AtthaPali Vol.26

5. Uposathasuttavannana [45] Pancame tadahuti tasmim ahani tasmim divase. Uposatheti ettha upavasanti etthati uposatho, upavasantiti silena va anasanena va upeta hutva vasantiti attho. Ayam hi uposathasaddo "atthangasamannagatam uposatham upavasami"tiadisu ^2- sile agato. "uposatho va pavarana va"tiadisu ^3- patimokkhuddesadivinayakamme. "gopalakuposatho niganthuposatho"tiadisu ^4- upavase. "uposatho nama nagaraja"tiadisu ^5- pannattiyam. "ajjuposatho pannaraso"tiadisu ^6- divase. Idhapi divaseyeva datthabbo, tasma "tadahuposathe"ti tasmim uposathadivasabhute ahaniti attho. Nisinno hotiti mahabhikkhusamghaparivuto ovadapatimokkham uddisitum nisinno hoti. Nisajja pana bhikkhunam cittani olokento ekam dussilapuggalam disva "sacaham imasmim puggale idha nisinneyeva patimokkham uddisissami, sattadhassa muddha phalissati"ti tasmim anukampaya tunhiyeva ahosi. @Footnote: ¹ khu.dha. 25/127/39 @² an. tika. 20/71/207, an. dasaka. 24/46/66 @³ vi. maha. 4/155/163 ⁴ an. tika. 20/71/200 @⁵ di. maha. 10/246/151 ⁶ vi. maha. 4/168/175 Ettha ca uddhastam arunanti arunuggamanam vatva "uddisatu bhante bhagava bhikkhunam patimokkhan"ti thero bhagavantam patimokkhuddesam yaci. Tasmim kale "na bhikkhave anuposathe uposatho katabbo"ti ^1- sikkhapadassa apannattatta. Aparisuddha ananda parisati tikkhattum therena patimokkhuddesassa yacitatta anuddessa karanam kathento "asukapuggalo aparisuddho"ti avatva "aparisuddha ananda parisa"ti aha. Kasma pana bhagava tiyamarattim tatha vitinamesi tato patthaya ovadapatimokkham anuddisitukamo tassa vatthum pakatam katum. Addasati katham addasa. Attano cetopariyananena tassam parisati bhikkhunam cittani parijananto tassa moghapurisassa dussilyacittam passi. Yasma pana citte ditthe tamsamangipuggalo dittho nama hoti, tasma "addasa kho ayasma mahamoggallano tam paggalam dussilan"tiadi vuttam. Yatheva hi anagate sattasu divasesu pavattamanam paresam cittam cetopariyananalabhi pajanati, evam atitepiti. Dussilanti nissilam, silavirahitanti attho. Papadhammanti dussilatta eva hinajjhasayataya lamakasabhavam. Asucinti aparisuddhehi kayakammadihi samannagatatta na sucim. Sankassarasamacaranti kincideva asaruppam disva "idam imina katam bhavissati"ti evam paresam asankaniyataya sankaya saritabbasamacaram, atha va kenaci karaniyena mantayante bhikkhu disva "kacci nu kho ime maya katakammam janitva mantenti"ti attanoyeva sankaya saritabbamacaram. Lajjitabbataya paticchadetabbassa karanato paticchannam kammantam etassati paticchannakammantam. ^2- Kucchitasamanavesadharitaya na samananti assamanam. Salakaggahanadisu "kittaka samana"ti ca gananayam "ahampi samanomhi"ti micchapatinnaya @Footnote: ¹ vi. maha. 4/183/201 ² Si.,Ma. paticchannakammanto tam Samanapatinnam. Asetthacaritaya abrahmacarim. Anne brahmacarino sunivatthe suparute supattadhare gamanigamadisu pindaya caritva jivitam kappente disva abrahmacari samano sayampi tadisena akarena patipajjanto uposathadisu ca sandissanto "ahampi brahmacari"ti patinnam dento viya hotiti brahmacaripatinnam. Putina kammena silavipattiya anto anupavitthatta antoputim. Chahi dvarehi ragadikilesavassanena tintatta avassutam. Sanjataragadikacavaratta silavantehi chaddetabbatta ca kasambujatam. Majjhe bhikkhusamghassa nisinnanti samghapariyapanno viya bhikkhusamghassa anto nisinnam. Ditthositi ayam pana na pakatattoti