|
| บทนำ พระวินัยปิฎก พระสุตตันตปิฎก พระอภิธรรมปิฎก ค้นพระไตรปิฎก ชาดก หนังสือธรรมะ |
9. Mettasuttavannana
nikkhepappayojanam
idani yo nidhikandanantaram nikkhittassa mettasuttassa
atthavannanakkamo anuppatto, tassa idha nikkhepappayojanam vatva tato param:-
"yena vuttam yada yattha yasma cetesa dipana
nidanam sodhayitvassa karissamatthavannanan"ti.
Tattha yasma nidhikandena danasiladipunnasampada vutta, sa ca
sattesu mettaya kataya mahapphala hoti yava buddhabhumim papetum samattha, tasma
tassa punnasampadaya upakaradassanattham, yasma va saranehi sasane otaritva
sikkhapadehi sile patitthitanam dvattimsakarehi ragappahanasamattham kumarapanhena
mohappahanasamatthanca kammatthanam dassetva mangalasuttena tassa pavattiya
mangalabhavo attarakkha ca ratanasuttena tassanurupa pararakkha tirokuddena
ratanasutte vuttabhutesu ekaccabhutesu ekaccabhutadassanam vuttappakaraya
punnasampattiya pamajjamananam 1- vipatti ca nidhikandena tirokudde
vuttavipattipatipakkhabhuta sampatti ca dassita, dosappahanasamatthampana kammatthanam
adassitameva, tasma tam dosappahanasamattham kammatthanam dassetum idam
mettasuttam idha nikkhittam. Evanhi suparipuro hoti khuddakapathoti idamassa idha
nikkhepappayojanam.
Nidanasodhanam
idani yayam:-
"yena vuttam yada yattha yasma cetesa dipana
nidanam sodhayitvassa karissamatthavannanan"ti.
Matika nikkhitta, tattha idam mettasuttam bhagavatava vuttam, na
savakadihi, tanca pana yada himavantapassato devatahi ubbalha bhikkhu bhagavato
santikam agata, tada savatthiyam tesam bhikkhunam parittatthaya kammatthanatthaya ca
vuttanti evam tava sankhepato etesam padanam dipananidanasodhana veditabba.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. pamajjantanam, Si., i. pamajjana
Vittharato pana evam veditabba:- ekam samayam bhagava savatthiyam viharati
upakatthaya vassupanayikaya, tena kho pana samayena sambahula nanaverajjaka
bhikkhu bhagavato santike kammatthanam gahetva tattha tattha vassam upagantukama
bhagavantam upasankamanti. Tatra sudam bhagava ragacaritanam savinnanakaavinnanakavasena
ekadasavidham asubhakammatthanam, dosacaritanam catubbidham mettadikammatthanam, mohacaritanam
marananussatikammatthanadini, vitakkacaritanam anapanassatipathavikasinadini,
saddhacaritanam buddhanussatikammatthanadini, buddhicaritanam catudhatuvavatthanadiniti
imina nayena caturasitisahassappabhedacaritanukulani kammatthanani katheti. Atha kho
pancamattanam bhikkhusatani bhagavato santike kammatthanam uggahetva sappayasenasananca
gocaragamanca pariyesamanani anupubbena gantava paccante himavantena saddhim
ekabaddham nilakacamanisannibhasilatalam sitalaghanacchayanilavanasandamanditam muttadalarajatapata-
sadisavalikakinnabhumibhagam 1- sucisatasitudakatthanaparivaritam 2- pabbatamaddasamsu. Atha
kho 3- te bhikkhu disva 4- tatthevekarattim vasitva pabhataya rattiya sariraparikammam
katva tassavidure annataram gamam pindaya pavisimsu. Gamo ghananivesanasannivitthakula-
sahassayutto, manussa cettha saddha pasanna, te paccante pabbajitadassanassa
dullabhataya bhikkhu disva eva pitisomanassajata hutva te bhikkhu bhojetva
"idheva bhante temasam vasatha"ti yacitva panca padhanakutisatani karapetva
tattha mancapithapaniyaparibhojaniyaghatadini sabbupakaranani patiyadesum.
Bhikkhu tatiyadivase 5- annam gamam pindaya pavisimsu, tatthapi manussa
tatheva upatthahitva vassavasam yacimsu. Bhikkhu "asati antaraye"ti adhivasetva
tam vanasandam pavisitva sabbarattindivam araddhaviriya yamagandikam kottetva
yonisomanasikarabahula viharanta rukkhamulani upagantva nisidimsu. Silavantanam
bhikkhunam tejena vihatateja rukkhadevata attano attano vimana oruyha darake gahetva
ito cito ca vicaranti, seyyathapi nama rajuhi va rajamahamattehi va gamakavasam
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. muttajalarajatapattasadisavaluka.... 2 cha.Ma. sucisatasitalajalasayaparivaritam
@3 cha.Ma., i. khosaddo na dissati 4 cha.Ma., i. ayam saddo na dissati
@5 cha.Ma. dutiyadivase
Gatehi gamavasinam gharesu okase gahite gharamanusaka 1- gharani chadditva 2- annatra
vasanta "kada nu gamissanti"ti duratova olokenti, evameva devata attano
attano vimanani chaddetva ito cito ca vicarantiyo duratova olokenti
"kadanu bhaddanta gamissanti"ti. Tato evam samacintesum "pathamavassupagata bhikkhu
avassam temasam vasissanti, mayampana tavaciram darake gahetva okkamma vasitum
na sakkoma, handa mayam bhikkhunam bhayajanakam 3- arammanam dassema"ti. Ta rattim
bhikkhunam samanadhammakaranavelaya bhimsanakani yakkharupani nimminitva purato purato
titthanti, bheravasaddanca karonti. Bhikkhunam tani rupani passitva 4- tanca saddam
sutva hadayam phandati 5- dubbanna ca ahesum uppanduppandukajata. Tena te
bhikkhu cittam ekaggam nasakkhimsu katum, tesam anekaggacittanam bhayena ca punappunam
samvigganam sati pamussati, 6- tato tesam mutthassatinam duggandhani arammanani
payojesum, tesam tena duggandhena nimmathiyamanamiva matthalungam ahosi, balha
sisavedana uppajjimsu, na ca tam pavattim annamannassa arocesum.
