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Paramatthajotikā nāma khuddakanikāyaṭṭhakathā suttanipātavaṇṇanā --------- namo tassa bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa. Ganthārambhakathā uttamaṃ vandaneyyānaṃ vanditvā ratanattayaṃ yo khuddakanikāyamhi khuddācārappahāyinā. Desito lokanāthena lokanissaraṇesinā tassa suttanipātassa karissāmatthavaṇṇanaṃ. Ayaṃ suttanipāto ca khuddakesveva ogadho yasmā tasmā imassāpi karissāmatthavaṇṇanaṃ. Gāthāsatasamākiṇṇo geyyabyākaraṇaṅkito kasmā suttanipātoti saṅkhamesa gatoti ce. Suvuttato savanato atthānaṃ suṭṭhu tāṇato sūcanā sūdanā ceva yasmā suttaṃ pavuccati. Tathārūpāni suttāni nipātetvā tato tato samūhato ayaṃ tasmā saṅkhamevamupāgato. Sabbāni cāpi suttāni pamāṇantena tādino vacanāni ayaṃ tesaṃ nipāto ca 1- yato tato. Aññasaṅkhānimittānaṃ visesānamabhāvato saṅkhaṃ suttanipātoti evameva samajjhagāti. @Footnote: 1 Ma. nipātova--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page2.
1. Uragavagga 1. Uragasuttavaṇṇanā evaṃ samadhigatasaṅkho ca yasmā esa vaggato uragavaggo cūḷavaggo mahāvaggo aṭṭhakavaggo pārāyanavaggoti pañca vaggā honti, tesu uragavaggo ādi. Suttato uragavagge dvādasa suttāni, cūḷavagge cuddasa, mahāvagge dvādasa, aṭṭhakavagge soḷasa, pārāyanavagge soḷasāti sattati suttāni, tesaṃ uragasuttaṃ ādi. Pariyattippamāṇato aṭṭha bhāṇavāRā. Evaṃ vaggasuttapariyattippamāṇavato panassa:- "yo uppatitaṃ vineti kodhaṃ visaṭaṃ sappavisaṃva osadhehi so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ urago jiṇṇamivattacaṃ purāṇan"ti ayaṃ gāthā ādi. Tasmā assā ito pabhuti atthavaṇṇanaṃ kātuṃ idaṃ vuccati:- "yena yattha yadā yasmā vuttā gāthā ayaṃ imaṃ vidhiṃ pakāsayitvāssā 1- karissāmatthavaṇṇanan"ti kena panāyaṃ gāthā vuttā, kattha, kadā, kasmā ca vuttāti. Vuccate:- yo so bhagavā catuvīsatibuddhasantike laddhabyākaraṇo yāva vessantarajātakaṃ, tāva pāramiyo pūretvā tusitabhavane uppajji, tatopi cavitvā sakyarājakule uppattiṃ gahetvā anupubbena katamahābhinikkhamano bodhirukkhamūle sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambujjhitvā dhammacakkaṃ pavattetvā devamanussānaṃ hitāya dhammaṃ desesi, tena bhagavatā sayambhunā anācariyakena sammāsambuddhena vuttā. Sā pana āḷaviyaṃ. Yadā ca bhūtagāmasikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, tadā tattha upagatānaṃ dhammadesanatthaṃ vuttāti ayamettha saṅkhepavissajjanā. Vitthārato pana @Footnote: 1 Sī., ka. pakāsayitvāssa--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page3.
Dūrenidānaavidūrenidānasantikenidānavasena veditabbā. Tattha dūrenidānaṃ nāma dīpaṅkarato yāva paccuppannavatthukathā, avidūrenidānaṃ nāma tusitabhavanato yāva paccuppannavatthukathā, santikenidānaṃ nāma bodhimaṇḍato yāva paccuppannavatthukathāti. Tattha yasmā avidūrenidānaṃ santikenidānañca dūrenidāneyeva samodhānaṃ gacchanti, tasmā dūrenidānavasenevettha vitthārato vissajjanā veditabbā. Sā panesā jātakaṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttāti idha na vitthāritā, tato tattha vitthāritanayeneva veditabbā. Ayaṃ pana viseso:- tattha paṭhamagāthāya sāvatthiyaṃ vatthu uppannaṃ, idha āḷaviyaṃ. Yathāha:- tena samayena buddho bhagavā āḷaviyaṃ viharati aggāḷave cetiye, tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū navakammaṃ karontā rukkhaṃ chindantipi chedāpentipi, aññataropi āḷavako bhikkhu rukkhaṃ chindati, tasmiṃ rukkhe adhivatthā devatā taṃ bhikkhuṃ etadavoca "mā bhante attano bhavanaṃ kattukāmo mayhaṃ bhavanaṃ chindī"ti, so bhikkhu anādiyanto chindiyeva, tassā ca devatāya dārakassa bāhuṃ ākoṭesi. Atha kho tassā devatāya etadahosi "yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ bhikkhuṃ idheva jīvitā voropeyyan"ti. atha kho tassā devatāya etadahosi "na kho metaṃ patirūpaṃ, yāhaṃ imaṃ bhikkhuṃ idheva jīvitā voropeyyaṃ, yannūnāhaṃ bhagavato etamatthaṃ āroceyyan"ti. Atha kho sā devatā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato etamatthaṃ ārocesi. Sādhu sādhu devate, sādhu kho tvaṃ devate taṃ bhikkhuṃ jīvitā na voropesi. sacajja tvaṃ devate taṃ bhikkhuṃ jīvitā voropeyyāsi, bahuṃ ca tvaṃ devate apuññaṃ pasaveyyāsi. gaccha tvaṃ devate amukasmiṃ okāse rukkho vivitto, tasmiṃ upagacchāti. 1- @Footnote: 1 vi. mahāvi. 2/89/159--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page4.
Evañca pana vatvā puna bhagavā tassā devatāya uppannakodhavinayanatthaṃ:- "yo ve uppatitaṃ kodhaṃ rathaṃ bhantaṃva vāraye"ti 1- imaṃ gāthamabhāsi. Tato "kathaṃ hi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā rukkhaṃ chindissantipi chedāpessantipi, ekindriyaṃ samaṇā sakyaputtiyā jīvaṃ viheṭhentī"ti evaṃ manussānaṃ ujjhāyitaṃ sutvā bhikkhūhi ārocito bhagavā "bhūtagāmapātabyatāya pācittiyan"ti 2- imaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññāpetvā tattha upagatānaṃ dhammadesanatthaṃ:- "yo ve uppatitaṃ vineti kodhaṃ visaṭaṃ sappavisaṃva osadhehī"ti imaṃ gāthamabhāsi. Evamidaṃ ekaṃyeva vatthu tīsu ṭhānesu saṅgahaṃ gataṃ vinaye dhammapade suttanipāteti. Ettāvatā ca yā sā mātikā ṭhapitā:- "yena yattha yadā yasmā vuttā gāthā ayaṃ imaṃ vidhiṃ pakāsayitvāssa karissāmatthavaṇṇanan"ti. Sā saṅkhepato vitthārato ca pakāsitā hoti ṭhapetvā atthavaṇṇanaṃ. [1] Ayaṃ panettha atthavaṇṇanā:- yoti yo yādiso khattiyakulā vā pabbajito brāhmaṇakulā vā pabbajito navo vā majjhimo vā thero vā. Uppatitanti uddhamuddhaṃ patitaṃ gataṃ, pavattanti attho, uppannanti vuttaṃ hoti. Uppannañca nāmetaṃ vattamānabhutvāpagatokāsakatabhūmiladdhavasena anekappabhedaṃ. Tattha sabbampi saṅkhataṃ uppādādisamaṅgi vattamānuppannaṃ nāma, yaṃ sandhāya "uppannā dhammā, anuppannā dhammā, uppādino dhammā"ti 3- vuttaṃ. Ārammaṇarasamanubhavitvā niruddhaṃ anubhutvāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ kusalākusalaṃ, uppādādittayamanuppatvā niruddhaṃ bhutvāpagatasaṅkhātaṃ sesasaṅkhatañca bhutvāpagatuppannaṃ nāma. Tadetaṃ "evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hotī"ti 4- ca "yathā ca uppannassa satisambojjhaṅgassa bhāvanāpāripūrī hotī"ti ca evamādīsu suttantesu daṭṭhabbaṃ. "yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni @Footnote: 1 khu. dha. 25/222/56 2 vi. mahāvi. 2/90/160 @3 abhi. saṅ. 34/17/3 4 vi. mahāvi. 2/417/305, Ma.mū. 12/234/196--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page5.