bhagavata dittho asi. Yasma ca evam dittho, tasma natthi te tava bhikkhuhi saddhim ekakammadisamvaso. Yasma pana so samvaso tava natthi. Tasma utthehi avusoti evamettha padayojana veditabba. Tatiyampi kho so puggalo tunhi ahositi anekavaram vatvapi "thero sayameva nibbinno oramissati"ti va, "idani imesam patipattim janissami"ti va adhippayena tunhi ahosi. Bahayam gahetvati bhagavata maya ca yathavato dittho, yavatatiyam utthehiti vutto na utthati, "idanissa nikkaddhanakalo ma samghassa uposathantarayo ahosi"ti tam bahayam aggahesi, tatha gahetva. Bahidvarakotthaka nikkhametvati dvarakotthaka dvarasalato ^1- bahi nikkhametva. Bahiti pana nikkhamitatthanadassanam, atha va. Bahidvarakotthakati bahidvarakotthakatopi nikkhametva, na antodvarakotthakato, evam ubhayathapi viharato bahi katvati attho. Sucighatikam datvati aggalasucinca uparighatikanca adahitva, sutthutaram kavatam thaketvati attho. Yava bahagahanapi namati imina @Footnote: ¹ cha.Ma. dvarakotthakasalato "aparisuddha ananda parisa"ti vacanam sutva eva hi tena pakkamitabbam siya, evam apakkamitva yava bahagahanapi nama so moghapuriso agamessatiti acchariyamidanti dasseti. Idampi garahanacchariyamevati veditabbam. Atha bhagava cintesi "idani bhikkhusamghe abbudo jato, aparisuddha puggala uposatham agacchanti, na ca tathagata aparisuddhaya parisaya uposatham karonti, patimokkham uddisanti, anuddisante ca bhikkhusamghassa uposatho pacchijjati, yannunaham ito patthaya bhikkhunamyeva patimokkhuddesam anujaneyyan"ti. Evampana cintetva bhikkhunamyeva patimokkhuddesam anujani. Tena vuttam "atha kho bhagava .pe. Patimokkham uddiseyyatha"ti. Tattha na danahanti idani aham uposatham na karissami, patimokkham na uddisissamiti paccekam nakarena sambandho. Duvidham hi patimokkham anapatimokkham ovadapatimokkhanti. Tesu "sunatu me bhante"tiadikam ^1- anapatimokkham, tam savakava uddisanti, na buddha, yam anvaddhamasam uddisiyati. "khanti paramam .pe. Sabbapapassa akaranam .pe. Anupavado anupaghato .pe. Etam buddhana sasanan"ti ^2- ima pana tisso gatha ovadapatimokkham nama, tam buddhava uddisanti, na savaka, channampi vassanam accayena uddissanti. Dighayukabuddhanam hi dharamanakale ayameva patimokkhuddeso, appayukabuddhanampana pathamabodhiyamyeva. Tato param itaro, tanca kho bhikkhuyeva uddisanti, na buddha, tasma amhakampi bhagava visativassamattam ovadapatimokkham uddisitva imam antarayam disva tato param na uddisi. Atthananti akaranam. Anavakasoti tasseva vevacanam. Karanam hi yatha titthati ettha phalam tadayattavuttitayati thananti vuccati, evam anavakasotipi vuccatiti. Yanti kiriyaparamasanam, tam hettha vuttanayena yojetabbam. @Footnote: ¹ vi maha. 4/134/147 ² di.maha. 10/90/43, khu.dha. 25/184/5/50 Atthime bhikkhave mahasamuddeti so anusandhi? yvayam aparisaddhaya parisaya patimokkhassa anuddeso vutto, so imasmim dhammavinaye acchariyo abbhutadhammoti tam aparehi sattahi acchariyabbhutadhammehi saddhim vibhajitva dassetukamo pathamam tava tesam upamabhavena mahasamudde attha acchariyabbhutadhamme dassento sattha "atthime bhikkhave mahasamudde"tiadimaha. Pakatideva viya na suranti na isanti na virocantiti asuRa. Sura nama deva, tesam patipakkhati va asura, vepacittipaharadadayo. Tesam bhavanam sinerussa hetthabhage, te tattha pavisanta nikkhamanta sinerupade mandapadim nimminitva kilantava abhiramanti. Tattha tesam abhiratiya