbatā dutiyaṃ, idaṃ dutiyaṃ uppannantipi dutiyaṃ.
     Pītiyā ca virāgāti virāgo nāma vuttappakārāya pītiyā jigucchanaṃ
vā samatikkamo vā, ubhinnaṃ pana antarā casaddo sampiṇḍanattho, so vūpasamaṃ
vā sampiṇḍeti vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ vā. Tattha yadā vūpasamameva sampiṇḍeti, tadā
pītiyā virāgā ca, kiñca bhiyyo vūpasamā cāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā. Imissā
ca yojanāya virāgo jigucchanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā jigucchanā ca samatikkamā
cāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo. Yadā pana vitakkavicāravūpasamaṃ sampiṇḍeti, tadā pītiyā
ca virāgā, kiñca bhiyyo vitakkavicāranañca vūpasamāti evaṃ yojanā veditabbā.
Imissā ca yojanāya virāgo samatikkamanattho hoti, tasmā pītiyā ca samatikkamā,
vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamāti ayamattho daṭṭhabbo.
     Kāmañcete vitakkavicārā dutiyajjhāneyeva vūpasantā, imassa pana jhānassa
maggaparidīpanatthaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanatthañcetaṃ vuttaṃ. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamāti hi vutte
idaṃ paññāyati "nūna 1- vitakkavicāravūpasamo maggo imassa jhānassā"ti. Yathā ca
@Footnote: 1 Sī. nanu
Tatiye ariyamagge appahīnānampi sakkāyadiṭṭhādīnaṃ "pañcannaṃ orambhāgiyānaṃ
saṃyojanānaṃ pahānā"ti 1- evaṃ pahānaṃ vuccamānaṃ vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tadadhiggamāya
ussukkānaṃ ussāhajanakaṃ, evameva idha avūpasantānampi vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamo
vuccamāno vaṇṇabhaṇanaṃ hoti, tenāyamattho vutto "pītiyā ca samatikkamā
vitakkavicārānañca vūpasamā"ti.
     Upekkhako ca viharatīti ettha upapattito ikkhatīti upekkhā, samaṃ passati
apakkhapatitā hutvā passatīti attho. Tāya visadāya vipulāya thāmagatāya
samannāgatattā tatiyajjhānasamaṅgī "upekkhako"ti vuccati.
     Upekkhā pana dasavidhā hoti chaḷaṅgupekkhā brahmavihārupekkhā bojjhaṅgupekkhā
vīriyupekkhā saṅkhārupekkhā vedanupekkhā vipassanupekkhā tatramajjhattupekkhā
jhānupekkhā pārisuddhupekkhāti.
     Tattha yā "idha bhikkhave khīṇāsavo bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano
hoti na dummano, upekkhako ca viharati sato sampajāno"ti 2- evamāgatā khīṇāsavassa
chasu dvāresu iṭṭhāniṭṭhachaḷārammaṇāpāthe parisuddhipakatibhāvāvijahaṇākārabhūtā
upekkhā, ayaṃ chaḷaṅgupekkhā nāma. Yā pana "upekkhāsahagatena cetasā ekaṃ disaṃ
pharitvā viharatī"ti 3- evamāgatā sattesu majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ brahma-
vihārupekkhā nāma. Yā pana "upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaṃ bhāveti vivekanissitan"ti 4-
evamāgatā sahajātadhammānaṃ majjhattākārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ bojjhaṅgupekkhā
nāma.
@Footnote: 1 dī.Sī. 9/373/156, Ma.Ma. 13/133/109, aṅ.tika. 20/88/227
@2 aṅ.chakka. 272/247/223   3 dī.Sī. 9/556/246, Ma.mū. 12/77/51
@4 Ma.Ma. 13/247/223
     Yā pana "kālena kālaṃ upekkhānimittaṃ manasikarotī"ti 1- evamāgatā
anaccāraddhanātisithilavīriyasaṅkhātā upekkhā, ayaṃ vīriyupekkhā nāma.
     Yā pana "kati saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti, kati saṅkhārupekkhā
vipassanāvasena uppajjanti, aṭṭha saṅkhārupekkhā samathavasena uppajjanti,
dasasaṅkhārupekkhā vipassanāvasena uppajjantī"ti 2- evamāgatā
nīvaraṇādippaṭisaṅkhāsantiṭṭhanāgahaṇe majjhattabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ saṅkhārupekkhā nāma.
     Yā pana "yasmiṃ samaye kāmāvacaraṃ kusalaṃ cittaṃ uppannaṃ hoti. Upekkhā-
sahagatan"ti 3- evamāgatā adukkhamasukhasaññitā upekkhā, ayaṃ vedanupekkhā nāma.
Yā pana "yadatthi yaṃ bhūtaṃ, taṃ pajahati, upekkhaṃ paṭilabhatī"ti 4- evamāgatā vicinane
majjhattabhūtā upekkhā ayaṃ vipassanupekkhā nāma. Yā pana chandādīsu
yevāpanakesu āgatā sahajātānaṃ samavāhitabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ
tatramajjhattupekkhā nāma.