Athekadivasam samghattherassa upatthanakale sabbesu sannipatitesu
samghatthero pucchi "tumhakam avuso imam vanasandam pavitthanam katipaham ativiya
parisuddho chavivanno ahosi pariyodato, vippasannani ca indriyani, etarahi
panattha kisa dubbanna uppanduppandukajata, kim vo idha asappayan"ti.
Tato eko bhikkhu aha "aham bhante rattim idisanca idisanca bheravarammanam
passami ca sunami ca, idisanca gandham ghayami, tena me cittam na samadhiyati"ti,
eteneva upayena sabbeva te tam pavattim arocesum. Samghatthero aha "bhagavata
avuso dve vassupanayika pannatta, amhakanca imam 7- senasanam asappayam,
ayamavuso bhagavato santikam gantva annam sappayasenasanam pucchama"ti.
"sadhu bhante"ti te bhikkhu therassa patisunitva sabbeva senasanam samsametva
pattacivaramadaya anupalitatta kulesu kanci anamantetva eva yena savatthi tena
carikam pakkamimsu. Anupubbena savatthim gantva bhagavato santikam agamimsu. 8-
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. gharamanussaka 2 cha.Ma., i. ghara nikkhamitva 3 cha.Ma. bhayanakam 4 cha.Ma.,
@i. disva 5 cha.Ma., i. phandi 6 cha.Ma., i. sammussi 7 cha.Ma., i. idam
@8 i. agamamsu
Bhagava te bhikkhu disva etadavoca "na bhikkhave antovassam carika
caritabbati maya sikkhapadam pannattam, kissa tumhe carikam caratha"ti.
Te bhagavato sabbam arocesum. Bhagava avajjento sakalajambudipe antamaso
catupadapithakatthanamattampi tesam annam 1- sappayasenasanam naddasa. Atha te bhikkhu
aha "na bhikkhave tumhakam annam sappayasenasanamatthi, tattheva tumhe
viharanta asavakkhayam papuneyyatha, 2- gacchatha bhikkhave, tameva senasanam upanissaya
viharatha, sace pana devatahi abhayam icchatha, imam parittam ugganahatha. Etanhi
vo parittanca kammatthananca bhavissati"ti imam suttamabhasi.
Apare ahu 3-:- "gacchatha bhikkhave tameva senasanam upanissaya
viharatha"ti idam vatva bhagava aha "apicakho arannikena pariharanam natabbam.
Seyyathidam? sayam patam karanavasena dve metta dve paritta dve asubha dve
Maranassati atthamahasamvegavatthusamavajjananca, atthamahasamvegavatthuni nama jati jara
byadhi maranam cattari apayadukkhaniti, athava jatijarabyadhimaranani cattari,
apayadukkham pancamam, atite vattamulakam dukkham, anagate vattamulakam dukkham,
paccupannaaharapariyetthimulakam dukkhan"ti. Evam bhagava pariharanam acikkhitva tesam
bhikkhunam mettatthanca parittatthanca vipassanapadakajjhanatthanca imam suttamabhasi.
Evam vittharatopi "yena vuttam yada yattha, yasma ce"ti etesam padanam dipana
nidanasodhanava veditabba.
Ettavata ca ya sa "yena vuttam yada yattha, yasma cetesa
dipana. Nidanam sodhayitva"ti matika thapita, sa sabbappakarena 4- vittharita hoti.
Pathamagathavannana
[1] Idani "assa karissamatthavannanan"ti vuttatta evam
katanidanasodhanassa assa suttassa atthavannana arabbhate. Tattha karaniyamatthakusalenati
imissa pathamagathaya tava ayam padavannana:- karaniyanti katabbam,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ayam saddo na dissati 2 cha.Ma. papunissatha
@3 cha.Ma. panahu 4 cha.Ma., i. sabbakarena
Karanarahanti attho. Atthoti patipada, yam va kinci attano hitam, tam sabbam
araniyato atthoti vuccati, araniyato nama upagantabbato. Atthe kusalena
atthakusalena, atthacchekenati vuttam hoti. Yanti aniyamitapaccattam. Tanti
niyamitaupayogam, ubhayampi va yantanti paccattavacanam, santam padanti upayogavacanam,
tattha lakkhanato santam, pattabbato padam, nibbanassetam adhivacanam. Abhisameccati
abhisamagantva. Sakkotiti sakko, samattho patibaloti vuttam hoti. Ujuti
ajjavayutto. Sutthu ujuti suhuju. Sukham vaco asminti 1- suvaco. Assati
bhaveyya. Muduti maddavayutto. Na atimaniti anatimani.
Ayampanettha atthavannana:- karaniyamatthakusalena, yantam santam padam
abhisameccati ettha tava atthi karaniyam, atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato
sikkhattayam karaniyam. Silavipatti ditthivipatti acaravipatti ajivavipattitievamadi
akaraniyam. Tatha atthi atthakusalo, atthi anatthakusalo. tattha yo imasmim sasane
pabbajitva na attanam samma payojeti, khandasilo hoti, ekavisatividham anesanam
nissaya jivitam 2- kappeti. Seyyathidam? veludanam pattadanam pupphadanam phaladanam
dantakatthadanam mukhodakadanam sinanadanam cunnadanam mattikadanam patukamyatam 3- mugga-
supyatam paribhatyatam janghapesanikam vejjakammam dutakammam pahinagamanam pindapatipindam
dananuppadanam vatthuvijjam 4- nakkhattavijjam angavijjanti. Chabbidhe ca agocare
carati. Seyyathidam? vesiyagocare vidhavagocare thullakumarikapandakabhikkhuni-
panagaragocareti. Samsattho ca viharati rajuhi rajamahamattehi titthiyehi
titthiyasavakehi ananulomikena gihisamsaggena, yani va pana tani kulani assaddhani
appasannani anopanabhutani akkosakaparibhasakani anatthakamani ahitakamani
aphasukakamani ayogakkhemakamani bhikkhunam bhikkhuninam .pe. Upasakanam
upasikanam, tatharupani kulani sevati bhajati payirupasati. Ayam anatthakusalo.