Katānī"ti evamādinā 1- nayena vuttaṃ kammaṃ atītampi samānaṃ aññassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassokāsaṃ katvā ṭhitattā, tathā katokāsañca vipākaṃ anuppannampi evaṃ kate okāse avassamuppattito okāsakatuppannaṃ nāma. Tāsu tāsu bhūmīsu asamūhatamakusalaṃ bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ nāma. Ettha ca bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ:- seyyathidaṃ? Bhūmi nāma vipassanāya ārammaṇabhūtā tebhūmakā pañcakkhandhā. Bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma tesu uppattirahaṃ 2- kilesajātaṃ. Tena hi sā bhūmiladdhā nāma hotīti. Tasmā "bhūmiladdhan"ti vuccati. Tañca pana na ārammaṇavasena. Ārammaṇavasena hi sabbepi atītādibhede pariññātepi ca khīṇāsavānaṃ khandhe ārabbha kilesā uppajjanti mahākaccāyanauppalavaṇṇādīnaṃ khandhe ārabbha nandamāṇavakasoreyyaseṭṭhiputtādīnaṃ 3- viya. Yadi cetaṃ bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma siyā, tassa appaheyyato na koci bhavamūlaṃ jaheyya. Vatthuvasena pana bhūmiladdhaṃ nāma veditabbaṃ. Yattha hi vipassanāya apariññātā khandhā uppajjanti, tattha tattha uppādato pabhuti tesu vaṭṭamūlakaṃ kilesajātaṃ anuseti, taṃ appahīnaṭṭhena bhūmiladdhuppannaṃ nāmāti veditabbaṃ. Tattha ca yassa khandhesu appahīnānusayitā kilesā, tassa te eva khandhā tesaṃ kilesānaṃ vatthu, na itare khandhā. Atītakkhandhesu cassa appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ atītakkhandhā eva vatthu, na itare. Eseva nayo anāgatādīsu. Tathā kāmāvacarakkhandhesu appahīnānusayitānaṃ kilesānaṃ kāmāvacarakkhandhā eva vatthu, na itare. Esa nayo rūpārūpāvacaresu. Sotāpannādīnaṃ pana yassa yassa ariyapuggalassa khandhesu taṃ taṃ vaṭṭamūlaṃ kilesajātaṃ tena tena maggena pahīnaṃ, tassa tassa te te khandhā pahīnānaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ avatthuto bhūmīti saṅkhaṃ na labhanti. Puthujjanassa pana sabbaso vaṭṭamūlānaṃ kilesānaṃ appahīnattā yaṅkiñci kariyamānaṃ kammaṃ kusalaṃ vā akusalaṃ vā hoti, iccassa kilesappaccayā 4- vaṭṭaṃ vaḍḍhati. Tassetaṃ @Footnote: 1 Ma. u. 14/248/215 2 cha.Ma. uppattārahaṃ @3 cha.Ma. soreyyaseṭṭhiputtanandamāṇavakādīnaṃ 4 Sī. kammakilesapaccayā--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page6.
Vaṭṭamūlaṃ rūpakkhandhe eva, na vedanākkhandhādīsu .pe. Viññāṇakkhandhe eva vā, na rūpakkhandhādīsūti na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? avisesena pañcasu khandhesu anusayitattā. Kathaṃ? paṭhavīrasādimiva rukkhe. Yathā hi mahārukkhe paṭhavītalaṃ adhiṭṭhāya paṭhavīrasañca āporasañca nissāya tappaccayā mūlakkhandhasākhapasākhapattapallava- palāsapupphaphalehi vaḍḍhitvā nabhaṃ pūretvā yāvakappāvasānaṃ bījaparamparāya rukkhappaveṇīsantāne ṭhite "taṃ paṭhavīrasādi mūle eva, na khandhādīsu, phale eva vā, na mūlādīsū"ti na vattabbaṃ. Kasmā? avisesena sabbesveva mūlādīsu anugatattā, evaṃ. Yathā pana tasseva rukkhassa pupphaphalādīsu nibbinno koci puriso catūsu disāsu maṇḍūkakaṇṭakaṃ nāma rukkhe visaṃ payojeyya, atha so rukkho tena visasamphassena phuṭṭho paṭhavīrasaāporasapariyādinnena appasavanadhammataṃ āgamma puna santānaṃ nibbattetuṃ samattho na bhaveyya, evameva khandhappavattiyaṃ nibbinno kulaputto tassa purisassa catūsu disāsu rukkhe visappayojanaṃ viya attano santāne catumaggabhāvanaṃ ārabhati, athassa so khandhasantāno tena catumaggavisasamphassena sabbaso vaṭṭamūlakilesānaṃ pariyādinnattā kiriyābhāvamatta- mupagatakāyakammādisabbakammappabhedo āyatiṃ punabbhavābhinibbattadhammataṃ āgamma bhavantarasantānaṃ nibbattetuṃ samattho na hoti. Kevalaṃ pana carimaviññāṇanirodhena nirindhano viya jātavedo anupādāno parinibbāti. Evaṃ bhūmiyā bhūmiladdhassa ca nānattaṃ veditabbaṃ. Apica aparampi samudācārārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatavasena catubbidhamuppannaṃ. Tattha vattamānuppannameva samudācāruppannaṃ. Cakkhvādīnaṃ pana āpāthagate ārammaṇe pubbabhāge anuppajjamānampi kilesajātaṃ ārammaṇassa adhiggahitattā eva aparabhāge avassamuppattito ārammaṇādhiggahituppannanti vuccati. Kalyāṇagāme piṇḍāya carato mahātissattherassa visabhāgarūpadassanena uppannakilesajātaṃ cettha nidassanaṃ. Tassa "uppannaṃ kāmavitakkan"tiādīsu 1- payogo daṭṭhabbo. Samathavipassanānaṃ aññataravasena avikkhambhitaṃ kilesajātaṃ @Footnote: 1 Ma.mū. 12/26/15, aṅ. chakka. 22/329/436 (syā)--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page7.
Cittasantatimanāruḷhampi uppattinivārakassa hetuno abhāvā avikkhambhituppannaṃ nāma. Taṃ "ayampi kho bhikkhave ānāpānassatisamādhi bhāvito bahulīkato santo ceva paṇīto ca asecanako ca sukho ca vihāro uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme ṭhānaso antaradhāpetī"tiādīsu 1- daṭṭhabbaṃ. Samathavipassanāvasena vikkhambhitampi kilesajātaṃ ariyamaggena asamūhatattā uppattidhammataṃ anatītanti katvā asamūhatuppannanti vuccati. Ākāsena gacchantassa aṭṭhasamāpattilābhino therassa kusumitarukkhe upavane pupphāni ocinantassa madhurassarena gāyato mātugāmassa gītassaraṃ sutavato uppannakilesajātaṃ cettha nidassanaṃ. Tassa "ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ bahulīkaronto uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme antarāyeva antaradhāpetī"tiādīsu 2- payogo daṭṭhabbo. Tividhampi cetaṃ ārammaṇādhiggahitāvikkhambhitāsamūhatuppannaṃ bhūmiladdheneva saṅgahaṃ gacchatīti veditabbaṃ. Evameva tasmiṃ 3- yathāvuttappabhede uppanne bhūmiladdhārammaṇādhiggahitā- vikkhambhitāsamūhatuppannavasenāyaṃ kodho uppannoti veditabbo. Kasmā? evaṃvidhassa vinetabbato. Evaṃvidhameva hi uppannaṃ yena kenaci vinayena vinetuṃ sakkā hoti. Yaṃ panetaṃ vattamānabhutvāpagatokāsakatasamudācārasaṅkhātaṃ uppannaṃ, ettha aphalo ca asakyo ca vāyāmo. Aphalo hi bhutvāpagate vāyāmo vāyāmantarenāpi tassa niruddhattā. Tathā okāsakate. Asakyo ca vattamānasamudācāruppanne kilesavodānānaṃ ekajjhamanuppattitoti. Vinetīti ettha pana:- duvidho vinayo nāma ekamekettha pañcadhā tesu aṭṭhavidhenesa vinetīti pavuccati. Ayañhi saṃvaravinayo pahānavinayoti duvidho vinayo, ettha ca duvidhe vinaye ekameko vinayo pañcadhā bhijjati. Saṃvaravinayopi hi sīlasaṃvaro satisaṃvaro @Footnote: 1 vi. mahāvi. 1/165/95 2 saṃ. mahā. 19/157/47 3 cha.Ma. evametasmiṃ--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page8.
Ñāṇasaṃvaro khantisaṃvaro vīriyasaṃvaroti pañcavidho, pahānavinayopi tadaṅgappahānaṃ vikkhambhanappahānaṃ samucchedappahānaṃ paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ nissaraṇappahānanti pañcavidho. Tattha "iminā pātimokkhasaṃvarena upeto hoti samupeto"tiādīsu 1- sīlasaṃvaro. "rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjatī"tiādīsu 2- satisaṃvaro. "yāni sotāni lokasmiṃ (ajitāti bhagavā) sati tesaṃ nivāraṇaṃ sotānaṃ saṃvaraṃ brūmi paññāyete pithiyyare"ti- ādīsu 3- ñāṇasaṃvaro. "khamo hoti sītassa uṇhassā"tiādīsu 4- khantisaṃvaro. "uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodetī"tiādīsu 5- vīriyasaṃvaro veditabbo. Sabbopi cāyaṃ saṃvaro yathāsakaṃ saṃvaritabbānaṃ vinetabbānaṃ ca kāyavacīduccaritādīnaṃ saṃvaraṇato saṃvaro, vinayanato vinayoti vuccati. Evantāva saṃvaravinayo pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo. Tathā yaṃ nāmarūpaparicchedādīsu vipassanaṅgesu yāva attano aparihānavasena pavatti, tāva tena tena ñāṇena tassa tassa anatthasantānassa pahānaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ? nāmarūpavavatthānena sakkāyadiṭṭhiyā, paccayapariggahena ahetuvisamahetudiṭṭhīnaṃ, tasseva aparabhāgena kaṅkhāvitaraṇena kathaṃkathībhāvassa, kalāpasammasanena "ahaṃ mamā"ti gāhassa, maggāmaggavavatthānena amagge maggasaññāya, udayadassanena ucchedadiṭṭhiyā, vayadassanena sassatadiṭṭhiyā, bhayadassanena sabhayesu abhayasaññāya, ādīnavadassanena assādasaññāya, nibbidānupassanena abhiratisaññāya, muccitukamyatāñāṇena amuccitukamyatāya, upekkhāñāṇena anupekkhāya, anulomena @Footnote: 1 abhi. vi. 35/511/296 2 dī. Sī. 9/213/70, Ma. mū. 12/295/258, @ saṃ. saḷā. 18/317/220 (syā), aṅ tika. 20/16/108 3 khu. su. 25/1042/532 @4 Ma. mū. 12/24/14, aṅ. catukka. 21/114/134 5 Ma. mū. 12/26/15, @ aṅ. catukka. 21/114/133--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page9.
Dhammaṭṭhitiyaṃ nibbāne ca paṭilomabhāvassa, gotrabhunā saṅkhāranimittaggāhassa pahānaṃ, etaṃ tadaṅgappahānaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana upacārappanābhedassa samādhino yāva attano aparihāni pavatti, tāva tenābhihatānaṃ nīvaraṇānaṃ yathāsakaṃ vitakkādipaccanīkadhammānaṃ ca anuppattisaṅkhātaṃ padānaṃ, etaṃ vikkhambhanappahānaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana catunnaṃ ariyamaggānaṃ bhāvitattā taṃtaṃmaggavato attano santāne yathāsakaṃ "diṭṭhigatānaṃ pahānāyā"tiādinā 1- nāyena vuttassa samudayapakkhiyassa kilesagaṇassa puna accantaappavattibhāvena samucchedasaṅkhātaṃ pahānaṃ, idaṃ samucchedappahānaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana phalakkhaṇe paṭippassaddhattaṃ kilesānaṃ pahānaṃ, etaṃ paṭippassaddhippahānaṃ nāma. Yaṃ pana sabbasaṅkhatanissaraṇattā pahīnasabbasaṅkhataṃ nibbānaṃ, etaṃ nissaraṇappahānaṃ nāma. Sabbampi cetaṃ pahānaṃ yasmā cāgaṭṭhena pahānaṃ, vinayanaṭṭhena vinayo, tasmā "pahānavinayo"ti vuccati, taṃtaṃpahānavato vā tassa tassa vinayassa sambhavatopetaṃ "pahānavinayo"ti vuccati. Evaṃ pahānavinayopi pañcadhā bhijjatīti veditabbo. Evamekekassa pañcadhā bhinnattā dasete vinayā honti. Tesu paṭippassaddhivinayaṃ nissaraṇavinayañca ṭhapetvā avasesena aṭṭhavidhena vinayenesa tena tena pariyāyena vinetīti vuccati. 2- Kathaṃ? sīlasaṃvarena kāyavacīduccaritāni vinentopi hi taṃsampayuttaṃ kodhaṃ vineti, satipaññāsaṃvarehi abhijjhādomanassādīni vinentopi domanassasampayuttaṃ kodhaṃ vineti, khantisaṃvarena sītādīni khamantopi taṃtaṃāghātavatthusambhavaṃ kodhaṃ vineti, vīriyasaṃvarena byāpādavitakkaṃ vinentopi taṃsampayuttaṃ kodhaṃ vineti, yehi dhammehi tadaṅgavikkhambhanasamucchedappahānāni honti, tesaṃ dhammānaṃ attani nibbattanena te te dhamme pajahantopi tadaṅgappahātabbaṃ vikkhambhetabbaṃ samucchinditabbañca kodhaṃ vineti. Kāmañcettha pahānavinayena vinayo na sambhavati, yehi pana dhammehi pahānaṃ hoti, tehi vinentopi pariyāyato "pahānavinayena vinetī"ti vuccati. Paṭippassaddhippahānakāle pana vinetabbābhāvato nissaraṇappahānassa ca anuppādetabbato na tehi kiñaci @Footnote: 1 abhi. saṅ. 34/277/84 2 cha.Ma. pavuccati--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page10.