     Yā pana "upekkhako ca viharatī"ti 5- evamāgatā aggasukhepi tasmiṃ
apakkhapātajananī upekkhā, ayaṃ jhānupekkhā nāma.
     Yā pana "upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānan"ti 6- evamāgatā sabbapaccanīka-
parisuddhā paccanīkavūpasamepi byāpārabhūtā upekkhā, ayaṃ pārisuddhiupekkhā nāma.
     Tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhā ca brahmavihārupekkhā ca bojjhaṅgupekkhā ca
tatramajjhattupekkhā ca jhānupekkhā ca pārisuddhiupekkhā ca atthato ekā,
tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti. Tena tena avatthābhedena panassāyaṃ bhedo. Ekassāpi
sato sattassa kumārayuvattherasenāpatirājādivasena bhedo viya, tasmā tāsu yattha
@Footnote: 1 aṅ.tika. 20/103/251     2 khu.paṭi. 31/57/66
@3 abhi.saṃ. 34/157/48       4 Ma.u. 14/71/52
@5 dī.Sī. 9/89/37, Ma.mū. 12/173/134, abhi.saṃ. 34/165/52
@6 dī.Sī. 9/89/37, abhi.saṃ. 34/165/52
Chaḷaṅgupekkhā, na tattha bojjhaṅgupekkhādayo. Yattha vā pana bojjhaṅgupekkhā,
na tattha chaḷaṅgupekkhādayo hontīti veditabbā. Yathā cetāsaṃ atthato ekībhāvo,
evaṃ saṅkhārupekkhāvipassanupekkhānampi. Paññā eva hi sā kiccavasena dvidhā
bhinnā. Yathā hi purisassa sāyaṃ gehaṃ paviṭṭhaṃ sappaṃ ajapadadaṇḍaṃ gahetvā
pariyesamānassa taṃ thusakoṭṭhake nipannaṃ disvā "sappo nukho, no"ti avalokentassa
sovatthikattayaṃ disvā nibbematikassa "sappo, na sappo"ti vicinane majjhattatā
uppajjati, evameva yā āraddhavipassakassa vipassanāñāṇena lakkhaṇattaye diṭṭhe
saṅkhārānaṃ aniccabhāvādivicinane majjhattatā uppajjati, ayaṃ vipassanupekkhā. Yathā
pana tassa purisassa ajapadena daṇḍena gāḷhaṃ sappaṃ gahetvā "kintāhaṃ
imaṃ sappaṃ aviheṭhento attānañca iminā aḍaṃsāpento muñceyyan"ti
muñcanākārameva pariyesato gahaṇe majjhattā hoti, evameva yā lakkhaṇattayassa
diṭṭhattā āditte viya tayo bhave passato saṅkhāraggahaṇe majjhattatā, ayaṃ
saṅkhārupekkhā ca. Iti vipassanupekkhāya siddhāya saṅkhārupekkhāpi siddhāva hoti.
Iminā panesā vicinanaggahaṇesu majjhattasaṅkhātena kiccena dvidhā bhinnāti.
Vīriyupekkhā pana vedanupekkhā ca aññamaññañca avasesā hi ca atthato
bhinnā evāti. Āha cettha:-
          "majjhattabrahmabojjhaṅga-      chaḷaṅgajhānasuddhiyo
           vipassanā ca saṅkhāra-       vedanā viriyaṃ iti.
           Vitathārato dasopekkhā      chamajjhattādito tato
           duve paññā tato dvīhi      catasso va bhavantimā"ti. 1-
     Iti imāsu upekkhāsu jhānupekkhā idha adhippetā. Sā majjhattalakkhaṇā.
Etthāha "nanu cāyaṃ atthato tatramajjhattupekkhāva hoti, sā ca paṭhamadutiyajjhānesupi
@Footnote: 1 Sī. bhavanti cāti
Atthi, tasmā tatrapi `upekkhako ca viharatī'ti evamayaṃ vattabbā siyā, sā kasmā
na vuttā"ti? aparibyattakiccato. Aparibyattañhi tassa tattha kiccaṃ vitakkādīhi
abhibhūtattā, idha panāyaṃ vitakkavicārapītīhi anabhibhūtattā ukkhittasirā viya hutvā
paribyattakiccā jātā, tasmā vuttāti.
     Idāni sato ca sampajānoti ettha saratīti sato. Sampajānātīti sampajāno.
Itipuggalena sati ca sampajaññaṃ. Tattha kiñcāpi idaṃ satisampajaññañca vuttaṃ.