ime gune disvati aha "ye disva disva asura mahasamudde abhiramanti"ti. Tattha abhiramantiti ratim vindanti, anukkanthamana vasanatiti attho. Anupubbaninnotiadini sabbani padani anupatipatiya ninnabhavasseva vevacanani. Nayatakeneva papatatoti na chinnatato mahasobbho viya adito eva papato. So hi tiradesato patthaya ekanguladvangula- vidatthiratanayatthiusabhaaddhagavutayojanadivasena gambhiro hutva gacchanto gacchanto sinerupadamule caturasitiyojanasahassagambhiro hutva thitoti dasseti. Thitadhammoti thitasabhavo avatthitasabhavo. Na matena kunapena samvasatiti yena kenaci hatthiassadinam kalevarena saddhim na samvasati. Tiram vahetiti tiram apaneti. Thalam ussaretiti hatthena gahetva viya vicippakareneva thale khipati. Ganga yamunati anotattadahassa dakkhinamukhato nikkhantanadi pancadhara hutva pavattatthane gangatiadina pancadha sankham gata. Tatrayam imasam nadinam adito patthaya uppattikatha:- ayam hi jambudipo dasasahassayojanaparimano, tattha catusahassayojanappamano padeso udakena Ajjhotthato samuddoti sankham gato, tisahassayojanappamane manussa vasanti, tisahassayojanappamane himava patitthito ubbedhena pancayojanasatiko caturasitikutasahassapatimandito samantato sandamanapancasatanadivicitto, yattha ayamena vittharena gambhirataya ca pannasayojanappamano diyaddhayojanasataparimandalo anotattadaho kannamundadaho rathakaradaho chaddantadaho kunaladaho mandakinidaho sihapapatadahoti satta mahasara patitthita. Tesu anotattadaho sudassanakutam cittakutam kalakutam gandhamadanakutam kelasakutanti imehi pancahi pabbatakutehi parikkhitto. Tattha sudassanakutam sovannamayam tiyojanasatubbedham antovankam kakamukhasanthanam tameva saram paticchadetva thitam, cittakutam sattaratanamayam. Kalakutam anjanamayam. Gandhamadanakutam masaragallamayam abbhantare muggavannam, mulagandho saragandho pheggugandho tacagandho papatikagandho khandhagandho rasagandho pupphagandho phalagandho pattagandhoti imehi dasahi gandhehi ussannam nanappakaraosadhasanchannam, kalapakkhauposathadivase adittam viya angaram pajjalantam titthati. Kelasakutam rajatamayam. Sabbani cetani sudassanena samanubbedhasanthanani tameva saram paticchadetva thitani. Tattha devanubhavena naganubhavena ca devo vassati, nadiyo ca sandanti, tam sabbampi udakam anotattameva pavisati, candimasuriya dakkhinena va uttarena va gacchanta pabbatantarena tattha obhasam karonti, ujukam gacchanta na karonti, tenevassa "anotattan"ti sankha udapadi. Tattha manoharasilatalani ^1- nimmacchakacchapani nimmalaphalikasadisani ^2- nimmaludakani tadupabhogasattanam kammanibbattaneva nhanatitthani ca honti, yattha @Footnote: ¹ Si.,cha. ratanamayamanunnasopanasilatalani, Ma. manosilatalani ² cha.Ma. phalikasadisani Buddhapaccekabuddha iddhimanto savaka isayo ca nhanadini karonti, devayakkhadayo ca udakakilam kilanti. Tassa catusu passesu sihamukham hatthimukham assamukham usabhamukhanti cattari udakanikkhamanamukhani honti, yehi catasso nadiyo sandanti. Sihamukhena nikkhantanaditire kesarasiha bahutara honti, tatha hatthimukhadihi hatthiassausabha puratthimadisato nikkhantanadi anotattam tikkhattum padakkhinam katva itara tisso nadiyo anupagamma pacinahimavanteneva amanussapatham gantva mahasamuddam pavisati. Pacchimadisato uttaradisato ca nikkhantanadiyopi tatheva padakkhinam katva pacchimuttarahimavanteneva uttarahimavanteneva ca amanussapatham