Vinetīti vuccati. Evaṃ tesu paṭippassaddhivinayaṃ nissaraṇavinayañca ṭhapetvā avasesena aṭṭhavidhena vinayenesa tena tena pariyāyena vinetīti vuccati. Ye vā:- "pañcime bhikkhave āghātapaṭivinayā, yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo. katame pañca, yasmiṃ bhikkhave puggale āghāto jāyetha, mettā tasmiṃ puggale bhāvetabbā .pe. Karuṇā, upekkhā, asatimanasikāro tasmiṃ puggale āpajjitabbo, evaṃ tasmiṃ puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo. kammassakatā eva vā tasmiṃ puggale adhiṭṭhātabbā `kammassako ayamāyasmā .pe. Dāyādo bhavissatī"ti 1- evaṃ pañca āghātapaṭivinayā vuttā, ye ca:- "pañcime āvuso āghātapaṭivinayā, yattha bhikkhuno uppanno āghāto sabbaso paṭivinetabbo. katame pañca, idhāvuso ekacco puggalo aparisuddhakāyasamācāro hoti parisuddhavacīsamācāro, evarūpepi āvuso puggale āghāto paṭivinetabbo"ti 1- evamādināpi nayena pañca āghātapaṭivinayā vuttā, tesu yena kenaci āghātapaṭivinayena vinentopesa vinetīti vuccati. 2- Apica yasmā:- "ubhatodaṇḍakena cepi bhikkhave kakacena corā ocarakā aṅgamaṅgāni okanteyyuṃ, tatrāpi yo mano padūseyya, na me so tena sāsanakaro"ti 3- evaṃ satthu ovādaṃ, "tasseva tena pāpiyo yo kuddhaṃ paṭikujjhati kuddhaṃ appaṭikujjhanto saṅgāmaṃ jeti dujjayaṃ. Ubhinnamatthaṃ carati attano ca parassa ca paraṃ saṅkupitaṃ ñatvā yo sato upasammati". 4- @Footnote: 1 aṅ pañcaka. 22/161/207 (syā) 2 cha.Ma. pavuccati 3 Ma.mū. 12/232/195 @4 saṃ.sa. 15/188/195--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page11.
"sattime bhikkhave dhammā sapattakantā sapattakaraṇā kodhanaṃ āgacchanti itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā, katame satta, idha bhikkhave sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati `aho vatāyaṃ dubbaṇṇo assā'ti. taṃ kissa hetu, na bhikkhave sapatto sapattassa vaṇṇavatāya nandati, kodhanāyaṃ bhikkhave purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto kiñcāpi so hoti sunhāto suvilitto kappitakesamassu odātavatthavasano, atha kho so dubbaṇṇova hoti kodhābhibhūto, ayaṃ bhikkhave paṭhamo dhammo sapattakanto sapattakaraṇo kodhanaṃ āgacchati itthiṃ vā purisaṃ vā. 1- Puna caparaṃ bhikkhave sapatto sapattassa evaṃ icchati `aho vatāyaṃ dukkhaṃ sayeyyā'ti .pe. `na Pacurattho assā'ti .pe. `na Bhogavā assā'ti .pe. `na Yasavā assā'ti .pe. `ne Mittavā assā'ti .pe. `kāyassa Bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyyā'ti. Taṃ kissa hetu, na bhikkhave sapatto sapattassa sugatigamanena nandati, kodhanāyaṃ bhikkhave purisapuggalo kodhābhibhūto kodhapareto kāyena duccaritaṃ carati, vācāya, manasā duccaritaṃ carati, so kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā .pe. vācāya .pe. manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā .pe. nirayaṃ upapajjati kodhābhibhūto"ti. 1- "kuddho atthaṃ na jānāti kuddho dhammaṃ na passati andhatamaṃ tadā hoti yaṃ kodho sahate naraṃ. 2- Yena kodhena kuddhāse sattā gacchanti duggatiṃ taṃ kodhaṃ sammadaññāya pajahanti vipassino. 3- Kodhaṃ jahe vippajaheyya mānaṃ saññojanaṃ sabbamatikkameyya. 4- @Footnote: 1 aṅ. sattaka. 23/61/96 (syā) 2 aṅ. sattaka. 23/61/99 (syā), @khu. mahā. 29/22/17 (syā) 3 khu. iti. 25/4/235 4 khu. dha. 25/221/56--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page12.
Anatthajanano kodho kodho cittappakopano bhayamantarato jātaṃ taṃ jano nāvabujjhati. 1- Ekāparādhaṃ khama bhūripañña na paṇḍitā kodhabalā bhavantī"ti 2- evamādinā nayena kodhe ādīnavañca paccavekkhatopi kodho vinayaṃ upeti. Tasmā evaṃ paccavekkhitvā kodhaṃ vinentopi esa vinetīti vuccati. Kodhanti "anatthaṃ me acarīti āghāto jāyatī"tiādinā 3- nayena sutte vuttānaṃ navannaṃ, "atthaṃ me na carī"tiādīnañca tappaṭipakkhato siddhānaṃ navannamevāti aṭṭhārasannaṃ, khāṇukaṇṭakādinā aṭṭhānena saddhiṃ ekūnavīsatiyā āghātavatthūnaṃ aññatarāghātavatthusambhavaṃ āghātaṃ. Visaṭanti vitthataṃ. Sappavisanti sappassa visaṃ. Ivāti opammavacanaṃ, ikāralopaṃ katvā vaicceva vuttaṃ. Osadhehīti agadehi. Idaṃ vuttaṃ hoti:- yathā visatikicchako vejjo sappena daṭṭhaṃ sabbakāyaṃ pharitvā ṭhitaṃ visaṭaṃ sappavisaṃ mūlakkhandhatacappattapupphādīnaṃ aññatarehi nānābhesajjehi, payojetvā katehi vā 4- osadhehi khippameva vineyya, evameva yo yathāvuttenatthena uppatitaṃ cittasantānaṃ byāpetvā ṭhitaṃ kodhaṃ yathāvuttesu vinayanūpāyesu kenaci upāyena vineti nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkarotīti. So bhikkhu jahāti orapāranti so evaṃ kodhaṃ vinento bhikkhu yasmā kodho tatiyamaggena sabbaso pahīyati, tasmā orapārasaññitāni pañcorambhāgiyasaññojanāni jahātīti veditabbo. Avisesena hi 5- pāranti tīrassa nāmaṃ, tasmā orāni ca tāni saṃsārasāgarassa pārabhūtāni cāti katvā "orapāran"ti vuccati. Atha vā yo uppatitaṃ vineti kodhaṃ visaṭaṃ sappavisaṃva osadhehi, so tatiyamaggena sabbaso kodhaṃ vinetvā anāgāmiphale ṭhito bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ. Tattha oranti sakattabhāvo, pāranti parattabhāvo. Oraṃ vā cha ajjhattikāni āyatanāni, @Footnote: 1 aṅ.sattaka. 23/61/99 (syā), khu.dha. 25/88/305 2 khu.jā. 27/2050/412 (syā) @3 dī. pā. 11/340/232 (atthato samānaṃ), aṅ navaka. 23/233/422 (syā) @4 Sī. ayaṃ saddo na dissati 5 Ma. so hi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page13.