Tattha saraṇalakkhaṇā sati. Asammohalakkhaṇaṃ sampajaññaṃ tattha kiñcāpi idaṃ satisampajaññaṃ
purimajjhānesupi atthi, muṭṭhassatissa hi asampajānassa upacāramattampi
na sampajjati, pageva appanā. Oḷārikattā pana tesaṃ jhānānaṃ bhūmiyaṃ viya purisassa
cittassa gati sukhā hoti, abyattaṃ tattha satisampajaññakiccaṃ. Oḷārikaṅgap-
pahānena pana sukhumattā imassa jhānassa purisassa khuradhārāyaṃ viya satisampajañña-
kiccapariggahitā eva cittassa gati icchitabbāti idheva vuttaṃ. Kiñca bhiyyo:-
yathā dhenupago vaccho dhenuto apanīto arakkhiyamāno punadeva dhenuṃ upagacchati,
evamidaṃ tatiyajjhānasukhaṃ pītito apanītaṃ satisampajaññārakkhena arakkhiyamānaṃ punadeva
pītiṃ upagaccheyya, pītisampayuttameva siyā. Sukhe vāpi sattā sārajjanti, idañca
atimadhuraṃ sukhaṃ tato paraṃ sukhābhāvā. Satisampajaññānubhāvena panettha sukhe asārajjanā
hoti, no aññathāti. Idampi atthavisesaṃ dassetuṃ idaṃ idheva vuttanti veditabbaṃ.
     Idāni sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetīti ettha kiñcāpi tatiyajjhānasamaṅgino
sukhappaṭisaṃvedanā bhogo natthi, evaṃ santepi yasmā tassa nāmakāyena sampayuttaṃ
sukhaṃ, yaṃ vā taṃ nāmakāyasampayuttaṃ sukhaṃ, taṃ samuṭṭhānenassa yasmā atipaṇītena
rūpena rūpakāyo phuṭṭho, yassa phuṭṭhattā jhānā vuṭṭhitopi sukhaṃ paṭisaṃvedeyya,
tasmā etamatthaṃ dassento "sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedetī"ti āha.
     Idāni yantaṃ ariyā ācikkhanti upekkhako satimā sukhavihārīti ettha
yaṃjhānahetu yaṃjhānakāraṇā taṃ tatiyajjhānasamaṅgipuggalaṃ buddhādayo ariyā ācikkhanti
desenti paññāpenti paṭṭhapenti vivaranti vibhajanti uttānīkaronti pakāsenti,
pasaṃsantīti adhippāyo. Kinti? upekkhako satimā sukhavihārīti. Taṃ tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ
upasampajja viharatīti evamettha yojanā veditabbā.
     Kasmā pana te evaṃ pasaṃsantīti? pasaṃsārahato. Ayaṃ hi yasmā atimadhurasukhe
Sukhapāramīpattepi tatiyajjhāne upekkhako, na tattha sukhābhisaṅgena ākaḍḍhīyati. Yathā
ca pīti na uppajjati, evaṃ upaṭṭhitassatitāya satimā. Yasmā ca ariyajanakantaṃ
ariyajanasevitameva ca asaṅkiliṭṭhaṃ sukhaṃ nāmakāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, tasmā pasaṃsāraho
hoti. Iti pasaṃsārahato naṃ ariyā te evaṃ pasaṃsārahahetubhūte guṇe pakāsentā
"upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī"ti evaṃ pasaṃsantīti veditabbaṃ. Tatiyanti
gaṇanānupubbato tatiyaṃ, tatiyaṃ uppannantipi tatiyaṃ.
     Sukhassa ca pahānā dukakhassa ca pahānāti kāyikasukhassa ca kāyikadukkhassa
ca pahānā. Pubbevāti tañca kho pubbeva, na catutthajjhānakkhaṇe.
Somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamāti cetasikasukhassa cetasikadukkhassa cāti imesampi
dvinnaṃ pubbeva atthaṅgamā, pahānā icceva vuttaṃ hoti. Kadā pana nesaṃ
pahānaṃ hoti? catunnaṃ jhānānaṃ upacārakkhaṇe. Somanassaṃ hi catutthassa jhānassa
upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyati, dukkhadomanassasukhāni paṭhamadutiyatatiyānaṃ upacārakkhaṇesu.
Evametesaṃ pahānakkamena avuttānaṃ indriyavibhaṅge 1- pana indriyānaṃ
uddesakkameneva idhāpi vuttānaṃ sukhadukkhasomanassadomanassānaṃ pahānaṃ veditabbaṃ.