Yo pana imasmim sasane pabbajitva attanam samma payojeti,
anesanam pahaya catuparisuddhisile patitthatukamo saddhasisena patimokkhasamvaram,
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. tasminti 2 cha.Ma., i. jivikam
@3 cha.Ma., i. catukamyatam 4 Ma., i. vatthuvijjam khettavijjam
Satisisena indriyasamvaram, viriyasisena ajivaparisuddhim, pannasisena paccayapatisevanam
pureti. Ayam atthakusalo.
Yo va sattapattikkhandhasodhanavasena patimokkhasamvaram, chadvare
ghattitarammanesu abhijjhadinam anuppattivasena indriyasamvaram, anesanaparivajjanavasena
vinnupasatthabuddhabuddhasavakavannitapaccayapatisevanena ca ajivaparisuddhim, yathavutta-
paccavekkhanavasena paccayapatisevanam, catuiriyapathaparivattane satthakatadinam
paccavekkhanavasena sampajannam sodheti. Ayampi atthakusalo.
Yo va yatha usodakam 1- paticca sankilitthavattham pariyodayati, charikam
paticca adaso, ukkamukham paticca jatarupam, tatha nanam paticca silam vodayatiti
natva nanodakena dhovanto silam pariyadapeti. 2- Yatha ca kiki sakunika andam,
camarimigi 3- valadhim, ekaputtika nari piyam ekaputtakam, ekanayano puriso tam
ekanayananca rakkhati, tatha ativiya appamatto attano silakkhandham rakkhati, sayam
patam paccavekkhamano anumattampi vajjam na passati. Ayampi atthakusalo.
Yo va pana avippatisarakare sile patitthaya kilesavikkhambhanapatipadam
pagganhati, tam paggahetva kasinaparikammam karoti, kasinaparikammam katva samapattiyo
nibbatteti. Ayampi atthakusalo.
Yo va pana samapattito vutthaya sankhare sammasitva arahattam
papunati, ayam atthakusalanam aggo. Tattha ye ime yava avippatisarakare sile
patitthanena yava va kilesavikkhambhanapatipadayapagganhanena 4- vannita atthakusala,
te imasmim atthe atthakusalati adhippeta. Tathavidha ca te bhikkhu. Tena
bhagava te bhikkhu sandhaya ekapuggaladhitthanaya desanaya "karaniyamatthakusalena"ti
aha.
Tato param 5- "kim karaniyan"ti tesam sanjatakankhanam aha "yantam
santam padam abhisamecca"ti. Ayanhetthadhippayo 6-:- tam buddhanubuddhehi vannitam
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. usodakam 2 cha.Ma., i. pariyodapeti 3 cha.Ma. camari migo, camaramigo
@4 cha.Ma., i....paggahanena 5 cha.Ma., i. ayam saddo na dissati 6 cha.Ma. ayamettha
@adhippayo
Santam nibbanapadam pativedhavasena abhisamecca viharitukamena yam karaniyanti. Ettha
ca yanti imassa gathapadassa adito vuttameva karaniyanti adhikarato anuvattati,
tam santam padam abhisameccati. Ayampana yasma savasesapatho attho, tasma
viharitukamenati vuttanti veditabbam.
Athava santam padam abhisameccati anussavadivasena lokiyapannaya
nibbanapadam "santan"ti natva tam adhigantukamena yantam karaniyanti adhikarato
anuvattati, tam karaniyamatthakusalenati evamettha adhippayo veditabbo. Athava
"karaniyamatthakusalena"ti vutte "kin"ti cintentanam aha "yantam santam padam
abhisamecca"ti. Tassevam adhippayo veditabbo:- lokiyapannaya santam padam
abhisamecca yam karaniyam katabbam, tam karaniyam, karanarahameva tanti vuttam hoti.
Kimpana tanti? kimannam siya annatra tadadhigamupayato, kamancetam
Karanarahatthena sikkhattayadipakena adipadeneva vuttam. Tatha hi tassa atthavannanaya
avocumha "atthi karaniyam, atthi akaraniyam. Tattha sankhepato sikkhattayam karaniyan"ti.
Atisankhepena desitatta pana tesam bhikkhunam kehici vinnatam, kehici na vinnatam.
Tato yehi na vinnatam, tesam vinnapanattham yam visesato arannikena bhikkhuna
katabbam, tam vittharento "sakko uju ca suhuju ca, suvaco cassa mudu
anatimani"ti imam tava upaddhagathamaha.
Kim vuttam hoti? santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo, lokiyapannaya
Va tam abhisamecca tadadhigamaya patipajjamano aranniko bhikkhu dutiyacatutthapadhaniyanga-
samannagamena kaye ca jivite ca anapekkho hutva saccapativedhaya patipajjitum
sakko assa, tatha kasinaparikammavattasamadanadisu attano pattacivarapatisankharanadisu
ca yani tani sabrahmacarinam uccavacani kimkaraniyani, tesu annesu ca evarupesu
sakko assa tadakkho 1- analaso samattho. Sakko hontopi ca tatiyapadhaniyanga-
samannagamena uju assa. Uju hontopi ca sakimujubhavena daharakale va
ujubhavena santosam anapajjitva yavajivam punappunam asithilakaranena sutthutaram uju
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. dakkho
Assa asathakaranataya 1- va uju amayavitaya suhuju, kayavacivankappahanena va
uju, manovankappahanena suhuju. Asantagunassa va anavikaranena uju, asantagunena
uppannassa labhassa anadhivasanena suhuju. Evam arammanalakkhanupanijjhanehi
purimadvayatatiyasikkhahi payogasayasuddhihi ca uju ca suhuju ca assa.