Pāraṃ cha bāhirāyatanāni. Tathā oraṃ manussaloko, pāraṃ devaloko. Oraṃ kāmadhātu, pāraṃ rūpārūpadhātu. Oraṃ kāmarūpabhavo, pāraṃ arūpabhavo. Oraṃ attabhāvo. pāraṃ attabhāvasukhūpakaraṇāni. Evametasmiṃ orapāre catutthamaggena chandarāgaṃ pajahanto "jahāti orapāran"ti vuccati. Ettha ca kiñcāpi anāgāmino kāmarāgassa pahīnattā idhattabhāvādīsu chandarāgo eva natthi, apica kho panassa tatiyamaggādīnaṃ viya vaṇṇappakāsanatthaṃ sabbametaṃ orapārabhāvaṃ 1- saṅgahetvā tattha chandarāgappahānena "jahāti orapāran"ti vuttaṃ. Idāni tassatthassa vibhānatthāya upamaṃ āha "urago jiṇṇamivattacaṃ purāṇan"ti. Tattha urena gacchatīti urago, sappassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. So duvidho kāmarūpī ca akāmarūpī ca, kāmarūpī piduvidho jalajo thalajo ca. Jalajo jale eva kāmarūpaṃ labhati, na thale saṅkhapālajātake saṅkhapālanāgarājā viya. Thalajo thale eva. Na jale. So jajjarabhāvena jiṇṇaṃ, cirakālatāya purāṇañcāti saṅkhagataṃ tacaṃ jahanto catubbidhena jahāti sajātiyaṃ ṭhito, jigucchanto, nissāya, thāmenāti. Sajāti nāma sappajāti dīghattabhāvo. Uragā hi pañcasu ṭhānesu sajātiṃ nātivattanti uppattiyaṃ cutiyaṃ vissaṭṭhaniddokkamane samānajātiyā methunapaṭisevane jiṇṇatacāpanayane cāti. Sappo hi yadā tacaṃ jahāti, tadā sajātiyaṃyeva ṭhatvā jahāti. Sajātiyaṃ ṭhitopi ca jigucchanto jahāti. Jigucchanto nāma yadā upaḍḍhaṭṭhāne mutto hoti, upaḍḍhaṭṭhāne amutto olambati, tadā naṃ aṭṭīyanto jahāti. Evaṃ jigucchantopi ca daṇḍantaraṃ vā mūlantaraṃ vā pāsāṇantaraṃ vā nissāya jahāti. Nissāya jahantopi ca thāmaṃ janetvā ussāhaṃ karitvā 2- vīriyena vaṅkaṃ naṅguṭṭhaṃ katvā passasantova phaṇaṃ karitvā jahāti. Evaṃ jahitvā yenakāmaṃ pakkamati, evameva ayampi bhikkhu orapāraṃ jahitukāmo catubbidhena jahāti sajātiyaṃ ṭhito jigucchanto nissāya thāmenāti. Sajāti nāma bhikkhuno "ariyāya jātiyā jāto"ti 3- vacanato sīlaṃ. Tenevāha "sīle patiṭṭhāya naro sapañño"ti. 4- Evametissaṃ sajātiyaṃ ṭhito bhikkhu taṃ @Footnote: 1 cha. orapārabhedaṃ 2 cha.Ma. katvā 3 Ma.Ma. 13/351/335 4 saṃ.sa. 15/23/16--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page14.
Sakattabhāvādiorapāraṃ 1- jiṇṇapurāṇatacamiva dukkhaṃ janentaṃ tattha tattha ādīnavadassanena jigucchanto kalyāṇamitte nissāya adhimattavāyāmasaṅkhātaṃ thāmaṃ janetvā "divasaṃ caṅkamena nisajjāya āvaraṇīyehi dhammehi cittaṃ parisodhetī"ti 2- vuttanayena rattindivaṃ chadhā vibhajitvā ghaṭento vāyamanto urago viya vaṅkaṃ naṅguṭṭhaṃ pallaṅkaṃ ābhujitvā urago viya passasanto ayampi asithilaparakkamatāya vāyamanto uragova phaṇaṃ karitvā ayampi ñāṇavipphāraṃ janetvā uragova tacaṃ orapāraṃ jahati. Jahitvā ca urago viya ohitataco yenakāmaṃ ayampi ohitabhāro anupādisesanibbānadhātudisaṃ pakkamatīti. Tenāha bhagavā:- "yo uppatitaṃ vineti kodhaṃ visaṭaṃ sappavisaṃva osadhehi so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ urago jiṇṇamivattacaṃ purāṇan"ti. Evamesā bhagavatā arahattanikūṭena paṭhamagāthā desitāti. [2] Idāni dutiyagāthāya atthavaṇṇanākkamo anuppatto, tatrāpi:- "yena yattha yadā yasmā vuttā gāthā ayaṃ imaṃ vidhiṃ pakāsayitvāssa karissāmatthavaṇṇanan"ti ayameva mātikā, tato parañca sabbagāthāsu. Ativitthārabhayena pana ito pabhuti mātikaṃ anikkhipitvā uppattidassananayeneva tassā tassā atthaṃ dassento atthavaṇṇanaṃ karissāmi. Seyyathidaṃ? yo rāgamudacchidā asesanti ayaṃ dutiyagāthā. Tassuppatti:- ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme, tena kho pana samayena āyasmato sāriputtattherassa upaṭṭhāko aññataro suvaṇṇakāraputto therassa santike pabbajito, thero tassa "daharānaṃ asubhaṃ sappāyan"ti mantvā rāgavighātatthaṃ asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sakattabhāvādibhedaṃ orapāraṃ 2 aṅ. tika. 20/16/100. abhi. vi. 35/519/300--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page15.
Adāsi. Tassa tasmiṃ āsevanamattampi cittaṃ na labhati, so "anupakāraṃ mametan"ti therassa ārocesi. Thero "daharānametaṃ sappāyan"ti mantvā punapi tadevācikkhi. Evaṃ cattāro māsā atītā, so kiñcimattampi visesaṃ na labhati. Tato naṃ thero bhagavatopi kathesi, 1- bhagavā "avisayo sāriputta tuyhaṃ tassa sappāyaṃ jānituṃ, buddhaveneyyo eso"ti vatvā pabhassaravaṇṇaṃ padumaṃ iddhiyā nimminitvā tassa hatthe pādāsi "handa bhikkhu imaṃ vihārapacchāyāyaṃ vālikātale nāḷena vijjhitvā ṭhapehi, abhimukhaṃ cassa pallaṅkena nisīda `lohitaṃ lohitan'ti āvajjento"ti. Ayaṃ kira pañcajātisatāni suvaṇṇakārova ahosi, tenassa "lohitakanimittaṃ sappāyan"ti ñatvā bhagavā lohitakakammaṭṭhānaṃ adāsi. So tathā katvā muhuttaṃyeva 2- yathākkamaṃ tattha cattāripi jhānāni adhigantvā anulomapaṭilomādinā nayena jhānakīḷaṃ ārabhi. Atha bhagavā taṃ padumaṃ "milāyatū"ti adhiṭṭhāsi. So jhānā vuṭṭhito taṃ milātaṃ kāḷavaṇṇaṃ disvā "pabhassaraṃ rūpaṃ jarāya parimadditan"ti aniccasaññaṃ paṭilabhati. 3- Tato naṃ ajjhattampi upasaṃhari. Tato "yadaniccaṃ taṃ dukkhaṃ, yaṃ dukkhaṃ tadanattā"ti tayopi bhave āditte viya passi. Evaṃ passato cassāvidūre padumasaro atthi, tattha dārakā orohitvā padumāni bhañjitvā 4- rāsiṃ karonti, tassa tāni udake padumāni naḷavane aggijālā viya khāyiṃsu, pattāni patantāni papātaṃ pavisantāni viya khāyiṃsu, thale nikkhittapadumānaṃ aggāni milātāni aggidaḍḍhāni viya khāyiṃsu. Athassa tadanusārena sabbadhamme upanijjhāyato bhiyyoso mattāya tayo bhavā ādittamiva agāraṃ appaṭisaraṇā hutvā upaṭṭhahiṃsu. Tato bhagavā gandhakuṭiyaṃ nisinnova tassa bhikkhuno upari sarīrābhaṃ muñci, sā cassa mukhaṃyeva ajjhotthari, tato so "kimetan"ti āvajjento bhagavantaṃ āgantvā samīpe ṭhitamiva disvā uṭṭhāyāsanā añjaliṃ paṇāmesi. Athassa bhagavā sappāyaṃ viditvā dhammaṃ desento imaṃ obhāsagāthaṃ abhāsi "yo rāgamudacchidā asesantī"ti. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bhagavato santikaṃ nesi 2 cha.Ma. muhutteneva 3 cha.Ma. paṭilabhi @4 cha.Ma. bhañjitvā bhañjitvā--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page16.