     Yadi panetāni tassa tassa jhānassa upacārakkhaṇeyeva pahīyanti, atha kasmā "kattha
cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhati? idha bhikkhave bhikkhu vivicceva
@Footnote: 1 abhi.vi. 35/219/145
Kāmehi .pe. Paṭhamajjhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ
nirujjhati, kattha cuppannaṃ domanassindriyaṃ. Sukhindriyaṃ somanassindriyaṃ
aparisesaṃ nirujjhati. Idha bhikkhave bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā .pe. Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ
upasampajja viharati. Ettha cuppannaṃ somanassatindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ nirujjhatī"ti 1-
evaṃ jhānesveva nirodho vuttoti? atisayanirodhattā. Atisayanirodho hi tesaṃ paṭhamaj-
jhānādīsu, na nirodhoyeva pana upacārakkhaṇe, nātisayanirodho. Tathā hi nānāvajjanena
paṭhamajjhānūpacāre niruddhassāpi dukkhindriyassa ḍaṃsamakasādisamphassena vā
visamāsanūpatāpena vā siyā uppatti, na tveva anto appanāyaṃ. Upacāre vā
niruddhampetaṃ na suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti paṭipakkhena avihatattā. Antoappanāyaṃ pana
pītipharaṇena sabbo kāyo sukhokkanto hoti, sukhokkantakāyassa ca suṭṭhu niruddhaṃ hoti
dukkhindriyaṃ paṭipakkhena vihatattā nānāvajjaneyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre pahīnassāpi
domanassindriyassa yasmā etaṃ vitakkavicārappaccayepi kāyakilamathe cittūpaghāte ca
sati uppajjati, vitakkavicārābhāveneva uppajjati. Yattha pana uppajjati, tattha
vitakkavicārabhāve. Appahīnāyeva ca dutiyajjhānūpacāre vitakkavicārāti. Tatthassa
siyā uppatti, na tveva dutiyajjhāne pahīnappaccayattā. Tathā tatiyajjhānūpacāre
pahīnassāpi sukhindriyassa pītisamuṭṭhānapaṇītarūpaphuṭṭhakāyassa siyā uppatti,
natveva tatiyajjhāne. Tatiyajjhāne hi sukhassa paccayabhūtā pīti sabbaso niruddhā
hoti. Tathā catutthajjhānūpacārena pahīnassāpi somanassindriyassa āsannattā,
appanāppattāya upekkhāya abhāvena sammā anatikkantattā ca siyā uppatti,
natveva catutthajjhāne. Tasmā evaṃ ca "etthuppannaṃ dukkhindriyaṃ aparisesaṃ
nirujjhatī"ti. Tattha tattha aparisesaggahaṇaṃ katanti.
     Etthāha "athevaṃ tassa tassa jhānassūpacāre pahīnāpi etā vedanā idha
kasmā samāharī"ti. Sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ. Yā hi ayaṃ "adukkhaasukhan"ti ettha
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.mahā. 19/510/188
Adukkhamasukhā vedanā vuttā. Sā sukhumā duviññeyyā na sakkā sukhena gahituṃ, tasmā
yathā nāma duṭṭhassa yathā tathā vā upasaṅkamitvā gahetuṃ asakkuṇeyyassa goṇassa
gahaṇatthaṃ gopo ekasmiṃ vaje sabbā gāvo samāharati, athekekaṃ nīharanto paṭipāṭiyā
āgataṃ "ayaṃ so gaṇhatha nan"ti tampi gāhāpeti, evameva sukhaggahaṇatthaṃ
sabbāpi etā samāhari. Evaṃ hi samāhaṭā etā dassetvā "yaṃ neva sukhaṃ,
na dukkhaṃ, na somanassaṃ, na domanassaṃ, ayaṃ adukkhamasukhāvedanā"ti sakkā hoti
esā gāhayituṃ.
     Apica adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā paccayadassanatthañcāpi etā vuttāti
veditabbā. Sukhadukkhappahānādayo hi tassā paccayā. Yathāha "cattāro kho
āvuso paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā, idhāvuso bhikkhu sukhassa
ca pahānā .pe. Catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ime kho āvuso cattāro
paccayā adukkhamasukhāya cetovimuttiyā samāpattiyā"ti 1- yathā vā aññattha pahīnāpi
sakkāyadiṭṭhiādayo anāgāmimaggassa vaṇṇabhaṇanatthaṃ tattha pahīnāti vuttā, evaṃ
vaṇṇabhaṇanatthampetassa jhānassetā idha vuttātipi veditabbā. Paccayaghātena vā
ettha rāgadosānaṃ atidūrabhāvaṃ dassetumpetā vuttāti veditabbā. Etāsu hi
sukhaṃ somanassassa paccayo, somanassaṃ rāgassa, dukkhaṃ domanassassa, domanassaṃ dosassa.
Sukhādighātena ca sappaccayā rāgadosā hatāti avidūre hontīti.
     Adukkhamasukhanti dukkhābhāvena adukkhaṃ. Sukhābhāvena asukhaṃ. Etenettha
dukkhasukhappaṭipakkhabhūtaṃ tatiyavedanaṃ dīpeti, na dukkhasukhābhāvamattaṃ. Tatiyavedanā nāma
adukkhamasukhā, upekkhāti hi vuccati. Sā iṭṭhāniṭṭhaviparītānubhavanalakkhaṇā.
Upekkhāsatipārisuddhinti upekkhāya janitasatipārisuddhiṃ. Imasmiṃ hi jhāne supari-
suddhā sati, yā ca tassā satiyā pārisuddhi, sā upekkhāya katā, na aññena.
@Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/458/406
Tasmā etaṃ "upekkhāsatipārisuddhin"ti vuccati. Yāya ca upekkhāya ettha satiyā
pārisuddhi hoti, sā atthato tatramajjhattatāti veditabbā. Na kevalañcettha tāya
satiyeva parisuddhā, apica kho sabbepi sampayuttadhammā, satisīsena pana desanā
vuttā.
     Tattha  kiñcāpi ayaṃ upekkhāheṭṭhāpi tīsu jhānesu vijjati, yathā pana
divā sūriyappabhābhibhavā somabhāvena ca attano upakārakattena vā sabhāgāya
rattiyā alābhā divā vijjamānāpi candalekhā aparisuddhā hoti apariyodātā,
evamayampi tatramajjhattupekkhācandalekhā vitakkādipaccanīkadhammatejābhibhavā sabhāgāya ca
upekkhāvedanārattiyā alābhā vijjamānāpi paṭhamajjhānādibhede aparisuddhā hoti.
Tassā ca aparisuddhāya divā aparisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo
aparisuddhāva honti. Tasmā tesu ekampi "upekkhāsatipārisuddhin"ti na vuttaṃ.
Idha pana vitakkādipaccanīkatejābhibhavābhāvā sabhāgāya ca upekkhāvedanārattiyā
paṭilābhā ayaṃ tatramajjhattupekkhā candalekhā ativiya parisuddhā, tassā parisuddhattā
parisuddhacandalekhāya pabhā viya sahajātāpi satiādayo parisuddhā honti pariyodātā.
Tasmā idamevaṃ "upekkhāsatipārisuddhin"ti vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Catutthanti
gaṇanānupubbato catutthaṃ. Catutthaṃ uppannantipi catutthaṃ.
     Imāni cattāri jhānāni pubbabhāgepi nānā, maggakkhaṇepi. Pubbabhāge
samāpattivasena nānā, maggakkhaṇe nānā maggavasena. Ekassa hi paṭhamamaggo
paṭhamajjhāniko hoti, dutiyamaggādayopi paṭhamajjhānikā vā dutiyādīsu
aññatarajjhānikā vā. Ekassa paṭhamamaggo dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhāniko hoti,
dutiyādayopi dutiyādīnaṃ aññatarajjhānikā vā paṭhamajjhānikā vā. Evaṃ cattāropi
maggā jhānavasena sadisā vā asadisā vā ekaccasadisā vā honti. Ayaṃ panassa
Viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena hoti. Paṭhamajjhānalābhino hi paṭhamajjhānā vuṭṭhāya
vipassantassa uppannamaggo paṭhamajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgabojjhaṅgāni panettha
paripuṇṇāneva honti. Dutiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa uppanno dutiyajjhāniko
hoti, maggaṅgā panettha satta honti. Tatiyajjhānato vuṭṭhāya vipassantassa
uppanno tatiyajjhāniko hoti, maggaṅgāni panettha satta, bojjhaṅgāni cha
honti. Esa nayo catutthajjhānato paṭṭhāya yāva nevasaññānāsaññāyatanā.
Āruppe catukkapañcakajjhānaṃ uppajjati, tañca kho lokuttaraṃ, na lokiyanti vuttaṃ.
Ettha kathanti? etthapi paṭhamajjhānādīsu yato vuṭṭhāya sotāpattimaggaṃ paṭilabhitvā
Arūpasamāpattiṃ bhāvetvā yo āruppe uppanno, taṃjhānikāva tassa tattha tayo
maggā uppajjanti. Evaṃ pādakajjhānameva niyameti. Keci pana therā "vipassanāya
ārammaṇabhūtā khandhā niyamentī"ti vadanti. Keci "puggalajjhāsayo niyametī"ti
vadanti. Keci "vuṭṭhānagāminī vipassanā niyametī"ti vadanti.
     Tatrāyaṃ anupubbikathā:- vipassanāniyamena hi sukhavipassakassa uppannamaggopi,
samāpattilābhino jhānaṃ pādakaṃ akatvā uppannamaggopi paṭhamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā
pakiṇṇakasaṅkhāre sammasitvā uppāditamaggopi paṭhamajjhānikova hoti, sabbesu satta
bojjhaṅgāni aṭṭha maggaṅgāni pañca jhānaṅgāni hoti. Tesampi pubbabhāgavipassanā
somanassasahagatāpi upekkhāsahagatāpi hutvā vuṭṭhānakāle saṅkhārupekkhābhāvaṃ pattā
somanassasahagatāva hoti.
     Pañcakanaye dutiyatatiyacatutthajjhānāni pādakāni katvā uppāditamaggesu
yathākkameneva jhānaṃ caturaṅgikaṃ tivaṅgikaṃ divaṅgikañca hoti, sabbesu pana satta
maggaṅgāni honti, catutthe cha bojjhaṅgāni. Ayaṃ viseso pādakajjhānaniyamena
ceva vipassanāniyamena ca hoti. Tesampi hi pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatāpi
upekkhāsahagatāpi hoti, vuṭṭhānagāminī somanassasahagatāva.
     Pañcamajjhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā nibbattitamagge pana upekkhācittekaggatāvasena
dve jhānaṅgāni, bojjhaṅgamaggaṅgāni  cha satta ceva. Ayampi viseso ubhayaniyamavasena
hoti. Imasmiṃ hi naye pubbabhāgavipassanā somanassasahagatā vā upekkhāsahagatā
vā hoti, vuṭṭhānagāminī upekkhāsahagatāva hoti. Arūpajjhānāni pādakāni katvā
uppāditamaggepi eseva nayo. Idha pana catukkanaye avitakkavicāramattassa
dutiyajjhānassa abhāvā taṃ apanetvā sesānaṃ vasena yojetabbaṃ. Evaṃ pādakajjhānato
vuṭṭhāya yekeci saṅkhāre sammasitvā nibbattitamaggassa āsannadese vuṭṭhitasamāpatti
attano sabhāgaṃ karoti bhūmivaṇṇo viya godhāvaṇṇassa.
     Dutiyattheravāde pana yato yato samāpattito vuṭṭhāya ye ye samāpattidhamme
sammasitvā maggo nibbattito hoti, taṃtaṃsamāpattisadisova hoti. Tatrāpi ca
vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.
     Tatiyattheravāde attano ajjhāsayānurūpena yaṃ yaṃ jhānaṃ pādakaṃ katvā
ye ye jhānadhamme sammasitvā maggo nibbattito, taṃtaṃjhānasadisova hoti.
Pādakajjhānaṃ pana sammasitajjhānaṃ vā vinā ajjhāsayamatteneva taṃ na ijjhati.
Etthāpi ca vipassanāniyamo vuttanayeneva veditabbo.
     Ayaṃ vuccati sammāsamādhīti yā imesu catūsu jhānesu ekaggatā, ayaṃ
pubbabhāge lokiyo, aparabhāge lokuttaro sammāsamādhi nāma vuccati. Evaṃ
lokiyalokuttaravasena dhammasenāpati maggasaccaṃ deseti. Tattha lokiyamagge sabbāneva
maggaṅgāni yathānurūpaṃ chasu ārammaṇesu aññatarārammaṇāni honti. Lokuttaramagge
pana catusaccappaṭivedhāyaṃ pavattassa ariyasāvakassa nibbānārammaṇaṃ avijjānusaya-
samugghātakaṃ paññācakkhu sammādiṭṭhi, tathā sampannadiṭṭhissa taṃsampayutto
tividhamicchāsaṅkappasamugghātako cetaso nibbānapadābhiniropano sammāsaṅkappo,
Tathā passantassa takkantassa ca taṃsampayuttāva catubbidhavacīduccaritasamugghātakā
micchāvācāya virati sammāvācā, tathā viramantassa taṃsampayuttāva tividhamicchākammanta-
samucchedikā micchākammantā virati sammākammanto, tesaṃyeva cassa vācā kammantānaṃ
vodānabhūtā taṃsampayuttāva kuhanādisamucchedikā micchāājīvā virati sammāājīvo,
tassāyevassa sammāvācākammantājīvasaṅkhātāya sīlabhūmiyaṃ patiṭṭhamānassa tadanurūpo
taṃsampayuttova  kosajjasamucchedako, anuppannuppannānaṃ akusalakusalānaṃ anuppādap-
pahānuppādaṭṭhitisādhako ca vīriyārambho sammāvāyāmo, evaṃ vāyamantassa
taṃsampayuttova micchāsativiniddhunako, kesādīsu kāyānupassanādisādhako ca cetaso
asammoso sammāsati, evaṃ anuttarāya satiyā suvihitacittārakkhassa taṃsampayuttāva
micchāsamādhividdhaṃsikā cittekaggatā sammāsamādhi. Esa lokuttaro ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko
maggo.
     Yo saha lokiyena maggena dukkhanirodhagāminīpaṭipadāti saṅkhyaṃ gato, so kho
panesa maggo sammādiṭṭhisaṅkappānaṃ vijjāya sesadhammānaṃ caraṇena saṅgahitattā
vijjā ceva caraṇañca. Tathā tesaṃ dvinnaṃ vipassanāyānena itaresaṃ samathayānena
saṅgahitattā samatho ceva vipassanā ca. Tesaṃ dvinnaṃ paññākkhandhena tadanantarānaṃ
tiṇṇaṃ sīlakkhandhena avasesānaṃ tiṇṇaṃ samādhikkhandhena adhipaññāadhisīlaadhicitta-
sikkhā hi ca saṅgahitattā khandhattayañaceva sikkhattayañca hoti. Yena samannāgato
ariyasāvako dassanasamatthehi cakkhūhi gamanasamatthehi pādehi samannāgato addhiko
viya vijjācaraṇasampanno hutvā vipassanāyānena kāmasukhallikānuyogaṃ samathayānena
attakilamathānuyoganti antadvayaṃ parivajjetvā majjhimapaṭipadaṃ paṭipanno paññāk-
khandhena mohakkhandhaṃ, sīlakkhandhena dosakkhandhaṃ, samādhikkhandhena ca lobhakkhandhaṃ
padālento adhipaññāsikkhāya paññāsampadaṃ, adhisīlasikkhāya sīlasampadaṃ, adhicitta-
sikkhāya samādhisampadanti tisso sampattiyo patvā amataṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaroti.
Ādimajjhapariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sattattiṃsabodhipakkhiyadhammaratanavicittaṃ sammattaniyāmasaṅkhātaṃ
ariyabhūmiṃ okkanto hotīti.
                     Maggasaccaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                           -----------
                          Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā
     catūsu pana saccesu bādhanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, pabhavalakkhaṇaṃ samudayasaccaṃ,
santilakkhaṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ maggasaccaṃ, apica pavattipavattakanivatti-
nivattakalakkhaṇāni paṭipāṭiyā. Tathā saṅkhatataṇhāasaṅkhatadassanalakkhaṇāni ca.
     Kasmā pana cattāreva ariyasaccāni vuttāni anūnāni anadhikānīti
ce? aññassa asambhavato aññatarassa ca anapaneyyabhāvato. Na hi etehi aññaṃ
adhikaṃ vā, etesaṃ vā ekampi apanetabbaṃ sambhoti. Yathāha:-
            "idha bhikkhave āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā `nayidaṃ
       dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ,
       ahamidaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ ṭhapetvā aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññāpessāmī'ti
       netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"tiādi.
Yathāha:-
            "yo hi koci bhikkhave samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya
       `netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ
       dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ
       paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ
       paññapessāmī"ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī"tiādi. 1-
@Footnote: 1 saṃ mahā. 19/1086/374
     Apica pavattimācikkhanto bhagavā sahetukaṃ ācikkhi, nivattiñca saupāyaṃ.
Iti pavattinivattitadubhayahetūnaṃ etapparamato cattāreva vuttāni. Tathā
pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbānaṃ, taṇhāvatthutaṇhātaṇhānirodhataṇhā-
nirodhūpāyānaṃ, ālayaālayārāmatāālayasamugghātaālayasamugghātūpāyānañca vasenāpi
cattāreva vuttānīti.
     Ettha ca oḷārikattā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā ca suviññeyyanti dukkhasaccaṃ
paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasseva hetudassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayasaccaṃ, hetunirodhā phalanirodhoti
saññāpanatthaṃ tato nirodhasaccaṃ, tadadhigamūpāyadassanatthaṃ ante maggasaccaṃ,
bhavasukhassādagadhitānaṃ vā sattānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ dukkhamāha, taṃ neva akataṃ
āgacchati, na issaranimmānādito hoti, ito pana hotīti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ
samudayaṃ, tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhūtattā saṃviggamānasānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇagavesīnaṃ
nissaraṇadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ nirodhaṃ, tato nirodhādhigamanatthaṃ nirodhasampāpakaṃ
magganti ayametesaṃ kamo.
     Etesu pana bhāro viya dukkhasaccaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, bhārādānamiva samudayasaccaṃ,
bhāranikkhepanamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanūpāyo viya maggasaccaṃ. Rogo viya vā
dukkhasaccaṃ, roganidhānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, rogavūpasamo viya nirodhasaccaṃ, bhesajjamiva vā
maggasaccaṃ. Dubbhikkhamiva vā dukkhasaccaṃ, dubbuṭṭhi viya samudayasaccaṃ, subhikkhamiva
nirodhasaccaṃ, suvuṭṭhi viya maggasaccaṃ. Apica verīveramūlaverasamugghātaverasamugghātū-
pāyehi visarukkharukkhamūlamūlupacchedatadupacchedūpāyehi, bhayabhayamūlanibbhayatadadhigamūpāyehi,
orimatīramahoghapārimatīrataṃsampāpakavāyāmehi ca yojetvāpetāni upamāto veditabbānīti.
     Sabbāneva panetāni saccāni paramatthena vedakakārakanibbutagamakābhāvato
suññānīti veditabbāni. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
                   "dukkhameva hi na koci dukkhito
                    kārako na kiriyāva vijjati,
                    atthi nibbuti na nibbuto pumā
                    maggamatthi gamako na vijjatī"ti.
Atha vā:-
            dhuvasubhasukhattasaññaṃ        purimadvayamattasuññamamatapadaṃ
            dhuvasukhaattavirahito       maggo iti suññatā tesu.