Na kevalanca uju ca suhuju ca, apica pana suvaco ca assa. Yo
hi puggalo "idam na katabban"ti vutto "kinte dittham, kinte sutam, ko
me hutva 2- vadasi, kim upajjhayo acariyo sandittho sambhatto"ti va vadati 3-
tunhibhavena va vihetheti 4- sampaticchitva na tatha karoti, so visesadhigamassa
dure hoti. Yo pana ovadiyamano "sadhu bhante sutthu vuttam, attano vajjam
nama duddasam hoti, punapi mam evarupam disva vadeyyatha anukampam upadaya,
cirassam me tumhakam santikava ovado laddho"ti vadati, yathanusitthanca patipajjati,
so visesadhigamassa avidure hoti. Tasma evam parassa vacanam sampaticchitva
karonto suvaco ca assa.
Yatha ca suvaco, evam mudu assa. Muduti gahatthehi dutagamanapahina-
gamanadisu niyunjamano tattha mudubhavam akatva thaddho hutva vattapatipattiyam
sakalabrahmacariye ca mudu assa suparikammakatam suvannam viya tattha tattha viniyogakkhamo.
Athava muduti abhakutiko uttanamukho sukhasambhaso patisantharavutti sutittham viya
sukhavagaho assa. Na kevalanca mudu, apica pana anatimani assa, jatigottadihi
atimanavatthuhi pare natimanneyya, sariputtatthero viya candalakumarakasamena
cetasa vihareyyati.
Dutiyagathavannana
[2] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya va
patipajjamanassa visesato arannikassa bhikkhuno ekaccam karaniyam vatva puna
taduttarimpi vattukamo "santussako ca"ti dutiyam gathamaha.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. asathataya 2 cha.Ma. sutva
@3 cha.Ma. sambhatto vati vadeti, 4 cha.Ma. tam viheseti
Tattha "santutthi ca katannuta"ti ettha vuttappabhedena dvadasavidhena
santosena santussatiti santussako. Athava tussatiti tussako, sakena tussako,
santena tussako, samena tussakoti santussako. Tattha sakam nama "pindiyalopabhojanam
nissaya"ti evam upasampadamandale uddittham attana ca sampaticchitam
catupaccayajatam, tena sundarena va asundarena va sakkaccamasakkaccam va dinnena
patiggahanakale paribhogakale ca vikaramadassetva yapento "sakena tusasako"ti
vuccati. Santam nama yam laddham hoti attano vijjamanam, tena santeneva
tussanto tato paramam 1- apatthento atricchatam pajahanto "santena tussako"ti
vuccati. Samam itthanitthesu anunayappatighappahanam, tena samena sabbarammanesu
tussanto "samena tussako"ti vuccati.
Sukhena bhariyatiti subharo, supposoti vuttam hoti. Yo hi bhikkhu
manussehi salimamsodanadinam patte puretva dinnepi dummukhabhavam anattamanabhavameva
ca dasseti, tesam va sammukhava tam pindapatam "kim tumhehi dinnan"ti
apasadento samaneragahatthadinam deti, esa dubbharo. Etam disva manussa
duratova parivajjenti "dubbharo bhikkhu na sakka positun"ti. 2- No pana yankinci
khulam va panitam va appam va bahum va labhitva attamano vippasannamukho hutva
yapeti, 3- esa subharo. Etam disva manussa ativiya vissattha honti, "amhakam
bhaddanta 4- subharo thokathokenapi tussati, mayameva tam posessama"ti patinnam
katva posenti. Evarupo idha subharoti adhippeto.
Appam kiccamassati appakicco, na kammaramatabhassaramatasanganikaramatadi-
anekakiccabyavato, athava sakalavihare navakammasamghaparibhogasamaneraaramika-
vosasanadikiccavirahito, attano kesanakhacchedanapattacivaraparikammadim katva
samanadhammakiccaparo hotiti vuttam hoti.
Sallahuka vutti assati sallahukavutti. Yatha ekacco bahubhandako 5-
bhikkhu disa pakkamanakale bahupattacivarapaccattharanatelaguladim mahajanena
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. param 2 cha.Ma. posetunti 3 i. yati
@4 cha.Ma., i. bhadanto 5 cha.Ma. bahubhando
Sisabharakatibharadihi uccarapetva 1- pakkamati, evam ahutva yo appaparikkharo
hoti, pattacivaradiatthasamanaparikkharamattameva pariharati, disapakkamanakale pakkhi
sakuno viya samadayeva pakkamati, evarupo idha sallahukavuttiti adhippeto. Santani
indriyani assati santindriyo, ittharammanadisu ragadivasena anuddha-
tindriyoti vuttam hoti. Nipakoti vinnu vibhavi pannava, silanurakkhanapannaya
civaradivicaranapannaya avasadisattasappayaparijananapannaya ca samannagatoti adhippayo.
Na pagabbhoti appagabbho, atthatthanena kayapagabbhiyena catutthanena
vacipagabbhiyena anekatthanena manopagabbhiyena ca virahitoti attho.
Atthatthanam kayapagabbhiyannama 2- samghaganapuggalabhojanasalajantaghara-
nhanatitthabhikkhacaramaggaantaragharappavesanesu kayena appatirupakaranam. Seyyathidam?
idhekacco samghamajjhe pallatthikaya va nisidati padena padam adahetva 3-
vati evamadi. Tatha ganamajjhe catuparisasannipate, tatha vuddhatare puggale.
Bhojanasalayampana vuddhanam asanam na deti, navanam asanam patibahati. Tatha
jantaghare, vuddhe cettha anapuccha aggijalanadini karoti. Nhanatitthe ca
yadidam "daharo vuddhoti pamanam akatva agatapatipatiya nhayitabban"ti vuttam,
tampi anadiyanto paccha agantva udakam otaritva vuddhe ca nave ca
badheti. Bhikkhacaramagge pana aggasanaaggodakaaggapindattham vuddhanam purato
purato yati, bahaya baham paharanto. Antaragharappavesane vuddhanam pathamataram
pavisati, daharehi kayakilanam karotiti evamadi.
