AtthaPali Vol.33

12. Dvādasakanipāta 378. 1. Sīlavattheragāthāvaṇṇanā dvādasakanipāte sīlamevātiādikā āyasmato sīlavattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe bimbisārarañño putto hutvā nibbatti, sīlavātissa nāmaṃ ahosi. Taṃ vayappattaṃ rājā ajātasattu māretukāmo caṇḍaṃ mattahatthiṃ āropetvā nānāvidhehi upāyehi upakkamantopi māretuṃ nāsakkhi pacchimabhavikassa arahattaṃ apatvā antarā jīvitantarāyābhāvato. Tassa pavattiṃ ^1- disvā bhagavā mahāmoggallānattheraṃ āṇāpesi "sīlavakumāraṃ ānehī"ti. Thero iddhibalena saddhiṃ hatthinā taṃ ^2- ānesi. Kumāro hatthito oruyha bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Bhagavā tassa ajjhāsayānurūpaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. So dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto na cirasseva arahattaṃ patvā kosalaraṭṭhe vasati. Atha naṃ ajātasattu "mārethā"ti purise āṇāpesi. Te therassa santikaṃ gantvā ṭhitā therena kathitaṃ dhammakathaṃ sutvā sañjātasaṃvegā pasannacittā hutvā pabbajiṃsu. Thero tesaṃ:- [608] "sīlamevidha sikkhetha asmiṃ loke susikkhitaṃ sīlaṃ hi sabbasampattiṃ upanāmeti sevitaṃ. [609] Sīlaṃ rakkheyya medhāvī patthayāno tayo sukhe pasaṃsaṃ vittilābhañca pecca sagge pamodanaṃ. @Footnote: ¹ Sī. paripanthaṃ, i. paṭipattiṃ ² Sī. iddhibalena hatthināgaṃ, i. iddhibalena @saddhiṃ hatthināgaṃ [610] Sīlavā hi bahū mitte saññamenādhigacchati dussīlo pana mittehi dhaṃsate pāpamācaraṃ. [611] Avaṇṇañca akittiñca dussīlo labhate naro vaṇṇaṃ kittiṃ pasaṃsañca sadā labhati sīlavā. [612] Ādi sīlaṃ patiṭṭhā ca kalyāṇānañca mātukaṃ pamukhaṃ sabbadhammānaṃ tasmā sīlaṃ visodhaye. [613] Velā ca saṃvaraṃ sīlaṃ cittassa abhihāsanaṃ titthañca sabbabuddhānaṃ tasmā sīlaṃ visodhaye. [614] Sīlaṃ balaṃ appaṭimaṃ sīlaṃ āvudhamuttamaṃ ^1- sīlamābharaṇaṃ seṭṭhaṃ sīlaṃ kavacamabbhutaṃ. ^2- [615] Sīlaṃ setu mahesakkho sīlaṃ gandho anuttaro sīlaṃ vilepanaṃ seṭṭhaṃ yena vāti disodisaṃ. [616] Sīlaṃ sambalamevaggaṃ sīlaṃ pātheyyamuttamaṃ sīlaṃ seṭṭho ativāho yena yāti disodisaṃ. [617] Idheva nindaṃ labhati peccāpāye ca dummano sabbattha dummano bālo sīlesu asamāhito. [618] Idheva kittiṃ labhati pecca sagge ca summano sabbattha sumano dhīro sīlesu susamāhito. [619] Sīlameva idha aggaṃ paññavā pana uttamo manussesu ca devesu sīlapaññāṇato jayanti imāhi gāthāhi dhammaṃ desesi. Tattha sīlamevidha sikkhetha, asmiṃ loketi idhāti nipātamattaṃ, imasmiṃ sattaloke atthakāmo kulaputto cārittavārittādibhedaṃ ādito sīlameva sikkheyya, sikkhanto @Footnote: ¹ i. āvudhaṃ uttamaṃ ² i. kavacaṃ abbhutaṃ Ca naṃ susikkhitaṃ akhaṇḍādibhāvāpādanena suṭṭhu sikkhitaṃ suparisuddhaṃ paripuṇṇañca katvā sikkheyya. Asmiṃ loketi vā imasmiṃ saṅkhāraloke sikkhitabbadhammesu sīlaṃ ādito sikkheyya. Diṭṭhisampattiyāpi sīlassa patiṭṭhābhāvato āha "sīlaṃ hī"tiādi. Tattha hīti kāraṇavacanaṃ. Yasmā sīlaṃ sevitaṃ paricitaṃ rakkhitaṃ manussasampatti dibba- sampatti nibbānasamapattīti ^1- etaṃ sabbasampattiṃ taṃsamaṅgino sattassa upanāmeti āvahati. Sīlaṃ sabbasampattiṃ upanāmetīti saṅkhepato vuttamatthaṃ vitthārato dassento "sīlaṃ rakkheyyā"tiādimāha. Tattha rakkheyyāti gopeyya. Pāṇātipātādito hi viramanto vattapaṭivattañca pūrento paṭipakkhābhibhavanato taṃ rakkhati nāma. Medhāvīti paññavā, idaṃ tassa rakkhanupāyadassanaṃ, ñāṇabalena hissa samādānaṃ avikopanañca hoti. Patthayānoti icchanto. Tayo sukheti tīṇi sukhāni. Sukhanimittaṃ vā "sukhan"ti adhippetaṃ. Pasaṃsanti kittiṃ viññūhi vā pasaṃsanaṃ. Vittilābhanti tuṭṭhilābhaṃ. "vittalābhan"ti ca paṭhanti, dhanalābhanti attho. Sīlavā hi appamattatāya mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigacchati. Peccāti kālaṅkatvā. Sagge pamodananti devaloke iṭṭhehi kāmaguṇehi modanañca patthayamānoti sambandho. Idhaloke pasaṃsaṃ vittilābhaṃ paraloke dibba- sampattiyā modanañca icchanto sīlaṃ rakkheyyāti yojanā. Saññamenāti kāyādīnaṃ ^2- saṃyamena. Saṃyato hi kāyaduccaritādīhi kañci aviheṭhento abhayadānaṃ dadanto piyamanāpatāya mittāni ganthati. Dhaṃsateti apeti. Pāpamācaranti pāṇātipātādipāpakammaṃ karonto. Dussīlaṃ hi puggalaṃ atthakāmā sattā na bhajanti, aññadatthu parivajjenti. Avaṇṇanti aguṇaṃ sammukhā garahaṃ vā. Akittinti ayasaṃ ^3- asilokaṃ. Vaṇṇanti guṇaṃ. Kittinti silokaṃ patthatayasataṃ. Pasaṃsanti sammukhā thomanaṃ. @Footnote: ¹ Sī.,i. manussasampatti devasampatti brahmasampatti nibbānasampattīti, @Ma. manussasampattiṃ dibbasampattiṃ nibbānasampattinti @² i.,Ma. kāyādīhi ³ Sī.,i. āyasakyaṃ Ādīti mūlaṃ. Sīlaṃ hi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādi. Yathāha "tasmātiha tvaṃ bhikkhu ādimeva visodhehi kusalesu dhammesu. Ko cādi kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ, sīlañca suvisuddhan"ti. ^1- Patiṭṭhāti adhiṭṭhānaṃ. Sīlañhi sabbesaṃ uttarimanussadhammānaṃ patiṭṭhā. Tenāha "sīle patiṭṭhāyā"tiādi. ^2- Kalyāṇānañca mātukanti samathavipassanā- dīnaṃ kalyāṇadhammānaṃ mātubhūtaṃ, janakanti attho. Pamukhaṃ sabbadhammānanti sabbesaṃ pāmojjādīnaṃ anavajjadhammānaṃ pamukhaṃ mukhabhūtaṃ, pavattidvāranti attho. Tasmāti ādibhāvādito. Visodhayeti akkhaṇḍādibhāvena sampādeyya. Velāti duccaritehi anatikkamanīyaṭṭhena velā, sīmāti attho. Velāyati vā dussīlyaṃ calayati ^3- viddhaṃsetīti velā. Saṃvaraṃ sīlaṃ kāyaduccaritādīnaṃ uppatti- dvārassa pidahanato. Abhihāsananti tosanaṃ avippaṭisārahetutāya