gantva mahasamuddam pavisanti. Dakkhinadisato nikkhantanadi pana tam tikkhattum padakkhinam katva dakkhinena ^1- ujukam pasanapittheneva satthiyojanani gantva pabbatam paharitva utthaya parikkhepena tigavutappamanaudakadhara hutva akasena satthiyojanani gantva tiyaggale nama pasane patita, pasano udakadharavegena bhinno. Tattha pannasayojanappamana tiyaggala nama pokkharani jata, pokkharaniya kulam bhinditva pasanam pavisitva satthiyojanani gantva tato ghanapathavim bhinditva ummangena satthiyojanani gantva vinjham ^2- nama tiracchanapabbatam paharitva hatthatale pancangulisadisa pancadhara hutva pavattanti. Sa tikkhattum anotattam padakkhinam katva gatagatatthane "avattaganga"ti vuccati, ujukam pasanapitthena satthiyojanani gatatthane "kanhaganga"ti, akasena satthiyojanani gatatthane "akasaganga"ti, tiyaggalapasane pannasayojanokase thita "tiyaggalapokkharani"ti kulam bhinditva pasanam pavisitva satthiyojanani @Footnote: ¹ uttarena, pa.su. 3/19/275 ² ka.vijjham Gatatthane "bahalaganga"ti umangena satthiyojanani gatatthane "umangaganga"ti vuccati, vinjham nama tiracchanapabbatam paharitva pancadhara hutva pavattatthane ca ganga yamuna aciravati sarabhu mahiti pancadha sankham gata. Evameta panca mahanadiyo himavantato pavattantiti veditabba. Tattha nadi ninnagatiadikam gottam, ganga yamunatiadikam namam. Savantiyoti ya kaci savamana sandamana gacchantiyo mahanadiyo va kunnadiyo va. Appentiti alliyanti osaranti. Dharati vutthidhaRa. Purattanti punnabhavo. Mahasamuddassa hi ayam dhammata:- "imasmim kale devo mando jato, jalakkhipadini adaya macchakacchape ganhissama"ti va "imasmim kale atimahanti vutthi, na labhissama nu kho pitthipasaranatthanan"ti ^1- va tam na sakka vattum. Pathamakappikakalato patthaya hi yam vassitva sinerumekhalam ahacca udakam thitam tam tato ekangulamattampi udakam neva hettha otarati, na uddham uttarati. Ekarasoti asambhinnaraso. Muttati khuddakamahantavattadighadibheda anekavidha mutta. Maniti rattaniladibhedo anekavidho mani. Veluriyoti vamsavannasirisapupphavannadisanthanato anekavidho. Sankhoti dakkhinavattatambakucchikadhamanasankhadibhedo anekavidho. Silati setakalamuggavannadibheda anekavidha. Pavalanti khuddakamahantamandarattaghanarattadibhedam anekavidham. Lohitangoti padumaragadibhedo anekavidho ^2- masaragallanti kabaramani. "cittaphalikan"tipi vadanti. Mahatam bhutananti mahantanam sattanam. Timi timingalo timitimingaloti ^3- tisso macchajatiyo. Timim gilanasamattha timingala, timinca timingalanca gilanasamattha "timitimingala"ti vadanti. Nagati umipitthivasinopi vimanatthakanagapi. @Footnote: ¹ Si.,Ma. pitthipasanatthananti ² Si.,ka. lohitankanti padumaragadibhedam anekavidham @³ timi timingalo timitimingalo, khu.u. 25/45, cha.Ma. timitimingaladika Evameva khoti kincapi sattha imasmim dhammavinaye solasapi dvattimsapi tato bhiyyopi acchariyabbhutadhamme vibhajitva dassetum sakkoti, tada upamabhavena pana gahitanam atthanam anurupavasena attheva te upametabbadhamme vibhajitva "evameva kho bhikkhave imasmim dhammavinaye attha acchariya abbhutadhammatiadimaha. Tattha anupubbasikkhaya tisso sikkha gahita, anupubbakiriyaya terasa dhutangadhamma. Anupubbapatipadaya satta anupassana attharasa mahavipassana atthattimsaarammanavibhattiyo sattattimsabodhipakkhiyadhamma ca gahita. Na ayatakeneva annapativedhoti mandukassa uppatitva gamanam