Catutthanam vacipagabbhiyannama 4- samghaganapuggalaantaragharesu
appatirupavacaniccharanam. Seyyathidam? idhekacco samghamajjhe anapuccha dhammam bhasati,
tatha pubbe vuttappakare gane vuddhatare puggale ca, tattha manussehi panham puttho
vuddhataram anapuccha visajjeti, antaraghare pana "itthanname kim atthi, kim yagu
udahu khadaniyam va bhojaniyam va, kimme dassasi, kimajja khadissami, kim
bhunjissami, kim pivissami"ti evamadim bhasati.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ubbahapetva, i. uddharapetva
@2 khu. maha. 29/399/272 purabhedasuttaniddesa (sya) 3 cha.Ma. pade padamodahitva,
@Si. padena padamadahitva, i. pade padam adahitva 4 khu. maha. 29/399/274
Anekatthanam manopagabbhiyannama 1- tesu tesutthanesu kayavacahi
ajjhacaram anapajjitvapi manasa eva kamavitakkadinanappakaram appatirupavitakkanam.
Kulesu ananugiddhoti yani upasakakulani 3- upasankamati, tesu
paccayatanhaya va ananulomikagihisamsaggavasena va ananugiddho, na sahasoki, na
sahanandi, na sukhitesu sukhito, na dukkhitesu dukkhito, na uppannesu kiccakaraniyesu
attana va yogamapajjitati 4- vuttam hoti. Imissaya ca gathaya yam "suvaco
cassa"ti ettha vuttam assati vacanam, tam sabbapadehi saddhim santussako ca assa,
subharo ca assati evam yojetabbam.
Tatiyagathavannana
[3] Evam bhagava santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya
va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannikassa bhikkhuno taduttarimpi karaniyam
acikkhitva idani akaraniyampi acikkhitukamo "na ca khuddam samacare kinci,
yena vinnu pare upavadeyyun"ti imam upaddhagathamaha.
Tassattho:- evamimam karaniyam karonto yantam kayavacimanoduccaritam
khuddam lamakanti vuccati, tam na ca khuddam samacare, asamacaranto ca na kevalam
olarikam, kintu 5- kinci na samacare, appamattakampi anumattakampi 6- na samacareti
vuttam hoti.
Tato tassa samacare sanditthikameva adinavam dasseti "yena vinnu
pare upavadeyyun"ti. Ettha ca yasma avinnu pare appamanam. Te hi anavajjam
va savajjam karonti, appasavajjam va mahasavajjam karonti. Vinnu eva pana
pamanam. Te hi anuvicca pariyogahetva avannarahassa avannam bhasanti,
vannarahassa vannam bhasanti. Tasma "vinnu pare"ti vuttam.
Evam bhagava imahi addhateyyagathahi santam padam abhisamecca
viharitukamassa tadadhigamaya va patipajjitukamassa visesato arannikassa,
@Footnote: 1 khu. maha. 29/399/276 (sya) 2 cha.Ma. kulesvananugiddhoti 3 cha.Ma. yani tani
@kulani 4 cha.Ma. uyyogamapajjitati, i. voyogamapajjitati 5 Si. kim pana
@6 cha.Ma. anumattakampi
Arannikasisena ca sabbesampi kammatthanam gahetva viharitukamanam karaniyakaraniyabhedam
kammatthanupacaram vatva idani tesam bhikkhunam tassa devatabhayassa patighataya
parittattham vipassanapadakajjhanavasena kammatthanatthanca "sukhino va khemino va
hontu"tiadina nayena mettakatham kathetumaraddho.
Tattha sukhinoti sukhasamangino. 1- Kheminoti khemavanto, abhaya
nirupaddavati vuttam hoti. Sabbeti anavasesa. Sattati panino. Sukhitattati
sukhitacitta. Ettha ca kayikena sukhena sukhino, manasena sukhena 2- sukhitatta,
tadubhayenapi sabbabhayupaddavavigamena va kheminoti veditabba. Kasma pana evam
vuttam? mettabhavanakaradassanattham. Evanhi metta bhavetabba "sabbe satta
sukhino hontu"ti va, "khemino hontu"ti va, "sukhitatta hontu"ti va.
Catutthagathavannana
[4] Evam yava upacarato appanakoti, tava sankhepena mettabhavanam
dassetva idani vittharato pana tam dassetum "yekeci"ti gathadvayamaha. Atha
va yasma puthuttarammane paricitam cittam na adikeneva ekagge 3- santhati,
arammanappabhedampana anugantva anugantva kameneva 4- santhati, tasma tassa
tasathavaradidukatikappabhede arammane anugantva anugantva santhanatthampi
"yekeci"ti gathadvayamaha. Athava yasma yassa yam arammanam vibhutam hoti, tassa
tattha cittam sukham titthati, tasma tesam bhikkhunam yassa yam vibhutam arammanam, tassa
tattha cittam santhapetukamo tasathavaradidukatikarammanappabhedadipakam 5- "yekeci"ti
imam gathadvayamaha.
Ettha hi tasathavaradukam ditthaditthadukam durasantikadukam bhutasambhavesidukanti
cattaro duke, dighadihi ca chahi padehi majjhimapadassa tisu anukathulapadassa 6- ca
dvisu tikesu ca atthasambhavato digharassamajjhimattikam mahantanukamajjhimattikam
thulanukamajjhimattikanti tayo tike ca dipeti. Tattha yekeciti anavasesavacanam.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. sukhasampanna 2 cha.Ma. ayam saddo na dissati 3 cha.Ma., i. ekatte
@4 cha.Ma., i. kamena 5 cha.Ma....tikarammanabhedadipakam 6 cha.Ma., i. anukapadassa
Pana eva bhuta panabhuta. Athava panantiti pana, etena assasapassasap-
patibaddhe pancavokarasatte ganhati. Bhavantiti bhuta, etena ekavokaracatuvokara-
satte ganhati. Atthiti santi samvijjanti.