cittassābhippamodanato. Titthañca sabbabuddhānanti sāvakabuddhā paccekabuddhā sammāsambuddhāti sabbesaṃ buddhānaṃ kilesamalappavāhane ^4- nibbānamahāsamuddāvagāhaṇe ca titthabhūtañca. Sīlaṃ balaṃ appaṭimanti mārasenappamaddane asadisaṃ balaṃ senāthāmo ca. Āvudha- muttamanti saṅkilesadhammānaṃ chedane uttamaṃ paharaṇaṃ. Guṇasarīropasobhaṇaṭṭhena ābharaṇaṃ. Seṭṭhanti sabbakālaṃ uttamaṃ dabbañca. Sapāṇaparittānato ^5- kavacamabbhutaṃ. "abbhidan"ti ca paṭhanti, abhejjanti attho. Apāyamahoghātikkamane saṃsāramahoghātikkamane ca kilesehi asaṃsīdanaṭṭhena ^6- setu. Mahesakkhoti mahabbalo. Gandho anuttaroti paṭivātaṃ sabbadisāsu vāyanato anuttaro gandho sabbajanamanoharattā. Tenāha "yena vāti disodisanti, yena sīlagandhena taṃsamaṅgī disodisaṃ sabbā disā vāyati. Disodisātipi pāli, dasa disāti ^7- attho. @Footnote: ¹ saṃ.mahā. 19/369/125 bhikkhusutta ² saṃ.sagā. 15/23,192/16,198 @jaṭāsutta, (khu.netti. 10/197, khu.milinda. 11/33 (cha.Ma.) @³ Sī.,i. velāyati dussilyaṃ veleti ⁴ Sī. kilesamalappahāṇamāha, @i. kilesamalappavāhanamāha,tena ⁵ Ma. uttamaṃ. dubbacasarapāta..... @⁶ Sī.,i. asaṃhīraṭṭhena ⁷ Sī. dasapi disātipi Sambalamevagganti sambalaṃ nāma puṭabhattaṃ. Yathā puṭabhattaṃ gahetvā maggaṃ gacchanto puriso antarāmagge jighacchādukkhena na kilamati, evaṃ sīlasampannopi suddhaṃ sīlasambalaṃ gahetvā saṃsārakantāraṃ paṭipanno gatagataṭṭhāne na kilamatīti sīlaṃ aggaṃ sambalaṃ nāma, tathā sīlaṃ pātheyyamuttamaṃ corādīhi asādhāraṇattā tattha tattha icchitabbasampattinipphādanato ca. Atikkāmento taṃ taṃ ṭhānaṃ yathicchitaṭṭhānaṃ vā vāheti sampāpetīti ativāho, yānaṃ. Kenaci anupaddutaṃ hutvā icchitaṭṭhānap- pattihetutāya sīlaṃ seṭṭhaṃ ativāho. Yenāti yena ativāhena yāti disodisanti agatiṃ gatiñcāpi taṃ taṃ disaṃ sukheneva gacchati. Idheva nindaṃ labhatīti idhalokepi dummano rāgādīhi dūsitacitto "dussīlo pāpa- dhammo"ti nindaṃ garahaṃ labhati. Pecca paralokepi apāye "purisattakali avajātā"ti- ādinā yamapurisādīhi ca nindaṃ labhati. Na kevalaṃ nindameva labhati, athakho sabbattha dummano bālo idhaloke duccaritacaraṇena dūsitacitto paraloke kammakāraṇādivasena dukkhuppattiyāti sabbattha bālo dummano hoti. Kathaṃ? sīlesu asamāhito sammā sīlesu na ṭhapitacitto appatiṭṭhitacitto. Idheva kittiṃ labhatīti idhalokepi sumano "sappuriso sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo"ti kittiṃ labhati. Pecca paralokepi sagge "ayaṃ sappuriso sīlavā kalyāṇadhammo. Tathā hi devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapanno"tiādinā kittiṃ labhati. Na kevalaṃ kittimeva labhati, athakho dhīro dhitisampanno sīlesu suṭṭhu samāhito appitacitto supatiṭṭhitacitto sabbattha idhaloke sucaritacaraṇena