Tattha rañjanavasena rāgo, pañcakāmaguṇarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Udacchidāti ucchindati bhañjati vināseti. Atītakālikānampi hi chindatīti 1- vattamānavacanaṃ akkharacintakā icchanti. Asesanti sānusayaṃ. Bhisapupphaṃva saroruhanti sare viruḷhaṃ padumapupphaṃ viya. Vigayhāti ogayha, pavisitvāti attho. Sesaṃ pubbasadisameva. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? yathā nāma ete dārakā saraṃ oruyha bhisapupphaṃ saroruhaṃ chindanti, evameva yo bhikkhu imaṃ tedhātukalokasannivāsaṃ ogayha:- "natthi rāgasamo aggi" , 2- "kāmarāgena ḍayhāmi cittaṃ me pariḍayhati". 3- "ye rāgarattānupatanti sotaṃ sayaṃkataṃ makkaṭakova jālaṃ" 4- "ratto kho āvuso rāgena abhibhūto pariyādinnacitto pāṇampi hanatī"ti 5- evamādinayamanugantvā rāgādīnavapaccavekkhaṇena yathāvuttappakārehi sīlasaṃvarādīhi saṃvarehi saviññāṇakāviññāṇakesu vatthūsu asubhasaññāya ca thokaṃ thokaṃ rāgaṃ samucchindanto anāgāmimaggena avasesaṃ arahattamaggena ca tato anavasesampi ucchindati, pubbe vuttappakāreneva so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ urago jiṇṇamiva tacaṃ purāṇanti. Evamesā bhagavatā arahattanikūṭena gāthā desitā, desanāpariyosāne ca so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhitoti. [3] Yo taṇhamudacchidāti kā uppatti? bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, Aññataro bhikkhu gaggarāya pokkharaṇiyā tīre viharanto taṇhāvasena akusalavitakkaṃ vitakketi, bhagavā tassajjhāsayaṃ viditvā imaṃ obhāsagāthamabhāsi. Tattha tasatīti 6- taṇhā, visayehi tittiṃ na upetīti attho, kāmabhavavibhavataṇhānametaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Saritanti gataṃ pavattaṃ, yāva bhavaggā ajjhottharitvā ṭhitanti vuttaṃ hoti. Sīghasaranti sīghagāminiṃ, sandiṭṭhikasamparāyikaṃ ādīnavaṃ @Footnote: 1 cha. chindasi 2 khu.dha. 25/251/60 3 saṃ.sa. 15/212/227 4 khu.dha. 25/347/77 @5 aṅ. tika. 20/55.72/153,210 (thokaṃ visadisaṃ) 6 cha.Ma. tassatīti--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page17.
Agaṇayitvā muhutteneva paracakkavāḷampi bhavaggampi sampāpuṇituṃ samatthanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evametaṃ saritaṃ sīghasaraṃ sabbappakārampi taṇhaṃ:- "uparivisālā duppūrā icchā visaṭagāminī ye ca taṃ anugijjhanti te honti cakkadhārino"ti, 1- "taṇhādutiyo puriso dīghamaddhānasaṃsaraṃ itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ saṃsāraṃ nātivattatī"ti 2- , "ūno loko atitto taṇhādāsoti kho mahārājā"ti 3- ca evamādīnavapaccavekkhaṇena vuttappakārehi sīlasaṃvarādīhi ca yo thokaṃ thokaṃ visosayitvā arahattamaggena asesaṃ ucchijjati, so bhikkhu tasmiṃyeva khaṇe sabbappakārampi jahāti orapāranti. Desanāpariyosāne so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhitoti. [4] Yo mānamudabbadhīti kā uppatti? bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, Aññataro bhikkhu gaṅgāya tīre viharanto gimhakāle appodake sote katanaḷasetuṃ pacchā āgatena mahoghena vuyhamānaṃ disvā "aniccā saṅkhārā"ti saṃviggo aṭṭhāsi, tassajjhāsayaṃ viditvā bhagavā imaṃ obhāsagāthamabhāsi. Tattha mānoti jātiādivatthuko cetaso uṇṇamāno. 4- So "seyyohamasmī"ti māno, "sadisohamasmī"ti māno, "hīnohamasmī"ti mānoti evaṃ tividho hoti. Puna "seyyassa seyyohamasmīti, seyyassa sadiso, seyyassa hīno, sadisassa seyyo, sadisassa sadiso, sadisassa hīno, hīnassa seyyo, hīnassa sadiso, hīnassa hīnohamasmī"ti mānoti evaṃ navavidho hoti. Taṃ sabbappakārampi mānaṃ:- "yena mānena mattāse sattā gacchanti duggatin"tiādinā 5- nayena tattha ādīnavapaccavekkhaṇena vuttappakārehi sīlasaṃvarādīhi ca yo thokaṃ thokaṃ vadhento kilesānaṃ abaladubbalattā 6- naḷasetusadisaṃ lokuttaradhammānaṃ atibalattā mahoghasadisena arahattamaggena asesaṃ udabbadhi, anavasesappahānavasena @Footnote: 1 khu.jā. 27/797/180 (syā) 2 khu. iti. 25/15,105/241,324, @ khu. mahā. 29/891/558 (syā), khu. cūḷa. 30/595/291 (syā) 3 Ma.Ma. 13/305/281 @4 cha.Ma. uṇṇāmo 5 khu.dha. 25/6/236 6 Sī. abalātidubbalattā--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page18.
Ucchindanto vadhetīti vuttaṃ hoti. So bhikkhu tasmiṃyeva khaṇe sabbappakārampi jahāti orapāranti. Desanāpariyosāne so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhitoti. [5] Yo nājjhagamāti kā uppatti? imissā gāthāya ito Parānañca dvādasannaṃ ekāyeva uppatti:- ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati, tena kho pana samayena aññataro brāhmaṇo attano dhītāya vāreyye paccupaṭṭhite cintesi "kenaci vasalena aparibhuttapubbehi pupphehi dārikaṃ alaṅkaritvā patikulaṃ pesessāmī"ti. So santarabāhiraṃ sāvatthiṃ vicinanto kiñci tiṇapupphampi aparibhuttapubbaṃ nāddasa. Atha sambahule dhuttakajātiye brāhmaṇadārake sannipatite disvā "ete pucchissāmi, avassaṃ sambahulesu koci jānissatī"ti upasaṅkamitvā pucchi. Te taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ upphaṇḍentā āhaṃsu "udumbarapupphaṃ nāma brāhmaṇa loke na kenaci paribhuttapubbaṃ, tena dhītaraṃ alaṅkaritvā dehī"ti. So dutiyadivase kālasseva uṭṭhāya 1- bhattavissaggaṃ katvā aciravatiyā nadiyā tīre udumbaravanaṃ gantvā ekamekaṃ rukkhaṃ vicinanto pupphassa vaṇṭamattampi nāddasa. Atha vītivatte majjhantike dutiyatīraṃ agamāsi, tatra ca aññataro bhikkhu aññatarasmiṃ manuññe rukkhamūle divāvihāraṃ nisinno kammaṭṭhānaṃ manasikaroti. So tattha upasaṅkamitvā amanasikaritvā sakiṃ nisīditvā sakiṃ ukkuṭiko hutvā sakiṃ ṭhatvā taṃ rukkhaṃ sabbasākhāviṭapapattantaresu vicinanto kilamati. Tato naṃ so bhikkhu āha "brāhmaṇa kiṃ maggasī"ti. Udumbarapupphaṃ bhoti. Udumbarapupphaṃ nāma brāhmaṇa loke natthi, musā etaṃ vacanaṃ, mā kilamāti. Atha bhagavā tassa bhikkhuno ajjhāsayaṃ viditvā obhāsaṃ muñcitvā samuppannasamannāhārabahumānassa imā obhāsagāthāyo abhāsi "yo nājjhagamā bhavesu sāran"ti. Sabbā vattabbā. Tattha paṭhamagāthāya tāva nājjhagamāti nādhigacchi, nādhigacchati vā. Bhavesūti kāmarūpārūpasaññīasaññīnevasaññīnāsaññīekavokāracatuvokārapañcavokārabhavesu. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vuṭṭhāya--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page19.