Evam "yekeci panabhutatthi"ti imina vacanena dukatikehi sangahetabbe
sabbasatte ekajjham 1- dassetva idani sabbepi te tasa va thavara va
anavasesati imina dukena sangahetva dasseti.
Tattha tasantiti tasa, satanhanam sabhayanancetam adhivacanam. Titthantiti
thavara pahinatanhabhayanam arahatam etam adhivacanam. Natthi tesam avasesanti
anavasesa, sabbepiti vuttam hoti. Yanca dutiyagathaya ante vuttam. Tam
sabbadukatikehi sambandhitabbam "yekeci panabhutatthi tasa va thavara va
anavasesa, imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitatta. Evam yava bhuta va sambhavesi
va, imepi sabbe satta bhavantu sukhitatta"ti.
Idani digharassamajjhimaditikattayadipakesu digha vatiadisu chasu padesu
dighati dighattabhava nagamacchagodhadayo. Anekabyamasatappamanapi hi mahasamudde
nagadinam attabhava anekayojanasatappamanapi 2- macchagodhadinam attabhava honti.
Mahantati mahantattabhava jale macchakacchapadayo, thale hatthinagadayo, amanussesu
danavadayo. Aha ca "rahuggam attabhavinan"ti. 3- Tassa hi attabhavo ubbedhena
cattari yojanasahassani attha ca yojanasatani, bahu dvadasayojanasatapparimana,
pannasayojanam bhamukantaram, tatha angulantarika, hatthatalani dve yojanasataniti.
Majjhimati assagonamahisasukaradinam attabhava. Rassakati tasu tasu jatisu
vamanadayo dighamajjhimehi thulamajjhimehi ca 4- omakappamana satta. Anukati
mamsacakkhussa agocara dibbacakkhuvisaya udakadisu nibbatta sakhumattabhava satta
ukadayo va, apica ye tasu tasu jatisu mahantamajjhimehi thulamajjhimehi
ca omakappamana satta, te anukati veditabba. Thulati parimandalattabhava
macchakummasippikasambukadayo 5- satta.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. ekato 2 cha.Ma., i. anekayojanappamana
@3 an. catukka. 21/15/19 pannattisutta. 4 cha.Ma. ayam saddo na dissati
@5 cha.Ma. sippikasambukadayo
Pancamagathavannana
[5] Evam tihi tikehi anavasesato satte dassetva idani "dittha
va ye ca adittha"tiadihi tihi dukehipi te sangahetva dasseti.
Tattha ditthati ye attano cakkhussa apathamagatavasena ditthapubba.
Aditthati ye parasamuddaparaselaparacakakavaladisu thita. "ye ca dure vasanti avidure"ti
imina pana dukena attano attabhavassa dure ca avidure ca vasante satte
dasseti, te apadadvipadavasena veditabba. Attano hi kaye vasanta satta
avidure, bahi kayato 1- vasanta satta dure. Tatha anto upacare vasanta
avidure, bahi upacarato 2- vasanta dure. Anto 3- vihare game janapade dipe
cakkavale vasanta avidure, paracakkavale vasanta dure vasantiti vuccati.
Bhutati jata abhinibbatta. Ye bhuta eva, na puna bhavissantiti
sankhyam gacchanti. Tesam khinasavanam etam adhivacanam. Sambhavamesantiti sambhaveSi.
Appahinabhavasamyojanatta ayatimpi sambhavam esantanam sekkhaputhujjananametam adhivacanam.
Athava catusu yonisu andajajalambuja 4- satta yava andakosanca vatthikosanca
na bhindanti, tava sambhavesi nama, andakosanca vatthikosanca bhinditva bahi
nikkhanta bhuta nama. Samsedaja opapatika ca pathamacittakkhane sambhavesi nama,
dutiyacittakkhanato pabhuti bhuta nama. Yena va iriyapathena jayanti, yava tato
annam na papunanti, tava sambhavesi nama, tato param bhutati.
Chatthagathavannana
[6] Evam bhagava "sukhino va"ti adihi addhateyyahi gathahi
nanappakarato tesam bhikkhunam hitasukhadhigamanapatthanavasena satteseu mettabhavanam
dassetva idani ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasenapi tam dassento aha "na paro
param nikubbetha"ti. Esa poranapatho, idani pana "paranhi"tipi pathanti, ayam
na sundaro.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. bahi kaye 2 cha.Ma. bahi upacare
@3 cha.Ma., i. attano 4 cha.Ma., i. andajajalabuja
Tattha paroti parajano. Paranti parajanam. Na nikubbethati na
vambheyya. 1- Natimannethati na atikkamitva manneyya. Katthaciti katthaci okase,
game va khette 2- va natimajjhe va puggalamajjhe 3- vati adi. Nanti etam.
Kanciti yamkanci khattiyam va brahmanam va gahattham va pabbajitam va sukhitam va
dukkhitam vati 4- adi. Byarosana patighasannati kayavacivikarehi byarosanaya ca
manovikarena patighasannaya ca. "byarosanaya patighasannaya"ti hi vattabbe
"byarosana patighasanna"ti vuccati, yatha "sammadannaya vimutta"ti vattabbe
"sammanna vimutta"ti, yatha ca "anupubbasikkhaya anupubbakiriyaya anupubba-
patipadaya"ti vattabbe "anupubbasikkha anupubbakiriya anupubbapatipada
annaradhanati. 5- Nannamannassa dukkhamiccheyyati annamannassa dukkham na
iccheyya. Kim vuttam hoti? na kevalam "sukhino va khemino va
hontu"tiadimanasikaravaseneva mettam bhaveyya, kimpana 6- "aho vata yokoci
parapuggalo yamkanci parapuggalam vancanadihi nikatihi na nikubbetha,
jatiadihi ca navahi manavatthuhi katthaci padese yamkanci parapuggalam natimanneyya,
annamannassa ca byarosanaya va patighasannaya va dukkham na iccheyya"ti
evampi manasikaronto bhaveyyati.