viya aditova silapuranadini akatva arahattapativedho nama natthi, patipatiya pana silasamadhipannayo puretvava arahattappattiti attho. Mama savakati sotapannadike ariyapuggale sandhaya vadati. Na samvasatiti uposathakammadivasena samvasam na karoti. Ukkhipatiti apaneti. Arakavati dureyeva. Na tena nibbanadhatuya unattam va purattam vati asankhyeyyepi mahakappe buddhesu anuppajjantesu ekasattopi parinibbatum na sakkoti, tadapi "tuccha nibbanadhatu"ti na sakka vattum, buddhakale pana ekekasmim samagame asankhyeyyapi satta asatam aradhenti, tadapi na sakka vattum "pura nibbanadhatu"ti. Vimuttirasoti kilesehi vimuccanaraso. Sabba hi sasanassa sampatti yavadeva anupadaya asavehi cittassa vimuttiya hoti. Ratananiti ratijananatthena ratanani. Satipatthanadayo hi bhaviyamana pubbabhagepi anappakam pitipamojjam nibbattenti. Pageva aparabhage. Vuttanhetam:- "yato yato sammasati khandhanam udayabbayam labhati pitipamojjam amatantam vijanatan"ti. ^1- @Footnote: ¹ khu.dha. 25/374/82 Lokiyaratananimittampana pitipamojjam na tassa kalabhagampi agghatiti ayamattho hettha dassito eva. Apica:- cittikatam mahagghanca attham dullabhadassanam anomasattaparibhogam `ratanan'ti pavuccatiti. ^1- Yadi ca cittatikatadibhavane ratanam nama hoti, satipatthanadinamyeva bhutato ratanabhavo. Bodhipakkhiyadhammanam hi so anubhavo, yam savaka savakaparaminanam, paccekasambuddha paccekabodhinanam, sammasambuddha sammasambodhim adhigacchantiti asannakaranatta. Paramparakaranam hi danadiupanissayoti evam ratijananatthena cittikatadiatthena ca ratanabhavo bodhiapakkhiyadhammanam satisayo. Tena vuttam "tatrimani ratanani, seyyathidam, cattaro satipatthana"tiadi. Tattha arammane pakkhanditva upatthanatthena upatthanam. Satiyeva patthanam satipatthanam. Arammanassa pana kayadivasena catubbidhatta vuttam "cattaro satipatthana"ti. Tatha hi kayavedanacittadhammesu subhasukhaniccaattasannanam pahanato asubhadukkhaniccanattabhavaggahanato ca nesam kayanupassanadibhavo vibhatto. Samma padahanti etena, sayam va samma padahati, pasattham, sundaram va padahananti sammappadhanam. Puggalassa va sammadeva padhanabhavakaranato sammappadhanam, viriyassetam adhivacanam. Tampi anuppannuppannanam akusalanam anuppadanapahanavasena anuppannuppannanam kusalanam dhammanam uppadanavaddhanavasena ca catukiccam katva ^2- vuttam "cattaro sammappadhana"ti. Ijjhatiti iddhi, samijjhati nipphajjatiti attho. Ijjhanti va etaya satta iddha vuddha ukkamsagata hontiti iddhi. Pathamena atthena iddhi eva @Footnote: ¹ ratanantena vuccatiti, khuddaka. A. 3/149 ² Ma. catukiccasadhakatta Pado iddhipado, iddhikotthasoti attho. Dutiyena atthena iddhiya pado patittha adhigamupayoti iddhipado. Tena hi uparuparivisesasankhatam iddhim pajjanti papunanti. Svayam iddhipado yasma chandadike cattaro adhipatidhamme dhure jetthake nibbattiyati, tasma vuttam "cattaro iddhipada"ti. Pancindriyaniti saddhadini panca indriyani. Tattha assaddhiyam abhibhavitva adhimokkhalakkhane indattham karetiti saddhindriyam, kosajjam abhibhavitva paggahanalakkhane, pamadam abhibhavitva upatthanalakkhane, vikkhepam abhibhavitva avikkhepalakkhane annanam abhibhavitva dassanalakkhane indattham karetiti pannindriyam. Taniyeva assaddhiyadihi anabhibhavaniyato akampiyatthena sampayuttadhammesu thirabhavena "balani"ti veditabbani. Satta bojjhangati bodhiya, bodhissa va angati bojjhanga. Ya