paraloke sampattipaṭilābhena sumano somanassappatto hoti. Sīlameva idha agganti duvidhaṃ sīlaṃ lokiyaṃ lokuttaranti. Tattha lokiyaṃ tāva kāmaloke khattiyamahāsālādīsu devaloke brahmaloke ca upapattivisesaṃ ^1- āvahati, lābhībhāvādikassa ca kāraṇaṃ hoti. Lokuttaraṃ pana sakalampi vaṭṭadukkhaṃ atikkāmetīti sīlaṃ aggameva. Tathā hi vuttaṃ:- @Footnote: ¹ Sī.,i. uppattivisesaṃ "hīnena brahmacariyena khattiye upapajjati majjhimena ca devattaṃ uttamena visujjhatī"ti. ^1- "ākaṅkheyya ce bhikkhave bhikkhu `lābhī assaṃ cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilāna- paccayabhesajjaparikkhārānan"ti ^2- "sīle svevassa paripūrakārī"ti ^3- "ijjhati bhikkhave sīlavato cetopaṇidhi visuddhattā"ti ^4- ca. Lokuttarasīlassa pana sabbaso pahīnapaṭipakkhassa sattamabhāvato ^5- paṭṭhāya saṃsāra- dukkhaṃ vinivattentassa aggabhāve vattabbameva natthi. Paññavā pana uttamoti "paññavā pana uggalo uttamo paramo seṭṭhoyevā"ti puggalādhiṭṭhānena paññāya eva seṭṭhabhāvaṃ vadati. Idāni sīlapaññānaṃ seṭṭhakabhāvaṃ kiccato dassento "sīla- paññāṇato jayan"ti āha. Jayanti ca liṅgavippallāso daṭṭhabbo, ahūti vā vacanaseso. Tattha pajānanaṭṭhena paññāṇaṃ, sīlato paññāṇato ca paṭipakkhajayo. Na hi sīlena vinā paññā sambhavati, paññāya ca vinā sīlaṃ kiccakaraṃ, aññamaññopakārakaṃ ^6- cetaṃ. Vuttañhi "sīlaparidhotā paññā, paññāparidhotaṃ sīlan"ti. ^7- Manussesu ca devesūti idaṃ nesaṃ ṭhānavisesadassanaṃ. Tattha hi tāni savisesāni vattanti, samādhi panettha sīlapakkhiko paññāya adhiṭṭhānabhāvato paññāpakkhiko vā bhāvetabbato sīlādhiṭṭhānato ca. Evaṃ thero tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ sīlamukhena dhammaṃ desento attano suvisuddhasīlādi- guṇatādīpanena aññaṃ byākāsi. Sīlavattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. @Footnote: ¹ khu.jā. 27/1186/249 ādittajātaka (syā) ² Ma.mū. 12/95/43 ākaṅkheyyasutta @³ Ma.mū. 12/65/43 aṅkaṅkheyyasutta @⁴ dī.pāṭi. 11/337/228 saṅgītisutta, aṅ.aṭṭhaka. 23/35/243 dānūpapattisutta @⁵ Sī.,i. sasataṃ sambhavato ⁶ i. aññamaññapakāraṇaṃ ⁷ dī.Sī. 9/317/123 sīlapaññākathā

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 33 page 241-246. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=33&A=5543 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=33&A=5543 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=26&i=378 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=26&A=7120 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=26&A=7268 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=26&A=7268 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 26 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_26