Sattamagathavannana
[7] Evam ahitadukkhanagamanapatthanavasena atthato mettabhavanam
dassetva idani tameva upamaya dassento aha "mata yatha niyam puttan"ti.
Tassattho:- yatha mata niyam puttam attani jatam orasam puttam,
tanca ekaputtameva ayusa anurakkhe, tassa dukkhagamanapatibahanattham attano
ayumpi cajitva tam anurakkhe, evampi sabbabhutesu idam mettasankhyam manasam 7-
bhavaye, punappunam janaye vaddhaye, tanca aparimanasattarammanavasena ekasmim va
satte anavasesapharanavasena aparimanam bhavayeti.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. vanceyya 2 cha.Ma. game va gamakhette va 3 cha.Ma., i. pugamajjhe
@4 Si., i. sugatam va duggatam vati 5 cha.Ma., i. ayam saddo na dissati
@6 cha.Ma. kintu 7 Si., i. mettamanasam
Atthamagathavannana
[8] Evam sabbakarena mettabhavanam dassetva idani tasseva
vaddhanam dassento aha "mettanca sabbalokasmin"ti.
Tattha mijjati tayati cati mitto, hitajjhasayataya siniyhati,
ahitagamanato rakkhati cati attho. Mittassa bhavo mettam. Sabbalokasminti
anavasesasattaloke. Manasi bhavanti manasam. Tanhi cittasampayuttatta evam vuttam.
Bhavayeti vaddhaye. Nassa parimananti aparimanam, appamanasattarammanataya evam
vuttam. Uddhanti upari, tena arupabhavam ganhati. Adhoti hettha, tena kamabhavam
ganhati. Tiriyanti vemajjham, tena rupabhavam ganhati. Asambadhanti sambadhavirahitam,
bhinnasimanti vuttam hoti. Sima nama paccatthiko vuccati, tasmimpi pavattanti
attho. Averanti veravirahitam, antarantarapi veracetanapatubhavavirahitanti vuttam
hoti. 1- Asapattanti vigatapaccatthikam. Mettavihari hi puggalo manussanam piyo
hoti, amanussanam piyo hoti, nassa koci paccatthiko hoti, tenassa tam manasam
vigatapaccatthikatta asapattanti vuccati. Pariyayavacanam hi tam etam, yadidam paccatthiko
sapattoti. Ayam anupadato atthavannana.
Ayampanettha adhippetatthadipana:- yadetam 2- "evampi sabbabhutesu ma
manasam bhavaye aparimanan"ti vuttam, tancetam aparimanam mettam manasam
sabbalokasmim bhavaye vaddhaye, vuddhim virulhim vepullam gamaye papaye. Katham?
uddham adho ca tiriyanca, uddham yava bhavagga, adho yava avicito, tiriyam yava
avasesadisa. Uddham va aruppam, adho kamadhatum, tiriyam rupadhatum anavasesam
pharanto. Evam bhaventopi ca tam yatha asambadham averam asapattanca hoti, tatha
sambadhaverasapattanam abhavam karonto bhavaye. Yam va tam va bhavanasampadam pattam
sabbattha okasalokavasena 3- asambadham, attano paresu aghatapativinayena averam,
attani ca paresam aghatapativinayena asapattam hoti, tam asambadham averam asapattam
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma....virahitanti attho 2 cha.Ma. yadidam 3 Si., i. okasalabhavasena
Aparimanam mettam manasam uddham adho ca tiriyancati tividhaparicchedena sabbalokasmim
bhavaye vaddhayeti.
Navamagathavannana
[9] Evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani tam bhavanam
anuyuttassa viharato iriyapathaniyamabhavam dassento aha "titthancaram .pe.
Adhittheyya"ti.
Tassattho:- evancetam mettam manasam bhavento so "nisidati
pallankam abhujitva ujum kayam panidhaya"ti adisu viya iriyapathaniyamam akatva
yathasukham annatarannataram iriyapathabadhanavinodanam karonto tittham va caram va
nisinno va sayano va yavata vigatamiddho assa, atha etam mettajjhanassatim
adhittheyya.
Atha va evam mettabhavanaya vaddhanam dassetva idani vasibhavam
dassento aha "titthancaran"ti. Vasibhavappatto hi tittham va caram va
nisinno va sayano va yavata iriyapathena etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo
hoti, atha va tittham va caram va .pe. Sayano vati na tassatthanadini
antarayakarani honti, apica kho yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo
hoti, tavata vigatamiddhova 1- hutva adhitthati, natthi tassa tattha dandhayitattam.
Tenaha "titthancaram nisinno va, sayano va yava tassa vigatamiddho. Etam
satim adhittheyya"ti.
Tassayamadhippayo:- yantam "mettanca sabbalokasmim, manasambhavaye"ti
vuttam, tam tatha bhavaye, yatha thanadisu yavata iriyapathena thanadini va
anadayitva yavata etam mettajjhanassatim adhitthatukamo assa, tavata
vigatamiddhova hutva etam satim adhittheyyati.
Evam mettabhavanaya vasibhavam dassento "etam satim adhittheyya"ti
tasmim mettavihare niyojetva idani tam viharam thunanto aha "brahmametam
viharam idhamahu"ti.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma., i. vigatamiddho
Tassattho:- yvayam "sukhino va khemino va hontu"tiadim katva
yava "etam satim adhittheyya"ti vannito mettaviharo, etam catusu
dibbabrahmaariyairiyapathaviharesu niddosatta attanopi paresampi atthakaranatta ca
idha ariyassa dhammavinaye brahmaviharamahu setthaviharamahuti, yato satatam samitam
abbokinnam tittham caram nisinno va sayano va yavatassa vigatamiddho, etam
satim adhittheyyati.