hi esa dhammasamaggi yaya lokuttaramaggakkhane uppajjamanaya linuddhacca- patitthanayuhanakamasukhattakilamathanuyogaucchedasassatabhinivesadinam anekesam upaddavanam patipakkhabhutaya satidhammavicayaviriyapitipassaddhisamadhiupekkhasankhataya dhammasamaggiya ariyasavako bujjhati, kilesaniddaya vutthahati, cattari va ariyasaccani pativijjhati, nibbanameva va sacchikarotiti "bodhi"ti vuccati, tassa dhammasamaggisankhataya bodhiya angatipi bojjhanga jhanangamaggangadayo viya. Yopesa vuttappakaraya dhammasamaggiya bujjhatiti katva ariyasavako "bodhi"ti vuccati, tassa bodhissa angatipi bojjhanga senangarathangadayo viya. Tenahu porana "bujjhanakassa puggalassa angati bojjhanga"ti. "bodhiya samvattantiti bojjhanga"tiadina ^1- nayenapi bojjhanganam bojjhangattho veditabbo. @Footnote: ¹ khu.pati. 31/17/327 Ariyo atthangiko maggoti tantammaggavajjhakilesehi arakatta ariyabhavakaratta ariyaphalapatilabhakaratta ^1- ca ariyo. Sammaditthiadini atthangani assa atthi, atthanganiyeva va atthangiko. Kilese marento gacchati, nibbanatthikehi maggiyati, sayam va nibbanam maggatiti maggoti. Evametesam satipatthanadinam atthavibhago veditabbo. Sotapannoti maggasankhatam sotam apajjitva papunitva thito, sotapattiphalatthoti attho. Sotapattiphalasacchikiriyaya patipannoti sotapattiphalassa attano paccakkhakaranaya patipajjamano. Pathamamaggattho, yo atthamakotipi vuccati. Sakadagamiti sakideva imam lokam patisandhiggahanavasena agamanasilo dutiyaphalattho anagamiti patisandhiggahanavasena kamalokam anagamanasilo tatiyaphalattho. Yo pana saddhanusari dhammanusari ekabijiti evamadiko ariyapuggalavibhago, so etesamyeva pabhedoti. Sesam vuttanayameva. Etamattham viditvati etam attano dhammavinaye matakunapasadisena dussilapuggalena saddhim samvasabhavasankhatam attham viditva. Imam udananti imam asamvasarahasamvasarahavibhagakaranaparidipanam udanam udanesi. Tattha channamativassatiti apattim apajjitva paticchadento annam navam apattim apajjati, tato param tato paranti evam apattivassam kilesavassam ativiya vassati. Vivatam nativassatiti apattim apanno tam appaticchadetva vivaranto sabrahmacarinam pakasento yathadhammam yathavinayam patikaronto desento vutthahanto annam navam apattim napajjati, tenassa vivatam puna apattivassam kilesavassam na vassati. Yasma ca etadevam, tasma channam chaditam apattim vivaretha pakasetha. Evantam nativassatiti evam sante tam apattiapajjanakam apannapuggalam attabhavam @Footnote: ¹ Si. ariyabalapatilabhakaratta Ativijjhitva kilesavassam ^1- na vassati na temeti. Evam so kilesehi anavassuto parisuddhasilo samahito hutva vipassanam patthapetva sammasanto anukkamena nibbanam papunatiti adhippayo. Pancamasuttavannana nitthita. --------------

The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 26 page 316-328. http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=26&A=7076&modeTY=2 อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=26&A=7076&modeTY=2 อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=116 เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=2991 พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=3077 The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :- http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=3077 Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25 http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25