Sāranti niccabhāvaṃ attabhāvaṃ vā. Vicinanti paññāya gavesanto. Pupphamiva udumbaresūti yathā udumbararukkhesu pupphaṃ vicinanto esa brāhmaṇo nājjhagamā, evaṃ yo yogāvacaropi paññāya vicinanto sabbabhavesu kiñci sāraṃ nājjhagamā, so asārakaṭṭhena 1- te dhamme aniccato anattato ca vipassanto anupubbena lokuttaradhamme adhigacchanto jahāti orapāraṃ urago jiṇṇamiva tacaṃ purāṇanti ayamattho yojanā ca. Avasesagāthāsu panassa yojanaṃ avatvā visesatthamattameva vakkhāma. "yassantarato na santi kopā itibhavābhavatañca vītivatto"ti 2- ettha tāva ayaṃ antarasaddo:- "nadītīresu saṇṭhāne 3- sabhāsu rathiyāsu ca janā saṅgamma mantenti mañca tañca kimantaran"ti 4- "appamattakena visesādhigamena antarā vosānamāpādi" 5- "anatthajanano kodho kodho cittappakopano bhayamantarato jātaṃ taṃ jano nāvabujjhatī"ti 6- evaṃ kāraṇavemajjhacittādīsu sambahulesu atthesu dissati. Idha pana citte. Tato yassantarato na santi kopāti tatiyamaggena samūhatattā yassa citte na santi kopāti attho. Yasmā pana bhavoti sampatti, vibhavoti vipatti. Tathā bhavoti vuḍḍhi, 7- vibhavoti hāni. Bhavoti sassato vibhavoti ucchedo. Bhavoti puññaṃ, vibhavoti pāpaṃ. Vibhavo abhavoti ca atthato ekameva, tasmā itibhavābhavatañca vītivattoti ettha yā esā sampattivipattivuḍḍhihāni sassatucchedapuññapāpavasena iti anekappakārā bhavābhavatā vuccati, catūhi maggehi yathāsambhavaṃ tena tena nayena taṃ itibhavābhavatañca vītivattoti evamattho ñātabbo. @Footnote: 1 Sī. asārakattena 2 khu.u. 25/20/119 3 Sī. panthāne 4 saṃ.sa. 15/228/242 @5 aṅ. dasaka. 24/84/126 6 aṅ. sattaka. 23/61/99, khu.dha. 25/88/305 7 cha.Ma. vuddhi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page20.
[7] Yassa vitakkāti ettha pana yassa bhikkhuno tayo kāmabyāpādavihiṃsāvitakkā, tayo ñātijanapadāmaravitakkā, tayo parānuddayatāpaṭisaṃyuttalābhasakkāra- silokaanavaññattipaṭisaṃyuttavitakkāti ete nava vitakkā samantabhadrake 1- vuttanayena tattha tattha ādīnavaṃ paccavekkhitvā paṭipakkhavavatthānena tassa tassa pahānasamatthehi tīhi heṭṭhimamaggehi ca vidhūpitā bhusaṃ dhūpitā santāpitā daḍḍhāti attho. Evaṃ vidhūpetvā ca ajjhattaṃ suvikappitā asesā, niyakajjhattabhūte attano khandhasantāne ajjhattajjhattabhūte citte ca yathā na puna sambhavanti, evaṃ arahattamaggena asesā chinnā. Chinnañhi kappitanti vuccati. Yathāha "kappitakesamassū"ti. 2- Evamattho daṭṭhabbo. 3- [8] Idāni yo nāccasārīti ettha yo nāccasārīti yo nātidhāvi. Na paccasārīti na ohīyi. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? accāraddhavīriyena hi uddhacce Patanto accāsarati, atisithilena kosajje patanto paccāsarati. Tathā bhavataṇhāya attānaṃ kilamento accāsarati, kāmataṇhāya kāmasukhamanuyuñjanto paccāsarati, kāmataṇhāya kāmasukhamanuyuñjanto paccāsarati. Sassatahiṭṭhiyā accāsarati, ucchedadiṭṭhiyā paccāsarati. Atītaṃ anusocanto accāsarati, anāgataṃ paṭikaṅkhanto paccāsarati. Pubbantānudiṭṭhiyā accāsarati, aparantānudiṭṭhiyā paccāsarati. Tasmā yo ete ubho ante vajjetvā majjhimaṃ paṭipadaṃ paṭipajjanto nāccasārī na paccasārīti evaṃ vuttaṃ hoti. Sabbaṃ accagamā imaṃ papañcanti tāya ca pana arahattamaggavosānāya majjhimāya paṭipadāya sabbaṃ imaṃ vedanāsaññāvitakkappabhavaṃ taṇhāmānadiṭṭhisaṅkhātaṃ tividhaṃ papañcaṃ accagamā atikkanto, samatikkantoti attho. [9] Tadanantaragāthāya pana sabbaṃ vitathamidanti ñatvā loketi ayameva viseso. Tassattho:- sabbanti anavasesaṃ, sakalamanūnanti vuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ santepi pana vipassanupagaṃ lokiyakkhandhāyatanadhātuppabhedaṃ saṅkhatameva idhādhippetaṃ. @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. samantabhaddake 2 saṃ.sa. 15/122/95, saṃ. saḷā. 18/660/426 (syā) @3 cha.Ma. evamettha attho daṭṭhabbo--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page21.
Vitathanti vitathabhāvaṃ, 1- niccanti vā dhuvanti vā sukhanti vā subhanti vā attāti vā yathā yathā kilesavasena bālajanehi gayhati, tathātathābhāvato vitathanti vuttaṃ hoti. Idanti tameva sabbaṃ paccakkhabhāvena dassento āha. Ñatvāti maggapaññāya jānitvā, tañca pana asammohato na visayato ca. 2- Loketi okāsaloke sabbaṃ khandhādibhedaṃ dhammajātaṃ "vitathamidan"ti ñatvāti sambandho. [10-13] Idāni ito parāsu catūsu gāthāsu vītalobho vītarāgo vītadoso vītamohoti ete visesā. Ettha lubbhanavasena lobho, sabbasaṅgāhikametaṃ paṭhamassa akusalamūlassa adhivacanaṃ visamalobhassa vā, yo so "appekadā mātumattīsupi lobhadhammā uppajjanti, bhaginimattīsupi lobhadhammā uppajjanti, dhītumattīsupi lobhadhammā uppajjantī"ti 3- evaṃ vutto. Rajjanavasena rāgo, pañcakāmaguṇarāgassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Dussanavasena doso, pubbe vuttakodhassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Muyhanavasena moho, catūsu ariyasaccesu aññāṇassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Tattha yasmā ayaṃ bhikkhu lobhaṃ jigucchanto vipassanaṃ ārabhi "kudāssu nāmāhaṃ lobhaṃ vinetvā vigatalobho vihareyyan"ti, tasmā tassa lobhappahānūpāyaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ vitathabhāvadassanaṃ 4- lobhappahānānisaṃsañca orapārappahānaṃ 5- dassento imaṃ gāthamāha. Esa nayo ito parāsupi. Keci panāhu "yathāvutteneva nayena ete dhamme jigucchitvā vipassanamāraddhassa tassa tassa bhikkhuno ekamekāva etka gāthā vuttā"ti. Yaṃ ruccati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ. Esa nayo ito parāsu catūsu gāthāsu. [14] Ayaṃ panettha atthavaṇṇanā:- appahīnaṭṭhena santāne anusayantīti 6- anusayā, kāmarāgapaṭighamānadiṭṭhivicikicchābhavarāgāvijjānaṃ etaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sampayuttadhammānaṃ attano ākārānuvidhānaṭṭhena mūlā, akhemaṭṭhena akusalā. Taṃpatiṭṭhābhūtātipi 7- mūlā, sāvajjadukkhavipākaṭṭhena akusalā. Ubhayametaṃ @Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vigatatathabhāvaṃ 2 Sī.,ka. asammohato ca visayato ca 3 saṃ.saḷā. 18/196/140 (syā) @4 Sī.,Ma. vitathāvadassanatthaṃ 5 Sī. orapārappahānatthaṃ 6 cha.Ma. sayantīti @7 cha.Ma. dhammānaṃ patiṭṭhābhūtātipi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page22.
Lobhadosamohānaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Te hi "lobho bhikkhave akusalañca akusalamūlañcā"tiādinā nayena evaṃ niddiṭṭhā. Evamete anusayā tena tena maggena pahīnattā yassa keci na santi, ete ca akusalamūlā tatheva samūhatāse, samūhatā icceva attho. Paccattabahuvacanassa 1- hi sekārāgamaṃ icchanti saddalakkhaṇakovidā. Aṭṭhakathācariyā pana "seti nipāto"ti vaṇṇayanti. Yaṃ ruccati, taṃ gahetabbaṃ. Ettha pana kiñcāpi so evaṃvidho bhikkhu khīṇāsavo hoti, khīṇāsavo ca neva ādiyati, na pajahati, pajahitvā ṭhitoti vutto, tathāpi vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanalakkhaṇena "jahāti orapāran"ti vuccati. Atha vā anupādisesāya ca nibbānadhātuyā parinibbāyanto attano ajjhattikabāhirāyatanasaṅkhātaṃ jahāti orapāranti veditabbo. Tattha kilesapaṭipāṭiyā maggapaṭipāṭiyā cāti dvidhā anusayānaṃ abhāvo veditabbo. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā hi kāmarāgānusayapaṭighānusayānaṃ tatiyamaggena abhāvo hoti, mānānusayassa catutthamaggena, diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayānaṃ paṭhamamaggena, bhavarāgānusayāvijjānusayānaṃ catutthamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā pana paṭhamamaggena diṭṭhānusayavicikicchānusayānaṃ abhāvo hoti, dutiyamaggena kāmarāgānusayapaṭighānusayānaṃ tanubhāvo, tatiyamaggena sabbaso abhāvo, catutthamaggena mānānusayabhavarāgānusayaavijjānusayānaṃ abhāvo hoti. Tattha yasmā na sabbe anusayā akusalamūlā. Kāmarāgabhavarāgānusayā eva hi lobhākusalamūlena saṅgahaṃ gacchanti, paṭighānusayāvijjānusayā ca "doso akusalamūlaṃ moho akusalamūla"micceva saṅkhyaṃ gacchanti, diṭṭhimānavicikicchānusayā pana na kiñci akusalamūlaṃ honti. Yasmā vā anusayābhāvavasena ca akusalamūlasamugghātavasena ca kilesappahānaṃpatthesi, 2- tasmā:- "yassānusayā na santi keci mūlā ca akusalā samūhatāse" iti bhagavā āha. @Footnote: 1 Ma. paccattabahuvacanassante 2 Ma. patthesi paṭṭhapesi--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page23.
[15] Yassa darathajāti ettha pana paṭhamuppannā 1- kilesā paribāhaṭṭhena darathā nāma, aparāparañca uppannā tehi darathehi jātattā darathajā nāma. Oranti sakkāyo vuccati. Yathāha "orimaṃ tīranti kho bhikkhu sakkāyassetaṃ adhivacanan"ti. 2- Āgamanāyāti uppattiyā. Paccayāseti paccayā eva. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? yassa pana upādānakkhandhaggahaṇāya paccayabhūtā ariyamaggena pahīnattā keci darathajavevacanā kilesā na santi pubbe vuttanayeneva so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ. 3- [16] Yassa vanathajāti etthāpi darathajā viya vanathajā veditabbā. Vacanatthe pana ayaṃ viseso:- vanute, vanotīti vā vanaṃ, yācati sevati bhajatīti attho, taṇhāyetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Sā hi visayānaṃ patthanato sevanato ca "vanan"ti vuccati. Taṃpariyuṭṭhānavasena vanaṃ tharati tanotīti vanatho, taṇhānusayassetaṃ adhivacanaṃ. Vanathā jātāti vanathajāti. Keci panāhu "sabbepi kilesā gahanaṭṭhena vanathoti vuccanti, aparāparuppannā pana vanathajā"ti. Ayameva cettha uragasutte attho adhippeto, itaro pana dhammapadagāthāyaṃ. Vinibandhāya bhavāyāti bhavavinibandhāya, atha vā cittassa visayesu vinibandhāya āyatiṃ uppattiyā cāti attho. Hetuyeva hetukappā. [17] Yo nīvaraṇeti ettha nīvaraṇāti cittaṃ hitapaṭipattiṃ vā nīvarantīti nīvaraṇā paṭicchādentīti attho. Pahāyāti chaḍḍetvā. Pañcāti tesaṃ saṅkhāparicchedo. Īghābhāvato anīgho. Kathaṃkathāya tiṇṇattā tiṇṇakathaṅkatho. Vigatasallattā visallo. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? yo bhikkhu kāmacchandādīni pañca Nīvaraṇāni samantabhadrake vuttanayena sāmaññato visesato ca nīvaraṇesu ādīnavaṃ disvā tena tena maggena pahāya tesañca pahīnattā eva kilesadukkhasaṅkhātassa īghassa abhāvena anīgho, "ahosiṃ nu kho ahaṃ atītamaddhānan"tiādinā 4- nayena pavattāya kathaṃkathāya tiṇṇattā tiṇṇakathaṅkatho, "tattha katame pañca sallā, rāgasallo dosasallo mohasallo mānasallo @Footnote: 1 Sī. paṭhamuppannā paṭhamuppannā 2 saṃ. saḷā. 18/316/219 (syā) 3 orapāranti @4 Ma.mū. 12/18/11, saṃ.ni. 16/20/27--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page24.
Diṭṭhisallo"ti vuttānaṃ pañcannaṃ sallānaṃ vigatattā visallo, so bhikkhu pubbe vuttanayeneva jahāti orapāranti. Atrāpi ca kilesapaṭipāṭiyā maggapaṭipāṭiyā cāti dvidhā eva nīvaraṇappahānaṃ veditabbaṃ. Kilesapaṭipāṭiyā hi kāmacchandanīvaraṇassa byāpādanīvaraṇassa ca tatiyamaggena pahānaṃ hoti, thinamiddhanīvaraṇassa uddhaccanīvaraṇassa ca catutthamaggena, "akataṃ vata me kusalan"tiādinā 1- nayena pavattassa vippaṭisārasaṅkhātassa kukkuccanīvaraṇassa vicikicchānīvaraṇassa ca paṭhamamaggena. Maggapaṭipāṭiyā pana kukkuccanīvaraṇassa vicikicchānīvaraṇassa ca paṭhamamaggena pahānaṃ hoti, kāmacchandanīvaraṇassa byāpādanīvaraṇassa ca dutiyamaggena tanubhāvo hoti, tatiyena anavasesappahānaṃ, thinamiddhanīvaraṇassa uddhaccanīvaraṇassa ca catutthamaggena pahānaṃ hotīti. Evaṃ:- "yo nīvaraṇe pahāya pañca anīgho tiṇṇakathaṅkatho visallo so bhikkhu jahāti orapāraṃ urago jiṇjhamivattacaṃ purāṇan"ti arahattanikūṭeneva bhagavā desanaṃ niṭṭhāpesi. Desanāpariyosāne so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhito. "ekacce yena yena tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ yā gāthā desitā, tena tena tassā tassā gāthāya pariyosāne so so bhikkhu arahatte patiṭṭhito"ti vadanti. Paramatthajotikāya khuddakaṭṭhakathāya suttanipātaṭṭhakathāya uragasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā. --------------- @Footnote: 1 Ma. u. 14/248/215The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 28 page 1-24. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=28&A=1&pagebreak=1 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=28&A=1&pagebreak=1 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=294 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=6835 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=6720 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=6720 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
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บันทึก ๖ กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๑. การแสดงผลนี้อ้างอิงข้อมูลจากอรรถกถาฉบับภาษาบาลี อักษรโรมัน. หากพบข้อผิดพลาด กรุณาแจ้งได้ที่ [email protected]