     Nirodhasuññāni vā tīṇi, nirodho ca sesattayasuñño. Phalasuñño vā ettha
hetu samudaye dukkhassa abhāvato, magge ca nirodhassa, na phalena sagabbho pakativādīnaṃ
pakati viya. Hetusuññañca phalaṃ dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā, na
hetusamavetaṃ hetuphalaṃ samavāyavādīnaṃ dviaṇukādi viya. Tenetaṃ vuccati:-
           "tayamidhanirodhasuññaṃ        tayena tenāpi nibbutiṃ suññā
            suñño phalena hetu      phalampi taṃhetunā suññan"ti.
     Sabbāneva saccāni aññamaññasabhāgāni avitathato attasuññato dukkarapaṭivedha
to ca. Yathāha:-
              "taṃ kiṃ maññasi ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ
          vā, yo dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipāteyya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ
          avirādhitaṃ, yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ
          paṭivijjheyyāti. Etadeva bhante dukkaratarañceva durabhisambhavatarañca. Vā
          sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti. Atha kho te
          Ānanda duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti, ye `idaṃ dukkhan'ti yathā
          bhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti .pe. `ayaṃ Dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā'ti yathābhūtaṃ
          paṭivijjhantī"ti. 1-
     Visabhāgāni salakkhaṇavavatthānato. Purimāni ca dve sabhāgāni duravagāhatthena
gambhīrattā lokiyattā ca sāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni phalahetubhedato pariññeyya-
pahātabbato ca. Pacchimānipi dve sabhāgāni gambhīrattena duravagāhattā lokuttarattā
anāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni visayavisayībhedato sacchikātabbabhāvetabbato ca. Paṭhama-
tatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni phalāpadesato, visabhāgāni saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato. Dutiyacatutthāni
cāpi sabhāgāni hetuapadesato, visabhāgāni ekantakusalākusalato. Paṭhamacatutthāni cāpi
sabhāgāni saṅkhatato, visabhāgāni lokiyalokuttarato. Dutiyatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni
nevasekkhānāsekkhabhāvato, visabhāgāni sārammaṇānārammaṇato.
              Iti evaṃ pakārehi        nayehi ca vicakkhaṇo
              vijaññā ariyasaccānaṃ       sabhāgavisabhāgatanti.
     Sabbameva cettha dukkhaṃ ekavidhaṃ pavattibhāvato, duvidhaṃ nāmarūpato, tividhaṃ kāmarūpā-
rūpūpapattibhavabhedato, catubbidhaṃ catuāhārabhedato, pañcavidhaṃ pañcupādānakkhandhabhedato.
Samudayopi ekavidho pavattakabhāvato, duvidho diṭṭhisampayuttāsampayuttato, tividho
kāmabhavavibhavataṇhābhedato, catubbidho catumaggappaheyyato, pañcavidho rūpābhinandanādi-
bhedato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyabhedato. Nirodhopi ekavidho asaṅkhatadhātubhāvato,
pariyāyato pana duvidho saupādisesaanupādisesato, tividho bhavattayavūpasamato, catubbidho
catumaggādhigamanīyato, pañcavidho pañcābhinandanavūpasamato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyakkhaya-
bhedato. Maggopi ekavidho bhāvetabbato, duvidho samathavipassanābhedato,
@Footnote: 1 saṃ.mahā. 19/1115/349
Dassanabhāvanābhedato vā, tividho khandhattayabhedato. Ayaṃ hi sappadesattā nagaraṃ viya
rajjena nippadesehi tīhi khandhehi saṅgahito. Yathāha:-
           "na kho āvuso visākha ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena tayo khandhā
        saṅgahitā, tīhi  ca kho āvuso visākha khandhehi ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo
        saṅgahito. Yā cāvuso visākha sammāvācā, yo ca sammākammanto,
        yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā. Yo ca sammāvāyāmo,
        yā ca sammāsati, yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe
        saṅgahitā. Yā ca sammādiṭṭhi yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā
        paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā"ti. 1-
     Catubbidho sotāpattimaggādivasena.
     Apica sabbāneva saccāni ekavidhāni avitathattā, abhiññeyyattā vā, duvidhāni
lokiyalokuttarato, saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato vā. Tividhāni dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbato
appahātabbato nevapahātabbanāpahātabbato ca. Catubbidhāni
pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbatoti.
              Evaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ        dubbodhānaṃ budho vidhiṃ
              anekabhedato jaññā      hitāya ca sukhāya cāti.
                      Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                           -----------
@Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/462/412
     Idāni dhammasenāpati bhagavatā desitakkameneva ante saccacatukkaṃ niddisitvā
"taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇan"tiādinā saccacatukkavasena sutamaye ñāṇaṃ nigametvā dasseti,
evaṃ "sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇan"ti pubbe vuttaṃ sabbaṃ nigametvā
dassetīti.
                 Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya
                    sutamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.
                         --------------



             The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 47 page 174-217. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=47&A=3890              อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=47&A=3890              อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=31&i=85              เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=31&A=906              พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=31&A=1153              The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=31&A=1153              Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 31 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_31

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