Dasamagathavannana
[10] Evam bhagava tesam bhikkhunam nanappakarato mettabhavanam
dassetva idani yasma metta sattarammanatta attaditthiya asanna hoti,
tasma ditthigahananisedhanamukhena tesam bhikkhunam tadeva mettajjhanam 1- padakam katva
ariyabhumippattim dassento aha "ditthinca anupagamma"ti imaya gathaya desanam
samapeti. 2-
Tassattho:- yvayam "brahmametam viharam idhamahu"ti samvannito
mettajjhanaviharo, tato vutthaya ye tattha vitakkavicaradayo dhamma, te tesanca
vavatthadianusarena rupadhamme pariggahetva arupadhamme 3- pariggahetva 3- imina
namarupaparicchedena "suddhasankharapunjoyam nayidha sattupalabbhati"ti 4- evam ditthinca
anupagamma anupubbena lokuttarasilena silava hutva lokuttarasilasampayutteneva
sotapattimaggasammaditthisannitena dassanena sampanno tato param yo cayam 5-
vatthukamesu gedho kilesakamo appahino hoti, tampi sakadagamianagamimaggehi
ca tanubhavena 6- anavasesappahanena ca kamesu gedham vineyya vinayitva vupasametva
na hi jatu gabbhaseyyam punareti ekamseneva puna gabbhaseyyam na eti,
suddhavasesu nibbattitva tattheva arahattam papunitva parinibbatiti.
Evam bhagava desanam samapetva te bhikkhu aha "gacchatha bhikkhave
tasmimyeva vanasande viharatha, imanca suttam masassa atthasu dhammassavanadivasesu
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. mettajhanam 2 cha.Ma., i. samapesi 3-3 cha.Ma., i. ayam patha na dissanti
@4 sam. saga. 15/171/163 vajirasutta 5 cha.Ma., i. yo payam 6 Si.,i. patanubhavena
Gandim akotetva ussaretha, dhammakatham karotha sakacchatha anumodatha, idameva
kammatthanam asevatha bhavetha bahulikarotha, tepi vo amanussa tam bheravarammanam na
dassessanti, annadatthu atthakama hitakama bhavissanti"ti. Te "sadhu"ti bhagavato
patisunitva utthayasana bhagavantam abhivadetva padakkhinam katva tattheva
gantva tatha akamsu. Devatayo ca "bhaddanta amhakam atthakama hitakama"ti
pitisomanassajata hutva sayameva senasanam sammajjanti, unhodakam patiyadenti,
tameva mettam bhavetva tameva padakam katva vipassanam arabhitva sabbe tasmimyeva
antotemase aggaphalam arahattam papunitva mahapavaranaya visuddhipavaranam
pavaresunti.
Evanhi 1- atthakusalena tathagatena
dhammissarena kathitam karaniyamattham.
Katvanubhuyya paramam hadayassa santim
santam padam abhisamenti samattapanna.
Tasmahi tam amatamabbhutamariyakantam
santam padam abhisamecca viharitukamo.
Vinnu jano vimalasilasamadhipannabhedam
kareyya satatam karaniyamatthanti.
Paramatthajotikaya khuddakapathatthakathaya
mettasuttavannana nitthita.
---------
Nigamanakatha
ettavata ca yam vuttam:-
uttamam vandaneyyanam vanditva ratanattayam
khuddakanam karissami kesanci atthavannananti.
@Footnote: 1 cha.Ma. evampi
Tattha saranasikkhapadadvattimsakarakumarapanhamangalasuttaratanasuttatirokuddasutta-
nidhikandasuttamettasuttavasena navappabhedassa khuddakapathassa tava atthavannana
kata hoti. Tenetam vuccati:-
idam 1- khuddakapathassa karontenatthavannanam
saddhammatthitikamena yampattam kusalam maya.
Tassanubhavato khippam dhamme ariyappavedite
vuddhim virulhim vepullam papunatu ayam janoti.
Paramavisuddhisaddhabuddhiviriyagunapatimanditena silacarajjavamaddavadiguna-
samudayasamuditena sakasamayasamayantaragahanajjhogahanasamatthena pannaveyyattiyasamannagatena
tipitakapariyattidhammappabhede satthakathe satthu sasane appatihatananappabhavena
mahaveyyakaranena karanasampattijanitasukhaviniggatamadhurolaravacanalavannayuttena
yuttamuttavadina vadivarena mahakavina chalabhinnapatisambhidadippabhedagunapatimandite
uttarimanussadhamme suppatitthitabuddhinam theravamsappadipanam theranam mahaviharavasinam
vamsalankarabhutena vipulavisuddhabuddhina buddhaghosoti garuhi gahitanamadheyyena therena
kata ayam paramatthajotika nama khuddakapathavannana:-
tava titthatu lokasmim lokanittharanesinam
dassenti kulaputtanam nayam siladivisuddhiya.
Yava buddhoti namampi suddhacittassa tadino
lokamhi lokajetthassa pavattati mahesinoti.
Paramatthajotikaya khuddakapathatthakathaya
khuddakapathavannana nitthita.
-------
The Pali Atthakatha in Roman Book 17 page 208-227.
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_rm.php?B=17&A=5494&modeTY=2
อรรถกถาบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/atthapali/read_th.php?B=17&A=5494&modeTY=2
อ่านอรรถกถาแปลไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/attha/attha.php?b=25&i=10
เนื้อความพระไตรปิฎกฉบับหลวง :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/r.php?B=25&A=237
พระไตรปิฎกฉบับบาลีอักษรไทย :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/pali_read.php?B=25&A=243
The Pali Tipitaka in Roman Character :-
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/roman_read.php?B=25&A=243
Contents of The Tipitaka Volume 25
http://84000.org/tipitaka/read/?index_25
         |
|
บันทึก ๖ กุมภาพันธ์ พ.ศ. ๒๕๖๑. การแสดงผลนี้อ้างอิงข้อมูลจากอรรถกถาฉบับภาษาบาลี อักษรโรมัน. หากพบข้อผิดพลาด กรุณาแจ้งได้ที่ [email protected]